三维环境下的建筑表面太阳能潜力估计

提出一种结合屋顶及立面，考虑天气因素影响的城市级建筑表面太阳能潜力估计方法.以建筑轮廓矢量数据和高度信息为基础，重建三维城市环境；基于射线求交方法、纹理映射和太阳辐射模型计算和渲染建筑表面太阳辐射；利用长期日照时数气象数据和天气校正模型对建筑表面接收的太阳辐射进行辐射校正，并通过气象站太阳辐照度辐射观测数据对校正结果进行有效性验证.结果表明：相关系数r和均方根误差RMSE分别为0.85和0.99 kW·h·m^-2,具有一定的有效性.应用该方法对研究区进行时空特征分析，研究结果可为城市清洁能源利用评估提供方法，为低碳城市的设计和管理提供一定参考.     

Selection of Weather Parameters for Air-Conditioning System Design for Buildings with Long Thermal Lag

Two building factors-a longer thermal lag of more than one hour for building envelops and a lag of indoor radiation to convert into cooling load-have impact on the instantaneous heat input and instantaneous cooling load.So the two factors should be taken into account when selecting the weather parameters for air-con-ditioning system design.This paper developed a new statistic method for the rational selection of coincident solar irradiance,dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures.The method was applied to historic weather records of 25 years in Hong Kong to generate coincident design weather data.And the results show that traditional design solar irra-diance,dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperatures may be significantly overestimated in many conditions,and the de-sign weather data for the three different constructions is not kept constant.     

天气和气候条件对大气PM2.5和臭氧污染形成过程的影响

 在大气污染过程中，化学物质排放是内因，气象条件是外因，影响着污染物的传输扩散、化学转化、干湿沉降等过程。综述了中国近几年关于天气和气候条件对PM_2.5和臭氧污染形成过程影响的研究进展和相关领域未来研究的重点。结果发现，目前关于天气和气候条件影响PM_2.5的研究较为系统，能识别气候因子、区域环流、局地静稳天气的配置关系，但对天气和气候影响臭氧污染的研究还较少。