海藻酸钙水凝胶与VAc的接枝共聚反应

研究海藻酸钙水凝胶与乙酸乙烯酸(VAc)的接枝共聚反应的影响因素,探讨引发体系和引发剂的用量、分散剂和单体的用量、反应温度和反应时间对接枝率的影响．当5g的海藻酸钙水凝胶加入4mL质量分数为0．03的聚乙烯醇,在0．28g过硫酸铵引发下,与7mL的醋酸乙烯酸单体在50℃下反应3h,接枝率最大可达1927％．最后,用红外光谱对其结构进行表征．     

改性活性炭合成醋酸乙烯固定床催化剂的实验研究

为提高乙炔气相法合成醋酸乙烯固定床催化剂的效率,增加乙炔气相法固定床工艺合成醋酸乙烯的产量,使用H2O2改进活性炭载体特性的方法,考察了活性炭改性时间、改性温度、改性剂用量对活性炭改性制得的合成醋酸乙烯固定床催化剂生产能力的影响.90℃下,用体积分数30%的H2O2对活性炭改性3 h.结果表明,改性后的活性炭作为催化剂载体的合成醋酸乙烯固定床催化剂的生产能力从1.92 g/(d.mL)提高到2.2 g/(d.mL).     

PVA水凝胶(PVA-H)的干燥与溶胀性能

研究了室温自然干燥和酒精脱水干燥对于干态PVA水凝胶在30℃的蒸馏水中2次溶胀性能的影响.结果表明,用酒精脱水干燥的PVA水凝胶的2次溶胀度大于在室温自然干燥的PVA水凝胶的2次溶胀度.对湿态PVA水凝胶未进行干燥处理前先进行1次溶胀后,再用同一种干燥方法处理2种试样,结果表明,经过1次溶胀的PVA水凝胶在2种干燥条件下的2次溶胀度均大于未经过1次溶胀的PVA水凝胶的2次溶胀度.     

水体中氯乙烯O3/H2O2氧化降解及其动力学

应用停止流动(Stopped—flow)光谱仪反应器研究了水体中氯乙烯在298K和pH为3—11时的化学氧化(O3／H2O2)降解及其动力学,通过理论分析,建立了有机污染物降解过程的动力学模型;通过对实验数据的回归分析,获得了反应动力学常数,实验结果与理论模型基本吻合．     

聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮对萘普生片释放度的影响

采用自由基溶液聚合方法制得聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）和聚丙烯酸（PAA）均聚物．将PVP和PAA简单混合制备物理混合物,通过旋转蒸发法制备PAA／PVP复合物,分别以PVP、PAA均聚物、物理混合物、复合物为载体制备药物（以萘普生为模型药物）片剂,采用固体分散技术制备以PAA、PVP为载体的萘普生片．考察这些药片在人工胃液和人工肠液中的释放度,以研究它们输送药物的特性．结果表明：与PVP、PAA均聚物和物理混合物相比,PAA／PVP复合物作为药物载体能使萘普生具有肠溶包衣片的性质;而且提高载体中PAA的比例可使萘普生的释放速率减缓．     

心肌灌注显像剂99mTc-替曲膦的制备与应用

亚磷酸三乙酯与1,2二-溴乙烷的加成产物经L iA lH4还原得乙二膦,后者与乙烯基乙醚发生加成反应生成1,2双-[双(2乙-氧基乙基)膦基]乙烷(替曲膦),这是一种新型的心肌灌注显像剂99mT c替-曲膦的配体,产物及中间产物经IR、1H-NMR、M S得到确证。用SnC l2将99mT cO-4还原成[99mT cO2] 后与替曲膦反应得到99mT c替-曲膦,其放射化学纯度为93%。临床使用表明:制得的99mT c替-曲膦能够满足临床显像要求,且标记简便。     

13CNMR法研究乙烯基类单体与胶原蛋白水解多肽的接枝共聚反应

通过比较胶原蛋白丙烯酸水解物、乙烯基类单体均聚物、共聚物及其与多肽接枝共聚物的13CNMR谱图,证明在以过硫酸铵为引发剂时乙烯基类单体确实与胶原蛋白水解多肽发生接枝共聚反应.在δ为69.6～69.8及44.1～44.5处出现接枝共聚特征吸收.并对其反应历程进行推测.     

Preparation of Antibacterial Electrospun PVA/Regenerated Silk Fibroin Nanofibrous Composite Containing Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride as a Wound Dressing

Electrospinning technique was used for the fabrication of poly （ vinyl alcohol ） （ PVA ） / regenerated silk fibrnin （ SF ） composite nanofibers, loaded with ciprofloxacin HCI （CipHCI） as a wound dressing. Electrospun PVA/SF/CipHCI composite nanofibers were stabilized against dissolving in water by heating in an oven at 155℃ for 5 min. Incorporation of CipHCi into electrospun nanofibers was confirmed by SEM and FT.IR spectra. Further the mechanical properties test illustrated that the addition of CipHCI enhanced the mechanical properties of PVA and PVA/SF nanofibers. The antibacterial activities against Escherichia coU （E. coli ） （ gram-negative ） and Staphylococcus aureus （ S. aureus ） （gram-positive） organisms were evaluated by disk diffusion method; and results suggested that electrospun PVA/CipHCI and PVA/SF/ CipHCI composite nanofibers showed a remarkable antibacterial activity.     

Influences of poly (vinyl alcohol) molecular weight and carbon nanotubes on radiation crosslinking shape memory polymers

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) of two molecular weights was used to prepare shape memory polymers based on chemical-crosslinking by glutaraldehyde. The chemical-crosslinking was done in the presence of 2-carboxyethyl acrylate oligomers (CEA) and nano-filler [multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and functionalized carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-NH2)] followed by radiation-induced crosslinking. The analysis of the material revealed an increase in the gel fraction and a significant reduction in swelling of the nanocomposite material that was crosslinked with both glutaraldehyde and ionizing radiation. The radiation crosslinked nanocomposites demonstrated approximately a 90% gelation over a range of 50–300 kGy irradiation doses. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed a homogeneous distribution of nanocomposites in the composite matrix. The thermal properties of radiation crosslinked (PVA/CEA) and (PVA-CEA)-nano-fillers were investigated by a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The mechanical properties were examined via dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) which showed significant variation because of the addition of nanocomposites. This radiation crosslinked materials show good shape memory behavior that may be useful in many applications based on the range of temperatures at which Tan δ appears.     

PVC/MBS共混物紫外光交联与降解研究Ⅰ. PVC/MBS共混物紫外光解脱HCl反应动力学研究

利用紫外可见光谱研究了PVC／MBS共混体系紫外光解脱HCl动力学。PVC在紫外光照下脱HCl产生共轭双键(CD=CH)n，n值越大的共轭双键数量越少。随着MBS加入量的增加，生成共轭双键的速率降低，表明MBS有抑制PVC脱HCl的作用。