Evidence for metasomatic mantle carbonatitic magma extrusion in Mesoproterozoic ore-hosting dolomite rocks in the middle Kunyang rift, central Yunnan, China

The Kunyang rift lying on the western margin of the Yangtze platform is a rare Precambrian Fe-Cu mineralization zone. Wuding- Lufeng basin that is an important part of the zone is located on the west edge in the middle of the rift. The most important ore-hosting rocks are Mesoproterozoic dolomite rocks in the basin controlled by a ring fracture system, which is a fundamental structure of the basin. Plenty of silicate minerals and acicular apatite, feldspar phenocrysts and small vesicular, flown line and flown plane structures, melt inclusion and high temperature fluid inclusion found in most ore-hosting dolomites suggest that this kind of rocks could not be sedimentary dolomite, marble or hydrothermal carbonate rocks. The Zr/Hf and Nb/Ta values of the rocks are identical with those of associated mantle-derived rocks, and vary widely. For the monomineral dolomite, δ^18OSMOW‰=＋5.99 to ＋18.4 and δ^13CPDB‰ = -3.01 to ＋0.94, which fall within the range for all carbonatitic volcanic rocks of the world. As for the accessory minerals, the values of δ^18OSMOW‰ of magnetite （=＋3.47 to ＋5.99‰） are close to that of the mantle （〈5.7%）, and the δ^34S‰ values of sulfides （-5.09 to ＋5.78, averaging ＋1.50） are close to that of meteorite. For all the ore-bearing dolomite rocks, εNd = ＋0.19 to ＋2.27, and the calculated Isr=0.699143, while for the associated mantle-derived rocks, εnd = ＋3.18 to ＋3.72. All the data suggest that the mineral assemblage is not only igneous but also of metasomatic mantle origin. And the presence of acicular apatite indicates that the rocks were formed by magma rapidly cooling. And the phenocryst texture and vesicular, flown and ropy and pyroclastic structures suggest that the igneous rocks were extrusive. Therefore, the ore-bearing dolomite rocks are carbonatitic volcanic rocks. This conclusion implies that most iron and copper ore deposits hosted in the dolomite rocks should be of the carbonatite type.     

川西坳陷孝-新-合地区须家河组烃源岩地化特征对比及评价

川西坳陷孝泉-新场-合兴场地区须家河组发育大套优质烃源岩．通过一系列有机地球化学分析方法对其各个层段的有机质丰度、有机质类型和有机质成熟度进行了研究对比,认为该区须家河组烃源岩除小塘子-马鞍塘组和须三、须五段主要的烃源岩段较为发育外,须二、须四段也发育相对较好的烃源岩,这些储层段中发育的烃源岩构成了成藏子系统发育的基础;烃源岩有机质丰度高,有机质类型主要为Ⅲ型、部分为Ⅱ,型,有机质成熟度高,且随深度增大各项反映成熟度的指标值均逐渐增大;有机碳含量和成熟度的平面分布除丰谷地区须三段相对最高外,其他层段均表现为西高东低的特征。     

煤巷大厚度泥岩顶板围岩裂隙演化规律数值试验研究

运用数值试验系统,研究了煤巷大厚度泥岩顶板围岩裂隙萌生-扩展-贯通-破坏的演化规律。根据围岩裂隙的分布和演化,结合地质力学与环境条件,揭示出大厚度泥岩顶板垮落是由于煤帮上方的剪张裂隙及顶板上方的水平裂隙所形成的裂隙拱造成的,提出大厚度泥岩顶板煤巷支护的三个主要特点:及时封闭围岩、加大锚杆支护系统刚度、锚杆(索)沿裂隙方向斜向布置。研究结果有利于了解巷道围岩内部破裂的产生和发展规律,为巷道锚固方案的选择和锚固参数的优化提供了依据,可为类似条件矿井的支护提供理论依据与应用性指导。     

贵州乌当地区泥盆系乌当组下部粘土岩成因的初步研究

于贵州乌当地区泥盆系乌当组下部发现了3层粘土岩,运用X射线衍射（XRD）、湿化学法和电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP—MS）等分析方法分别对其矿物组成、主量元素及微量元素含量进行分析。结果显示这3层粘土岩中的粘土矿物主要为蒙脱石和伊利石,同时含少量高岭石。粘土岩的K2O含量范围为5．60％～7．77％,平均值为6．92％,...     

西藏阿翁错盆地古近系牛堡组烃源岩地球化学特征

在西藏阿翁错盆地古近系牛堡组实测剖面的基础上,对烃源岩有机质丰度、有机质类型、有机质成熟度等方面进行研究,结果表明牛堡组烃源岩有机质丰度中等偏低,泥页岩和泥晶灰岩有机碳平均质量分数分别为0.26%和O.15%,泥页岩表现出较差烃源岩特征,泥晶灰岩则表现为中等烃源岩特征.泥页岩有机质类型以Ⅱ1型和Ⅱ2型为主,泥晶灰岩有机...     

