河台韧性剪切带型金矿床成矿作用地球化学研究

河台韧性剪切带型金矿床产于糜梭岩之中。石英中包裹体成分及氢、氧和碳同位素研究揭示,成矿流体为雨水和变质流体的混合体,富硫和碳,早期成矿流体主要为变质作用、混合岩化和花岗岩化作用过程中产生的变质流体,成矿晚期有大量雨水参与;流体成分以 K~ 、Na~ 、HCO_3~-、SO_4~=、CO、CO_2、CH_4和水为主.硫、铅同位素研究揭明,金等成矿物质来源于云开群上亚群.结合地层中金丰度和区域性金分布研究得出,在变质作用、混合岩化和花岗岩化作用过程中,矿源层中金发生明显活化转移,并在构造扩容带聚集成矿.     

南秦岭西亚带碳硅泥岩型铀矿化与沉积环境分析

碳硅泥岩型铀矿为沉积内生型,具有明显的层控特征,沉积相与铀矿化关系往往是碳硅泥岩型铀矿床的研究重点.南秦岭西亚带碳硅泥岩型铀矿床的成因类型主要为沉积-热液叠加改造型,赋矿层位仅局限于中、下志留统炭硅质、泥质的富铀地层中.通过对研究区区域地质背景,沉积环境以及有利沉积相对铀成矿的控制作用研究,指出碳酸岩台地中发育的水下坳陷相整体控制着铀矿化的分布,而坳陷相中发育的硅灰岩透镜体是铀矿化定位的前提.     

柴达木盆地三湖坳陷浅层生物气成藏模式分析

柴达木盆地三湖地区第四系浅层生物气一直被认为完全是由第四系腐殖型有机质生成的.最新研究结果表明:(1)第四系生物气藏探明储量与源岩条件之间不匹配;(2)高分辨率地震剖面特征表明三湖坳陷气田区域第四系发育了大量的气烟囱;(3)生物气组分特征表明有热成因气混入的可能性;(4)乙烷等重烃气碳同位素特征表明三湖坳陷第四系气藏有腐泥型生物气混入;(5)三湖坳陷上第三系狮子沟组发育偏腐泥型有机质.笔者认为第四系浅层生物气藏的形成机理比较复杂,包括“下生上储”和“自生自储”两种模式,第四系的浅生物气由上第三系狮子沟组生物气与第四系生物气混合而成.     

北天山七角井南部石英斑岩发育特征及其找矿意义：来自综合物探测量的证据

北天山七角井南部地区位于北天山造山带博格达－哈尔里克裂谷南缘,是准噶尔－巴尔喀什火山岩型铀成矿带的重要组成部分。铀矿化主要赋存于受北东向构造控制的晚二叠世石英斑岩裂隙带中,或者石英斑岩外接触带砂岩、凝灰质砂岩中,以及断裂构造破碎蚀变带中,因此,厘定石英斑岩空间展布特征对扩大深部矿化规模具有重要意义。选择音频大地电磁测量与地面高精度磁测相结合的物探方法,对该地区的石英斑岩进行探测,采用Rubust阻抗估算技术、二维有限元差分法的电磁数值模拟技术、非线性共轭梯度法的电磁反演技术、2.5D地磁异常反演技术等进行综合研究,结合地质背景,大致查明了石英斑岩深部发育情况。研究结果表明：晚二叠世石英斑岩沿北东向断裂构造破碎带呈裂隙式侵入,呈狭长线性带状分布,自西向东,石英斑岩深部规模呈下窄上宽→下宽上窄变化的形态。受北西向构造挤压抬升作用影响较大,石英斑岩被抬升并剥蚀,西部岩体破碎更强烈。结合钻孔验证情况,分析推断铀成矿有利区有2片,为下一步铀矿勘查工作提供了依据。     

不同稀释剂中二苯亚砜萃取铀(Ⅵ)的研究

研究了不同稀释剂中二苯亚砜对铀（Ⅵ）的萃取,其萃取能力在不同稀释剂中按苯＞甲苯＞四氯化碳＞氯仿的顺序变化,求出了萃取反应的焓变,并建立了萃取平衡常数与稀释剂物理参数间的经验方程．     

Climatic significance of stable carbon isotope in tree rings of Abies spectabibis in southeastern Tibet

The annually cross-dated stable carbon isotope of tree-ring a-cellulose of Abies spectabibis collected from the southeastern Tibetan Plateau is used to examine its rela-tionship with climatic parameters. The residual D13C series in treerings is constructed after removing the effects of age trend and rising CO2. We found a close relationship between D13C in tree rings and the relative humidity of September—November of the previous year measured at the nearby Ny-ingchi Meteorological Station, albeit a strong 搇agged effect? Thus we developed a transfer function to reconstruct the autumn relative humidity for the Nyingchi region, which explained 37.9% of the total variance (p < 0.001). Our results suggest a high frequency and moderate amplitude variance of the relative humidity before 1800, and the variance re-versed afterwards.     

