Ni_3Si涂层对Ti_6Al_4V合金抗NaCl/O_2/H_2O(g)协同腐蚀性能的影响

研究了磁控溅射法制备的Ni3Si涂层对Ti6Al4V合金在600℃下,抗NaCl/氧气/水蒸气协同腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,在材料遭受腐蚀的过程中,Ni3Si涂层有效地改善了Ti6Al4V合金抗NaCl/氧气/水蒸气综合腐蚀的能力;而无涂层试样遭受了严重的腐蚀,不仅发生了内氧化,而且有大量的腐蚀产物脱落.利用带能谱的扫描电镜、X射线衍射、电子探针和表面光电子能谱对样品的腐蚀行为进行了分析,并讨论了涂层抗腐蚀的机理.     

具有实际地形的溃堤水流数值模拟

为了减小因溃堤洪水而造成的人员生命和财产损失,建立了能够模拟具有实际地形的溃堤水流的数学模型。该模型基于非结构网格的有限体积法,采用HLL格式的近似R iem ann解计算界面通量,并利用TVD-MU SCL格式和H ancock格式将计算精度升高到二阶。对底坡源项采用分解法处理,对摩阻项采用了半隐式离散的方法来增加计算的稳定性。通过溃坝算例和混合流算例,验证了该方法的稳定性、和谐性和健全性。该模型已应用于哈尔滨市松北区溃堤水流的模拟。结果表明,该模型能较好地模拟具有实际地形的溃堤水流运动。     

He-Ne激光对油松幼苗活性氧代谢的影响

采用功率密度为5.6 mW.mm-2的He-Ne激光处理油松种子,处理时间分别为60 s、80 s和100 s,用PEG对其油松幼苗进行水分胁迫.结果发现,经激光处理的油松幼苗在水分胁迫条件下,其幼叶中活性氧产生速率受到抑制,丙二醛含量和相对电导率下降,保护酶活性增强.这表明激光处理油松种子对其幼苗在水分胁迫下体内活性氧清除能力增强,抗旱性提高.     

棱镜材料与其色散研究及应用

采用汞灯光谱谱线波长为已知数据,测量其通过三棱镜后所对应的各最小偏向角,求出其对应的折射率n值,进而作出色散曲线,验证其所满足的函数关系,在此基础上用图解插值法求其钠光谱谱线波长.     

碱激发对粉煤灰活性的影响

研究了粉煤灰的物理化学特性,设计了四种方案对粉煤灰进行改性,旨在扩大粉煤灰的应用. 通过对比改性前后Na2SiO3-粉煤灰试块的强度,使粉煤灰在改性前后的反应速度通过试块的强度得以体现. 扫描电镜照片显示,在机械粉磨结合化学激发处理后,坚硬的外壳大部分被破坏. 27Al的核磁共振图谱显示宽峰变窄. 29Si的核磁共振谱表明,Q0消失,Q2增多,Q4减少. 说明加入强碱并同时机械粉磨可有效破坏粉煤灰的玻璃微珠外壳及硅铝网络结构,可增强粉煤灰的潜在活性.     

第二焦化厂循环氨水余热采暖的研究与应用

介绍了循环氨水产生、冷却煤气的机理,阐述了循环氨水余热采暖在实际生产中的利用过程。     

硫酸生产废水中除砷方法探讨

对硫酸生产中净化工序废水进行处理，根据其含砷量多少，介绍其处理方法、工艺流程及机理，经处理后的污水均可达到国家排放标准，并可取得良好的环境效益、经济效益和社会效益。     

宁夏水利发展存在的问题及调整思路

文章对地处干旱半干旱地区的宁夏水资源状况和水利设施进行分析,评价了宁夏水利发展存在的主要问题,并提出了宁夏水利发展的思路。     

水的体胀系数的计量原理、公式和方法

利用不同温度下纯水的密度值,给出了水的体胀系数的计量原理、公式和方法。     

Water isotope variations in the snow pack and summer precipitation at July 1 Glacier, Qilian Mountains in northwest China

This paper presents the stable isotope data of the snow pack and summer precipitation collected at the July 1 Glacier, Qilian Mountains in northwest China and analyses their relationships with meteorologi- cal factors. On an event scale, there is no temperature effect on the δ 18O values in the summer pre- cipitation, whereas the amount effect is shown to be clear. By tracing the moisture transport history and comparing the precipitation with its isotopic composition, it is shown that this amount effect not only reflects the change in moisture trajectory, which is related to the monsoon activities, but is also associated with the cooling degree of vapor in the cloud, the evaporation of falling raindrops and the isotopic exchange between the falling drops and the atmospheric vapor. As very little precipitation occurs in winter, the snow pack profile mainly represents the precipitation in the other three seasons. There are low precipitation δ 18O ratios in summer and high ratios in spring and autumn. The Meteoric Water Line (MLW) for the summer precipitation is δ D = 7.6 δ 18O 13.3, which is similar to that at Delingha, located in the south rim of the Qilian Mountains. The MWL for the snow pack is δ D = 10.4 δ 18O 41.4, showing a large slope and intercept. The deuterium excess (d) of the snow pack is positively correlated with δ 18O, indicating that both d and δ 18O decrease from spring to summer and increase from early autumn to early spring. This then results in the high slope and intercept of the MWL. Sea- sonal fluctuations of d in the snow pack indicate the change of moisture source and trajectory. During spring and autumn, the moisture originates from continental recycling or rapid evaporation over rela- tively warm water bodies like Black, Caspian and Aral Seas when the dry westerly air masses pass over them, hence very high d values in precipitation are formed. During summer, the monsoon is responsi- ble for the low d values. This indicates that the monsoon can reach the western part of the Qilian Mountains.