电伴热系统的应用与管道温度偏差的控制研究

郑西客运专线西安北站房工程的大部分管道处于室外或半室外空间,在冬季会有冻裂的危险。而电伴热方法可补充管道的热量损失,维持管道的温度,使得管道的温度偏差不会超过规定值,从而避免了管道的冻裂。阐述了电伴热系统的工作原理与特点,介绍了伴热电缆的施工技术。     

Amplitudes, rates, periodicities and causes of temperature variations in the past 2485 years and future trends over the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau

Amplitudes, rates, periodicities, causes and future trends of temperature variations based on tree rings for the past 2485 years on the central-eastern Tibetan Plateau were analyzed. The results showed that extreme climatic events on the Plateau, such as the Medieval Warm Period, Little Ice Age and 20th Century Warming appeared synchronously with those in other places worldwide. The largest amplitude and rate of temperature change occurred during the Eastern Jin Event (343-425 AD), and not in the late 20th century. There were significant cycles of 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a, 110 a and 2-3 a in the 2485-year temperature series. The 1324 a, 800 a, 199 a and 110 a cycles are associated with solar activity, which greatly affects the Earth surface temperature. The long-term trends (>1000 a) of temperature were controlled by the millennium-scale cycle, and amplitudes were dominated by multi-century cycles. Moreover, cold intervals corresponded to sunspot minimums. The prediction indicated that the temperature will decrease in the future until to 2068 AD and then increase again.     

Vegetation effects on mean daily maximum and minimum surface air temperatures over China

Changes in the daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) surface air temperatures and the associated temperature extremes have severe consequences on human society and the natural environment. In this study, we assess vegetation effects on mean Tmax and Tmin over China by computing a vegetation feedback parameter using the satellite-sensed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and observed temperatures for the period 1982–2002. In all seasons, vegetation exerts a much stronger forcing on Tmax than on Tmin, and thus has a substantial effect on the diurnal temperature range (DTR) over China. Significant positive feedbacks on Tmax and the DTR occupy many areas of China with the feedback parameters exceeding 1°C (0.1 NDVI)–1, while significant negative effects only appear over the summertime climatic and ecological transition zone of northern China and some other isolated areas. Also, the vegetation feedbacks are found to vary with season. In areas where significant feedbacks occur, vegetation contributes to typically 10%–30% of the total variances in Tmax, Tmin, and the DTR. These findings suggest that vegetation memory offers the potential for improving monthly-to-seasonal forecasting of Tmax and Tmin, and the associated temperature extremes over China. Meanwhile, the limitations and uncertainties of the study should be recognized.     

综合物探方法在煤矿火烧区探测中的应用

煤层在燃烧过程中,煤层上覆岩石受到高温烘烤,在磁性、导电性和温度等方面物理性质发生显著的变化,为磁法、自然电位法、测温法提供了理论基础。通过实例来说明综合物探方法对确定火烧区范围的有效性,并可优势互补、互相验证,提高物探解释精度。     

浅谈低温对混凝土性能的影响及防治措施

混凝土浇筑时的环境温度、混凝土温度、模板温度等对混凝土质量性能影响很大。在总结低温条件对混凝土质量影响的基础上,认为控制混凝土出模、浇筑的温度和掌握好浇筑后养护对混凝土性能至关重要。     

基于工作记忆内容的注意导向的影响因素

工作记忆内容对视觉搜索中注意选择的影响到底如何,与工作记忆内容匹配的项目是否总是会自动捕获注意,至今仍存在争议。本研究针对前人研究中存在的差异和不足,统一采用"记忆-搜索"双任务范式来探讨搜索任务难度、搜索项目刺激强度以及记忆任务呈现时间对基于工作记忆内容的注意导向的影响。结果发现:当采用困难搜索任务时,干扰条件下被试反应时与中性条件下反应时无显著差异,说明难度会影响工作记忆内容对注意选择的自动导向效应,但这种影响只有在搜索任务难度足够大的情况下才能体现出来。而在本研究中并未发现刺激强度和记忆任务呈现时间这两个因素对基于工作记忆内容的注意导向的影响,即无论刺激强度高低,或记忆任务呈现时间长或短,与工作记忆内容匹配的搜索项目还是会"自动捕获注意",导致干扰条件下被试反应时显著慢于中性条件。     

挤出机温度控制板电路剖析

本文解剖分析英国流涎薄膜生产线EM系统中温度控制板的硬件.温度控制板采用6502 CPU,为微机控制方式.它将热电偶输入的模拟量转换为数字量,经CPU处理、6522接口等电路输出去控制加热体的温度和冷却水的通断.     

冲天炉过热区热交换机理新探

本文通过模拟研究,得出了冲天炉过热区内对铁水的四种传热方式的传热系数。四种传热方式中,焦炭对铁水的接触传热与辐射传热共占85％左右,焦炭表面燃烧温度的高低对热交换有决定性的影响。焦炭表面温度与炉气温度有较大差别,它主要受焦炭性能影响,是衡量铸造用焦炭质量的一项不可替代的综合性指标。