反抛物势与双光晶格势中的三维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚涡旋孤子

提出了一种处理囚禁于反抛物势和双光晶格复合势中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚涡旋孤子动力学的能量密度泛函和直接数值仿真相结合的方法.利用静态Gross-Pitaevskii方程和柱对称玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚涡旋孤子试探波函数,给出了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚静态涡旋孤子能量密度泛函的解析式,再运用数值模拟含时Gross-Pi-taevskii方程的方法,得到了稳定演化的涡旋孤子;并且通过调控双光晶格势,实现了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚涡旋孤子从某一晶格势槽为初始位置到任意位置的操控,为玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实验和应用研究提供了一定的理论依据.值得指出的是,双涡旋孤子的稳定演化与操控是最重要的发现.     

饱和非线性光纤中孤子传输特性的数值研究

文章以包含五阶非线性效应的高阶非线性薛定谔方程为模型,数值分析了饱和非线性光纤中孤子的传输特性.结果表明,五阶非线性效应影响下,皮秒孤子间的相互作用与不含五阶非线性效应孤子情况并不相同,其相互作用更为严重.这对光孤子通信系统是非常有害的.数值计算结果发现,同时采用不等振幅和不等位相法,选取合适的振幅比和相对相位可以对孤子间的相互作用进行有效的抑制.     

带有共振耦合线性链中孤立子激发

讨论带有一般次近邻相互作用线性链的孤立波激发。说明只要相互作用的排斥部分比较谐振部分更强,线性链中ｃｎｏｉｄａｌ波和孤立子激发都可以存在。进一步考虑了较短特征长度的孤立子行为。     

位相共轭及色散补偿孤子通信系统的误码率

终端位相调制及正色散补偿是光孤子系统中的一种新的传输控制技术，本文首次对系统参数对误码特性的影响进行了分析，发现恰当地选择系统的光纤色散参数，终端散补偿因子以及传输速率能使系统的误码率达到最低。     

含有双温非热离子的热尘埃等离子体中二维尘埃声孤波

以含有双温非热离子的无磁化热尘埃等离子体为研究对象,使用约化摄动方法得到了描述有限小振幅波动的KP方程.研究结果表明,尘埃流体的温度及两种不同温度满足非热分布的离子会严重影响和改变着尘埃声孤波的类型与结构,系统中既可能出现稀疏形孤波也可能出现压缩形孤波,而且,孤波的振幅与宽度亦有明显改变.     

定常与脉冲涡旋射流下矩形扩压器流动分离控制研究

为了研究涡旋射流控制流动分离的物理机理,基于大涡模拟方法对涡旋射流控制下的矩形扩压器流场和射流流向涡结构的生成、发展等动力学演化过程进行了数值研究.结果表明:射流产生的流向涡将主流高动量气流带入分离区,增加了边界层内气流流动方向的动量,使流动分离得到了抑制.射流流场的涡结构主要由射流剪切层涡、马蹄涡、尾涡组成,由于速度梯度大小的变化,使得射流剪切层涡系的结构随着时间推移从涡卷演化为涡环.对于脉冲射流,在低频脉冲下,射流产生的流向涡呈涡卷结构,流动控制效果明显.在高频脉冲下,射流剪切层涡演变成间歇涡环结构,流动控制效果减弱.通过对比脉冲频率和占空比对流动控制的影响发现,占空比为0.5、频率为20Hz的脉冲射流具有较好的流动控制效果.     

非线性弹性杆中MKdV应变孤波的演变

本文利用微扰论方法,从连续谱方面详细研究了非线性弹性杆中的粘弹性阻尼对杆内纵向MKdV应变孤波传播的影响.结论指出:耗散的存在不仅使孤波的能量发生耗散,高度随时间变矮,速度减慢,而且在初时刻,孤波的后面会随时间逐渐生长出一个振荡形式的尾迹.     

Temperature effects of dark solitons on the self-deflection of bright solitons in a separate bright-dark soliton pair

Based on the theory of one-dimensional separate soliton pairs formed in a serial photorefractive crystal circuit, we investigated the temperature effects of the dark soliton on the self-deflection of the bright soliton in a bright-dark soliton pair. The numerical results obtained by solving the nonlinear propaga-tion equation showed that the bright soliton moves on a parabolic trajectory in the crystal and its spa-tial shift changed with the temperature of the dark soliton. The higher the temperature of the dark soli-ton was, the smaller the spatial shift of the bright soliton was. The self-bending process was further studied by the perturbation technique, and the results were found to be in good agreement with that obtained by the numerical method.     

Solitons and production of defects in flow-aligning nematic liquid crystals under simple shear flow

The production of defects in flow-aligning nematic liquid crystals under simple shear flow is analyzed by linear stability analysis based on Leslie-Ericksen theory. It is pointed out that the equation of motion of the nematic director under simple shear flow conforms to the driven over-damped sine-Gordon equation and has a soliton solution of amplitude π. It has also been shown that the stationary state with the director uniformly oriented at a Leslie angle is only a metastable state and that the potential, which governs the motion of the director, has infinite numbers of stable stationary states. Therefore, the defects, appearing as a stable solitary solution, can be nucleated from a uniformly aligned flow-aligning type of nematic liquid crystal by shear flow. On the other hand, the bands with long axis parallel to the vorticity axis, appearing as an unstable solution, can be observed as transient patterns at low shear rate and low shear strain value. The theoretical predictions are compared with previous experimental observations.