基于LS-SVM的棉针织物染色上染率模型的研究

针对棉针织物染色上染率建模中存在非线性建模困难及预测精度不高等问题,结合棉针织物的染色机理,基于最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)建立上染率模型并进行预测.将提出的方法与BP神经网络法进行比较,试验结果表明前者具有更高的预测精度,验证了LS-SVM对织物染色上染率预测建模是一种可行而有效的方法.     

Preparation of Latex Film with Macropores and Their Applications in Pigment Dyeing

Aiming at improving the permeability of the pigment dyed fabrics,two kinds of hydrophilic polymers(polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP),and polyethylene glycol(PEG)were fed into the styrene-butyl acrylate(St-BuA)copolymer latex binder respectively to prepare films with macropores.The effects of the post-added polymers on the latex film formation process and film structures were studied and the performance of the dyed fabrics was evaluated.It was found that the drying process could still be divided into three stages even after the addition of PVP and PEG.And the water evaporation rate during the first and last stage remained the same as usual.However,after the addition of PVP,the onset of the second stage was delayed to high volume fraction,and PVP formed into spherical dispersion phase with 300 nm in diameter.It provided a great deal of interface between the latex polymer and the PVP phase,which led to an increase in the water evaporation rate during the second stage.A different case was found after the feeding of PEG.Firstly,the first stage ended at low volume fraction and a decreased evaporation rate was observed in the second stage.Secondly,the PEG dispersion appeared as finger-like structure in the transmission electron microscopy(TEM)images with 9μm in length.After rinsing,pores were found only in the films formerly containing PVP or PEG,and the shapes and the sizes were closely correlated with the initial morphologies of the PVP or PEG domains.However,the shade of color,the abrasion fastness,and the permeability of the dyed fabric were independent of the type of the post-added hydrophilic polymer.     

双氰乙基系列分散染料的合成及染色性能研究

以8个芳香胺为重氮组分,N,N-二氰乙基间氯苯胺为偶合组分,经重氮化、偶合反应合成了8个双氰乙基系列偶氮分散染料,用UV-Vis、IR、1HNMR、MS和元素分析对其结构进行了表征,探索了它们在涤纶织物和乙酰化杉木粉上的染色性能.结果表明:4个杂环偶氮分散染料最大可见吸收波长在416～578 nm,体现出较宽的色谱范围,染色涤纶织物色光分别为黄色、艳红色、紫红色和蓝色,且具有高皂洗(粘)色牢度和高日晒牢度;而4个非杂环偶氮分散染料最大可见吸收波长在449 ～ 510 nm,体现出较窄的色谱范围,染色涤纶织物色光为桔黄色或红色,同样具有高水洗牢度和高日晒牢度.同时,用合成的8个偶氮分散染料对乙酰化杉木粉进行染色,染色乙酰化杉木粉的色光与对应染料染色涤纶织物的色光接近.     

染整生产节能降耗技术分析

全球性的能源危机和生态环境的恶化,对染整工业生产提出了严重的挑战。染整生产行业为应对这种挑战,进行了系统的技术改造和设备更新。根据染整生产的现状和发展趋势,从染整设备、染化料的应用和染整技术的革新等方面,分析和总结了一些节能降耗的工艺技术,并就染整生产节能降耗技术的发展趋势,提出了一些看法。     

印染废水脱色菌的选育及研究

从印染厂污水处理站的活性污泥中分离出五株有脱色能力的菌株(T1、T2、T3、T4、T5),其中T4菌株降解能力最强.实验表明,当培养温度为34℃,pH值为7.0,投菌量10%时,脱色效果最好,脱色率可达84.5%.另外,混合菌的脱色效果要优于T4单菌株,脱色率可提高至87.6%.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Naphthalenesulfonic Formaldehyde Condensates for Improving the Solubility of C.I.Reactive Blue 19 in Alkali Liquor

The solubility of C.I. reactive blue 19 in aqueous alkali is poor, so it isn＇t used to dye cellulosic fiber in cold pad-batch dyeing. In order to improve the solubility of this dyestuff in alkali liquor, the right dispersants will be needed. A series of condensates are synthesized by changing the synthesis conditions such as the ratio of naphthalenesulfonic （N） to formaldehyde （F）, acidity, and their compositions are confirmed by MS spectrum. It is found that in acidity scope of 20%-24% and the ratio of N to F 1∶0.33, the synthesized condensates can efficiently improve the solubility of C.I. reactive blue 19 in alkali liquor. In addition, the influences of the condensates on the exhaust dyeing and the cold pad-batch dyeing are tested.     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

阳离子絮凝剂的合成及应用

以环氧氯丙烷、二甲胺和二乙烯三胺为原料制得了阳离子絮凝剂,研究了原料的摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对产品性能的影响.利用红外光谱对合成产物的结构进行了表征,并对染料溶液和实际染色废水进行了脱色效果试验.结果表明,当n（环氧氯丙烷）∶n（二甲胺）∶n（二乙烯三胺）=1.1∶1∶0.12,加料温度控制在20～25℃,升温至70℃,反应5 h制得的阳离子絮凝剂,对染料溶液和实际染色废水的脱色率均可达95%以上.     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件：外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

Influence of Low Temperature Dyeing Accelerant on Acrylic Fiber Dyed with Cationic Dyes

The dyeing behavior of cationic dyes to acrylic fiber with self-made low temperature dyeing accelerant was investigated in this study.Compared with conventional dyeing,the acrylic yarn was dyed with Cationic Turquoise Blue X-GB at 85℃ in the presence of accelerant and absence of accelerant,respectively.The influence of low temperature dyeing accelerant on the dyeing mechanism of acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dye was analyzed through kinetics and thermodynamics study.The results show that adding dyeing accelerant can heighten the equilibrium dye-uptake,dyeing rate constants,diffusion coefficients,and shorten half-dyeing time for acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dyes.Furthermore,the partition coefficient,the standard affinity,and the dye saturation value also increased in the dyeing at 85 ℃.