Grenvillian orogeny in the Southern Cathaysia Block: Constraints from U-Pb ages and Lu-Hf isotopes in zircon from metamorphic basement

Metamorphic basement rocks in the Cathaysia Block are composed mainly of meta-sediments with different ages. New zircon U-Pb geochronological results from the meta-sedimentary rocks exposed in the Zengcheng and Hezi areas, southern Cathaysia Block, show that they consist dominantly of early Neoproterozoic （1.0-0.9 Ga） materials with minor Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic and late Neoproterozoic （0.8-0.6 Ga） components, suggesting that the detritus mostly come from a Grenvillian orogen. The youngest detrital zircon ages place a constraint on the deposition time of these sediments in Late Neoproterozoic. Zircon Hf isotopic compositions indicate that the Grenvillian zircons were derived from the reworking of Mesoproterozoic arc magmatic rocks and Paleoproterozoic continental crust, implying an arc-continent collisional setting. Single-peak age spectra and the presence of abundant euhedral Grenvillian zircons suggest that the sedimentary provenance is not far away from the sample location. Thus, the Grenvillian orogen probably preexisted along the southern margin of the Cathaysia Block, or very close to the south. Similarity in the ages of Grenvillian orogeny and the influence of the assembly of Gondwana in South China with India and East Antarctic are discussed, with suggestion that South China was more likely linked with the India-East Antarctica continents in Early Neoproterozoic rather than between western Laurentia and eastern Australia.     

Simulations of seasonal variations of stable water isotopes in land surface process model CLM

In this study, we simulated and analyzed the monthly variations of stable water isotopes in different reservoirs at Manaus, Brazil, using the Community Land Model （CLM） that incorporates stable isotopic effects as a diagnostic tool for understanding stable water isotopic processes, filling the observational data gaps and predicting hydrometeorological processes. The simulation results show that the δ^18O values in precipitation, vapor and surface runoff have distinct seasonality with the marked negative correlations with corresponding water amount. Compared with the survey results by the International Atomic Energy Agency （IAEA） in co-operation with the World Meteorological Organization （WMO）, the simulations by CLM reveal the similar temporal distributions of the δ^18O in precipitation. Moreover, the simulated amount effect between monthly δ^18O and monthly precipitation amount, and MWL （meteoric water line） are all close to the measured values. However, the simulated seasonal difference in the δ^18O in precipitation is distinctly smaller than observed one, and the simulated temporal distribution of the δ^18O in precipitation displays the ideal bimodal seasonality rather than the observed single one. These mismatches are possibly related to the simulation capacity and the veracity in forcing data.     

热液铀矿床铀富集的物理化学因素

通过实验地球化学方法,得出影响热液铀矿床铀沉淀的5个主要因素:温度、静压力、流体成分、溶液pH值和溶液Eh值。利用矿物包裹体气体成分热力学计算对比,得出富矿床成矿期与成矿前的溶液pH值显著降低(△pH大);fH2,fCH4和αu较高(10-2～10-4mol/l);富含Ca2+离子;具较小过饱和度、正温度梯度、少杂质(矿化度小);适当脱碳酸或CO2(促使铀沉淀和铀硅分离),相对封闭稳定、成矿温度稍高的环境等是值得重视的对成矿有利的环境。     

五台山晚太古代花岗岩的成因及其动力学意义

五台山晚太古代花岗岩（～2.540 Ga）,主要由花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩、少量的英云闪长岩、奥长花岗岩组成,全岩化学分析表明它们具有中～高钾钙碱性花岗质岩浆性质,LILE富集和高的 w(Rb)/w(Sr) (即: Rb/Sr)比值,相对较低的 w(Sr)/w(Y)、w(La)_n/w(Yb)_n、w(Nb)/w(Ta) 和 w(Zr)/w(Hf) 比值,右斜式稀土配分模式,Nb、Ta、Ti亏损,但是它们均表现了Nd T_DM＝2.54～2.72 Ga和明显的正ε_Nd(t)值。这些地球化学特征表明其钙碱性花岗质岩浆形成于晚太古代大洋岛弧环境,来源于弧下玄武质初生地壳的部分熔融,并经历了一定程度的结晶分异。由于晚太古代洋壳向大洋岛弧俯冲、脱水,引起上覆地幔楔的部分熔融形成弧下初生地壳玄武质物质,这些弧下玄武质物质在少于37km环境下部分熔融形成五台山晚太古代钙碱性花岗质岩浆。