利用极小割计算随机流网络可靠度的一种算法

对随机流网络可靠度的计算问题进行了研究.提出了网络元件(边和结点)容量下确界的概念,在求基于每个极小割集的每个元件的容量向量时,对其满足的约束条件进行了改进,使其可行解集合大大减小.同时给出了两个引理,根据这两个引理,使得求基于极小割集的所有d-上界点变得非常简单,从而得到了一个计算随机流网络最大流量不少于给定需求流量d+1的可靠度的有效算法.最后,通过实例验证了该方法的有效性.     

Participatory Sustainability Impact Assessment: Scientific Policy Advice as a Social Learning Process

This paper deals with the development of scientific policy advice by providing a methodology to foster a social learning process. The methodology, called participatory Sustainability Impact Assessment (pSIA), aims to structure complex problem situations, to clarify interests and basic assumptions, to interpret scientific studies, to develop impact assessment, and to explore sensitivity of uncertainty and lack of information. In pSIA workshops the participants are supposed to build conceptual models with different modelling methods, like System Dynamics, Value Chain Analysis, and Morphological Analysis. A case study is presented that describes a workshop series with political as well as academic actors, applying the pSIA approach to an impact assessment of Economic Partnership Agreements between the European Union and the Eastern and Southern Africa Region.

具有对偶极点的不稳定过程的鲁棒控制

为了进一步完善不稳定系统的鲁棒控制器设计方法,将具有对偶极点的不稳定过程分成纯不稳定过程与一般的稳定过程两部分,对于纯不稳定过程采用先成形再镜像映射的方法,而对于一般的稳定过程则基于极点对消原则直接设计控制器,最后用闭环增益成形算法求解鲁棒控制器。将所设计的鲁棒控制器应用于磁浮列车的悬浮控制中,从仿真结果可以看出,控制效果可以达到小超调(<8%)、无静差、调节时间快(<0.1 s)、对模型摄动具有鲁棒稳定性。     

平顺移动模式下考虑加工时间与调整时间可分离的多目标流水车间批量调度

对平行顺序移动模式下考虑加工时间与调整时间可分离的多目标流水车间批量调度问题展开研究.构建以加工制造设备总停机次数、批量工件生产周期以及搬运批量工件的总次数为决策目标的基于分层序列法的多目标决策模型,利用该模型可确定批量工件的最优加工排序方案.建立平行顺序移动模式的加工与调整时间模型,该模型是求解生产周期的基础,也是为批量工件的最优调度方案制定生产作业计划的依据.提出并设计平行顺序移动模式下考虑加工时间与调整时间可分离的禁忌搜索算法对问题进行求解.研究结果表明:本研究可为平顺移动模式下考虑加工时间与调整时间可分离的批量生产流水车间选出批量工件的最优调度方案,同时可为批量工件的加工和加工制造设备的调整制定精确的生产作业计划.     

Energy flows in complex ecological systems: a review

Energy flow drives the complex systems to evolve. The allometric scaling as the universal energy flow pattern has been found in different scales of ecological systems. It reflects the general power law relationship between flow and store. The underlying mechanisms of energy flow patterns are explained as the branching transportation networks which can be regarded as the result of systematic optimization of a biological target under constraints. Energy flows in the ecological system may be modelled by the food web model and population dynamics on the network. This paper reviews the latest progress on the energy flow patterns, explanatory models for the allometric scaling and modelling approach of flow and network evolution dynamics in ecology. Furthermore, the possibility of generalizing these flow patterns, modelling approaches to other complex systems is discussed. This research is supported by Guozhi Xu Post Doctoral Research Foundation and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60574068.     

宁夏银北灌区水资源优化配置模型及应用

以宁夏银北灌区为例,基于大系统分解协调原理建立了地表水地下水联合运用的递阶优化模型.子系统优化模型采用增量动态规划法求解,协调层利用目标协调法和关联预估法实现全局最优,获得不同约束方案下的时段最优引黄水量、井灌水量、井排水量和运行费用.所建模型及求解方法弥补了以往水资源配置模型只考虑地下水垂向运动,忽略水平运动的不足, 改善了模型的仿真性和决策的可靠性.     

Model and algorithm of flow interception problem with multi-type of flows

To study simultaneous location of different kinds of facilities, a new model of flow interception problem with multi-type of flows is proposed, with the consideration of multi-purpose flows and the influence of facilities on each other. To be more practical, the objective is to maximize the benefits from flow-by customers instead of maximizing flows in the past. Since this problem is NP-hard and there is no optimal solution for large network, greedy and improved greedy heuristic algorithms are proposed. A computational example is presented to show that the optimal location decisions are proved to be strongly dependent on the influence coefficients and average profits by one customer and different types of facilities are almost co-located. Finally the results of sensitivity analysis are reported.     

多联机室内机制冷剂管网流量分配仿真模型

针对多联机室内机制冷剂管网中制冷剂流量分配不均,将流体网络理论应用于包含蒸发器、管段、电子膨胀阀、三通等单相、两相制冷剂的复杂管网系统,按照管网拓补结构连接各个部件模型,得到了5台室内机及连接管构成的管网的稳态仿真模型;针对流阻的非线性特点设计了以每两个相邻环路压降之差小于50Pa作为控制条件的迭代算法,根据流阻分配各个环路流量直至管网达到压强平衡.该模型可以研究、评价制冷剂流量分配不均程度,为解决多联机流量分配不均提供理论依据.     

考虑OD需求变异的网络交通流演化模型

考虑到新进入网络的交通需求不了解路径的完备信息,可能随机地选择出行路径,提出一个改进的网络交通流演化模型,并分析了该模型及其不动点的一些特性. 该模型不动点不是传统意义下的用户均衡态或部分用户均衡态,它能更好地反映现实中交通流分配结果. 格子网络上完成的数值模拟结果表明,模型可用来近似刻画实现用户均衡态的过程, 模型中初始可行路径流量可以为零, 交通流能够收敛到不动点, 但可能存在多个不动点.     

基于深度学习的节假日高速公路交通流预测方法

准确的预测节假日期间高速公路交通流量,能够为节假日高速公路应急管理提供重要的数据基础。利用深度学习的理论框架建立了LSTM-SVR 预测模型,利用BP 神经网络对样本数据进行处理,再将LSTM 捕获的数据特征输入SVR 回归层中实现交通流预测。选取“ 十一” 黄金周前后时段,利用位于丽江市的交调站流量监测数据对LSTM-SVR 模型进行验证,并将LSTM-SVR 模型与其它模型预测效果进行对比。发现LSTM-SVR 模型在节假日不同时段、天气、流量状态下的高速公路交通流预测中有较好的适用性。