1525-2000年强火山喷发与ENSO事件的关系

根据美国Smithsonian研究院的全球火山计划发布火山喷发年表,筛选出1525-2000年强火山喷发(火山喷发指数IVE≥4),并分为强火山喷发(IVE=4)和极强火山喷发(IVE≥5);利用Gergis重建了1525-2000年ENSO 年表,得到不同类型的ENSO 事件,分别对强火山喷发和ENSO 事件进行10a累计统计.对1525-2000年强火山喷发次数和ENSO事件次数进行匹配.结果表明:1525-2000年,强火山喷发出现195次,其中IVE=4的强火山喷发153次,极强火山喷发42次;ENSO 事件出现399次,包括188次厄尔尼诺事件和211次拉尼娜事件.强火山喷发后的ENSO 事件次数明显多于出现前2a内无强火山喷发的ENSO 事件次数,且强火山喷发后的ENSO 事件中厄尔尼诺、拉尼娜次数相当,而出现前2a内无强火山喷发的ENSO 事件中拉尼娜事件明显多于厄尔尼诺事件.强火山喷发后的厄尔尼诺事件出现137次,拉尼娜出现136次,两者出现次数持平.不同强度的火山喷发后,厄尔尼诺事件与拉尼娜事件出现概率基本相等.      

中国含硫化铜镍矿床的超基性岩成因

通过对我国含镍超基性岩矿物学、岩石学、常量元素、稀土元素、锶同位素、硫同位素等几方面成因证据的初步讨论,发现其成矿物质来源于地幔,含矿岩浆是上地幔局部熔融直接产生的,并且是地幔熔融程度较低的结果,其相对富集了钛、铝、钙、钠、钾、稀土、锶及成矿元素等元素。这种含矿岩浆或含镍建造与底辟过程及洋壳无关,而主要分布在稳定大陆地块活动边缘,极少数情况下沿深大断裂侵入到地块内部。硫化铜镍工业富集需要相对稳定的构造环境,构造长期活动,使得含矿岩浆能够上侵到地壳浅部并发生良好的结晶——重力分异作用和硫化物——硅酸盐熔离作用,并进而富集成矿。     

深埋HJ复合型软岩硐室导硐法让压效果研究

通过采用FLAC3D有限差分软件并结合现场实测的方法,对深埋高应力（H）、节理化（J）复合型软岩硐室导硐法施工与支护技术进行了动态模拟与对比研究。工程实践证明,在深埋HJ复合型软岩地质条件下,采用导硐法施工能使围岩中的高应力得到释放,使扩刷后的围岩充分发挥自承能力。本研究为煤矿深部开采过程中类似工程地质条件的硐室施工及支护参数确定提供了可靠依据。     

Geochronology of the Hannan intrusive complex to adjoin the Qinling orogen and its rapid cooling reason

The geochronological works for the Hannan intrusive complex, cosisting of the gabbro-quartz dio-rite-plagiogranite bodies, in the north border of the Yangtze craton block, adjoining the Qinling orogen, are reported, because its age and genesis are of great importance to research of the tectonic evalutional history for the Qinling orogen and of the rifted processes for the Late Proterozoic supercontinent Rodinia. A good isochron of t=(837±26) Ma (2σ), corresponding to INd=0.51165±2(2σ), εNd(t)=+1.9, MSWD1.02, was difined by the Nd isotopic analytical results for the 21 whole-rock samples from the varied lithological complex bodies, but for the Rb-Sr isotopic aralytical data there is no isochron. The 40Ar/39Ar plateau age of the biotite, sorted from plagiogranites, is (796±20) Ma(2σ), and yet for the Rb-Sr isotopic data of the plagiogranite whole-rock samples (WR) and the sorted biotite (Bio), plagioclase (Plag) and apatite (Apt) mineral samples from the plagiogranitewhole-rock samples, an isochron of t=(824.86±3.8) Ma (2σ) with ISr=0.70393±14(2σ), MSWD2.44 is given. The U-Pb isotopic results for the single zircon, sorted from pla-giogranite samples, yielded an upper and a lower intercept ages of -876 Ma and -273 Ma. The Nd isotope data of complex indicate that it is probably the products of crystallization differentiation from the magma with 3333Nd>0 when the rapid uplift in 837-800 Ma took place in the northern border of the Yangtze craton block.     

饱和全风化火山岩填土稳定状态的三轴压缩试验

在重塑试样的三轴压缩实验基础上,对全风化火山岩松散填土的稳定状态进行了分析研究．探讨了试样的相对压实度、初始含水量、应变速率对稳定状态的影响．得出了稳定状态线在vss～logp‘ss平面内不唯一的结论,其位置随上述因素变化．提出了一种归一化方法,在考虑相对压实度、初始含水量效应的情况下可以给出单一的稳定状态线．