Reactions Between Humic Acid Solutions and Excessive ClO2 or Cl2

Reactions between humic acid solutions and excessive ClO2 or Cl2 have been investigated. Under various experimental conditions, the removal efficiency of TOC, UV254 and A140 from humic acid solutions were examined. The relationship between the removal efficiency and the consumption of ClO2 or Cl2 was discussed. The results showed that the maximum demand of ClO2 was 2.19 mg/mg TOC for the humic acid solution under the experimental conditions, and that of Cl2 was 1.88 mg/mg TOC. The variation tendency of ClO2 consumption was similar to that of Cl2. TOC of humic acid solutions decreased 15.2% and 15.6% after the reaction with ClO2 or Cl2 respectively. Under the experimental conditions, 21.4% of unsaturated bonds and 52.8% of humic acid color were removed by ClO2 in 168 h. As for Cl2, removal efficiency of unsaturated bonds and humic acid color were 16.8% and 41.7% respectively. Larger molecules from humic acid were oxidized to smaller molecules by ClO2 and Cl2. Higher oxidation potential of ClO2 than that of Cl2 was also indicated by variation of UV254/A410 ratios. The similar tendency, that exhibited faster variation in the initial 24 h, existed for all the research factors.     

黄河大柳树生态经济区老灌区节水潜力综合分析

建设大柳树生态经济区是黄河黑山峡河段开发的主要任务,长期以来,围绕黄河流域突出的水资源供需矛盾,引起了不同学者和有关部门对大柳树生态经济区建设的学术技术争议.结合生态经济区水资源条件,以黄河大柳树生态经济区老灌区节水潜力为主线,系统分析了影响节水潜力的主要因素和敏感性.结果表明,通过输水工程改造、种植结构调整、田间改造、井渠结合、运行管理等方面的节水努力,老灌区节水量为13.18×108～22.69×108 m3,有水资源条件支撑了大柳树生态经济区的建设与开发.     

红树莓品种的越冬性初步研究

在沈阳地区,采用电导法、组织褐变法和萌芽生长法对不同红树莓品种的越冬性进行研究,结果表明,树莓越冬枝条在-20~-25℃条件下遭受冻害,致死临界温度为-30℃,越冬期间枝条表皮保水能力较差,抽条现象较严重.树莓越冬伤害为冻害和抽条伤害两种,但主要是抽条伤害.     

西藏农村水环境恶化成因及治理对策

随着西藏经济建设的深入推进,西藏农村也得到了前所未有的发展,然而经济建设是把双刃剑,经济发展的同时伴随的是对生态的破坏。据调查研究和数据表明,西藏的农村水环境已开始慢慢变坏且有恶化的趋势,西藏的农村水环境污染防治正日益受到有关部门的关注。针对西藏农村社会经济发展水平相对较低,公共基础设施建设相对落后,农民收入相对较低,国家尚无法投入大量资金用于农村环保工作的现实情况,认清西藏农村水环境污染的成因,并采取当地实际的治理措施,对于维护当地居民身体健康和环境质量要求以及资源循环利用要求,维护国家生态源头的安全具有重要意义。     

张峰水库输水工程总干后半段方案比选

通过对原输水工程初步设计方案的分析,对多个方案进行了比选,并确定了输水方案。     

深圳福田红树林区浮游藻类时空分布的研究

在2005年11月（秋）、2006年1月（冬）、2006年4月（春）,分别对深圳福田红树林保护区5个水质监测站的浮游藻类进行采样研究.共鉴定到浮游藻类5门27属52种（含1变种和9未知种）,密度在1.2×10^6～8.8×10^6个/L之间,平均密度为4.9×10^6个/L.硅藻门种类最多,有17属35种（含未知7种）,占总种类数的67.3%,而且密度最大,高达8.7×10^6个/L;最少为隐藻门的种类,尚未发现甲藻门的种类.耐污染特征的种类如极微小环藻（Cyclotella caspia）、颤藻（Oscillatoriaspp.）和小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris）是藻类群落的主要成分.各站分布的藻类群落组成季节差异明显,而种类数和密度并没有明显的季节变化.各站的优势种和优势类群存在时空差异.评价各站水质,反映出该红树林区水体处在中营养至富营养化状态.     

丽江古城景观水环境现状与调控研究

水环境是丽江世界文化遗产地生态地质环境的重要组成部分。由于丽江城市化进程加快，对水环境保护不力，导致古城水污染加剧、水资源量衰减、景观生态用水不足和景观水质下降。通过强化水环境研究、加强水环境立法、进行水生态环境综合治理；实施以调剂古城周边地下泉水为主，拉市海调水为辅的丽江古城景观调水方案，可以保护丽江古城水环境，为丽江古城世界文化遗产地的可持续发展提供保证。     

芳砜纶织物的拒水拒油整理

采用含氟拒水拒油整理剂AG-7600,交联剂三聚氰胺甲醛对芳砜纶织物进行拒水拒油整理,经过试验,得到芳砜纶织物拒水拒油整理的最优工艺条件为AG-7600整理剂质量分数为6%、三聚氰胺甲醛交联剂质量分数为2%、焙烘温度为170℃、焙烘时间为1min,整理后织物获得良好的拒水拒油性能及耐久性.     

Importance of NPA motifs in the expression and function of water channel aquaporin-1

The asparagine-proline-alanine sequences (NPA motifs) are highly conserved in aquaporin water channel family. Crystallographic studies of AQP1 structure demonstrated that the two NPA motifs are in the narrow central constriction of the channel, serving to bind water molecules for selective and effi-cient water passage. To investigate the importance of the two NPA motifs in the structure, function and biogenesis of aquaporin water channels, we generated AQP1 mutations with NPA1 deletion, NPA2 de-letion and NPA1,2 double deletion. The coding sequences of the three mutated cDNAs were subcloned into the mammalian expression vector pcDNA3.1 to form expression plasmids. We established stably transfected CHO cell lines expressing these AQP1 mutants. Immunofluorescence indicated that all the three mutated AQP1 proteins are expressed normally on the plasma membrane of stably transfected CHO cells, suggesting that deletion of NPA motifs does not influence the expression and intracellular processing of AQP1. Functional analysis demonstrated that NPA1 or NPA2 deletion reduced AQP1 water permeability by 49.6% and 46.7%, respectively, while NPA1,2 double deletion had little effect on AQP1 water permeability. These results provide evidence that NPA motifs are important for water per-meation but not essential for the expression, intracellular processing and the basic structure of AQP1 water channel.