Numerical simulation of Meiyu front and the diagnosis of moist vorticity vector

Moist vorticity vector is introduced to study the development and evolution of mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) in the Meiyu front precipitation with the Advanced Regional Predication System (ARPS). In this study, the heavy rainfall is simulated to investigate the genesis, development and dissipation of middle scale convective vortex, which occurred from 0000 UTC 3 July to 1200 UTC 5 July over the Jianghuai River valley. Moist vorticity vector (MVV) has zonal, radial and vertical components in its 3D spatial distribution. The simulation shows that the vertical component of moist vorticity vector well demonstrates the spatial distribution characteristics of middle scale convective vortex, especially in the process of Meiyu front precipitation. Diagnosis upon zonal, radial averaged and mass-integrated quantities of MVV shows that its vertical component and the surface precipitating ratio are in phase with a correlation coefficient of 0.68, indicating that the vertical component of MVV is closely associated with the Meiyu front precipitation. In addition, the tendency of the vertical component of MVV is mainly determined by the interaction between the vorticity and the zonal and radial gradient of condensational or depositional heating.     

Daily variation of carbon flux in soils of Populus euphratica forests in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River

In order to lucubrate the daily variation of respiration in soils of Populus euphratica forests and analyze its relationship with environmental factors in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, the LI-8100 instrument of soil CO2 flux system was used to measure the parameters of soil carbon flux and air temperature 10 cm above ground surface along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, and the relationships between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content were analyzed. The nonlinear regression analysis was carried out with the software SPSS13.0. We observed that: (1) soil respiration began to be restrained when the air temperature was up to 30℃10 cm above the ground surface; (2) the rates of soil respiration under the forests of Populus euphratica were significantly different at various moisture contents, the soil carbon flux was high along the Usyman profile, which has a high soil moisture content, and it was low along the profiles of Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, which has a low soil moisture content; (3) the exponential model can be used to explain the relationship between soil respiration and air temperature 10 cm above the ground surface. The average Q10 values along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday are 0. 61, 0.16, 0. 22 and 0. 35 respectively, much lower than the average of the world; (4) there is a positive correlation between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content.     

高斯束谐振系统对遗迹高频引力波方向的选择效应

高斯束谐振系统为早期宇宙遗留的随机高频引力波的探测开启了一个非常重要的窗口．本文指出,当入射引力波的传播方向与高斯束不同时,高斯束谐振系统产生的一阶扰动光子流将降低几个数量级,即高斯束谐振系统只对沿某一特定方向传播的高频引力波产生响应．因此,高斯束谐振系统对高频引力波的传播方向具有良好的选择效应．     

导叶式旋风管排气管内流动减阻的试验研究

通过对导叶式旋风管内流动参数的测量分析,发现排气管内气流旋转强度高,并存在“滞流”、“倒流”及逆压梯度等无益于颗粒分离的流动状态,造成排气管内压力损失约占旋风管总压降的22%。在排气管内安装框形结构后,可有效削弱和抑制上述耗能流动,在保证分离效率基本不变的前提下,使旋风管减阻幅度达到9%。     

皮托管测量气体流量的列线图

本文通过对皮托管测量空气流量的实验研究,提出了制作列线图的方法,并提供列线图。应用该图,可以直接从U管压差计读数及被测量气体的温度和压力查得流经一定管径管路的空气流速和流量。此法免去了大量繁复的计算,而且作图容易,查图方便,结果可靠。本方法对于不同型号的皮托管、不同管径的管路以及不同的气体同样是可行的。     

区域矿产资源可持续发展流图分析

建立了区域矿产资源的因果关系模型，流量反馈模型及不同开发模式下的状态方程与轨迹，结果表明，状态轨迹不是自然减的指数曲线，也非常见的Ｓ型曲线，而是具有幂函数曲线的特征，但资源的替代方程及发展轨迹与自然界生物竞争具有相似性，是一条组合的准Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ曲线。     

高温超导体Dy_(1-x)Pr_xB_(a2)Cu_3O_(7-δ)的磁弛豫研究

本文通过磁驰豫实验研究发现，Pr的掺杂对提高高温超导体的磁通钉扎能力有明显的作用．     

基于蒙特卡洛仿真的高空尾涡运动特性

飞机在飞行过程中形成的尾涡流场是飞行安全重要影响因素.为研究飞机尾流在12500 m以上高空空域对下方飞机造成的影响,基于尾涡仿真快速计算模型建立了尾涡物理模型,采用蒙特卡洛方法对不同飞行高度处尾涡涡核的下沉高度进行仿真实验,分析了高空与中低空的涡核下沉高度差异性;然后计算不同飞机质量及大气湍流度下的高空尾涡涡核下沉高度,并对高空尾涡涡核下沉高度的影响因素进行分析.研究发现:与中低空相比,高空尾涡涡核下沉高度有所增加,平均增量为42.4～49.7 m;减小飞机质量可以降低垂直高度上的尾涡影响范围;当涡流耗散率超过1.2×10-4 m2/s3后,高空尾涡涡核下沉高度的变化较为缓慢.研究结果为高空尾流垂直间隔缩减研究提供参考.     

自保护药芯焊丝熔敷金属中O、N的控制及其对显微组织和韧性的影响

采用氧氮分析仪、光学显微镜、电子显微镜及电子能谱仪研究了自保护药芯焊丝熔敷金属中O、N含量对夹杂物类型、显微组织及低温冲击韧性的影响规律.结果表明,对于BaF_2-Al-Mg渣系自保护药芯焊丝,药芯中不低于4%的LiF,可有效改善电弧稳定性;同时在电弧区生成Li_3N,降低熔覆金属中的N含量.通过向药芯中加入10%的Fe_2O_3和5%的MnO_2,可将熔敷金属中Al质量分数降低至0.84%,而氧质量分数提高到85×10~(-6),得到以Al_2O_3为主的圆形夹杂,增加晶内异质形核核心,焊缝组织得到细化.通过对O、N含量的有效控制可显著提高熔敷金属的低温韧性.     

曲面积分的拓广——广义曲面积分<1>

给出静电学中计算电通量的一个特殊实例，用极限的思想方法，举例说明了非正常意义下的曲面积分的计算．从而引进对坐标的广义曲面积分的概念，并得出广义曲面积分的一般性结论．