纯电动汽车驱动电动机系统效率模型的试验

为了在工况变换控制过程中,实现基于电动机系统最佳效率的优化控制,构建了电动机系统效率与转速及转矩之间的关系式.由实车测得的数据,确定了研究工况的范围,在电动机加载试验台上对电动机系统效率特性进行了测试,结果显示被测驱动电动机系统效率η>80%的区域面积占整个测试区域范围的77.1%.基于最小二乘法,对电动机系统效率进行曲面拟合,综合考虑拟合结果的精度及运算工作量,确定采用4次函数构建电动机系统效率模型;利用驱动电动机外特性部分工况点测试结果对模型进行了验证.结果表明:模型计算值与实测值的最大相对误差为3.9%,建立的模型是有效的,该模型能够为在整车控制器中制定基于电动机系统最佳效率的优化控制策略提供依据.     

农用运输车实际道路油耗特征研究

利用SEMTECH-DS车载测试系统,选择3辆农用运输车进行实际道路车载测试,获得测试车辆速度和CO2、CO、NOx、HC等气态污染物逐秒排放数据.基于碳平衡原理计算得到测试车辆油耗因子,测试车辆平均百公里油耗为2.84 L,CO2、CO、NOx和HC基于油耗平均排放因子分别为3 022.7 g.kg-1、127.6 g.kg-1、58.1 g.kg-1和11.4 g.kg-1.对工况与油耗之间的关联进行解析,结果表明:油耗速率随速度、加速度的增加而升高;百公里油耗随速度增加总体呈下降趋势,随加速度增加而升高;加速运行模式下的油耗速率和百公里油耗最高,匀速次之;油耗速率与VSP呈现很好的相关规律.     

基于地图建立的无人地面车路径规划

 提出一种同时完成地图建立与路径规划的算法。该算法为两层控制结构,其上层实现子目标点的生成,下层完成局部路径规划及运动控制。根据系统实时性的要求,以N个系统周期为触发条件执行子目标点生成程序。其中无人地面车通过传感器不断获取环境信息并进行处理,完成网格占据方式的地图建立与实时更新;将地图建立的结果作为数据输入,利用A*路径规划算法生成子目标点。根据子目标点生成结果,在每个系统周期内,通过基于模糊控制的底层快速算法完成无人地面车到子目标点的运动控制。以Pioneer 3-AT型无人地面车为试验平台在未知的复杂环境中对该算法进行验证,取得了良好的地图建立和路径规划效果,证明了该算法具有良好的实时性和准确性。     

Modeling for UAV resource scheduling under mission synchronization

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) resource scheduling means to allocate and aggregate the available UAV resources depending on the mission requirements and the battlefield situation assessment. In previous studies, the models cannot reflect the mission synchronization; the targets are treated respectively,which results in the large scale of the problem and high computational complexity. To overcome these disadvantages, a model for UAV resource scheduling under mission synchronization is proposed, which is based on single-objective non-linear integer programming. And several cooperative teams are aggregated for the target clusters from the available resources. The evaluation indices of weapon allocation are referenced in establishing the objective function and the constraints for the issue. The scales of the target clusters are considered as the constraints for the scales of the cooperative teams to make them match in scale. The functions of the intersection between the "mission time-window" and the UAV "arrival time-window" are introduced into the objective function and the constraints in order to describe the mission synchronization effectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed expanded model can meet the requirement of mission synchronization, guide the aggregation of cooperative teams for the target clusters and control the scale of the problem effectively.     

多智能体并行仿真框架

多智能体仿真具有广泛的应用前景。但是,现有的多智能体仿真和并行仿真无法解决数量庞大且具有复杂动力学特性的智能体仿真,因此研究这类多智能体的有效仿真具有重要的意义。为了能够有效仿真这类系统,设计了一个两层的多智能体并行仿真框架,指出了该框架中面临的挑战。除此之外,针对仿真中提高仿真效率的挑战,作者提出了一种加快仿真速度的方法。实验结果表明该方法可以明显提高仿真效率。     

新建住宅小区人车分流设计的应用——以太原市大井峪村改造详细规划为例

结合太原市大井峪村改造详细规划,分析了目前小区交通组织形式的多样性,探讨了人车分流设计手法在住宅小区中的应用问题。     

Identification of dynamic model parameters for lithium-ion batteries used in hybrid electric vehicles

An electrical equivalent circuit model for lithium-ion batteries used for hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) is presented. The model has two RC networks characterizing battery activation and concentration polarization process. The parameters of the model are identified using combined experimental and extended Kalman filter (EKF) recursive methods. The open-circuit voltage and ohmic resistance of the battery are directly measured and calculated from experimental measurements, respectively. The rest of the coupled dynamic parameters, i.e. the RC network parameters, are estimated using the EKF method. Experimental and simulation results are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed circuit model and parameter identification techniques for simulating battery dynamics.     

模糊神经网络在车辆识别中的应用

为提高智能交通系统中汽车车型自动识别的正确率,采用了多传感器移动车辆识别系统的数据融合算法,即用模糊神经网络建立数据融合决策模型,用BP算法对网络进行学习和训练,提高系统的精度和智能化.仿真实验结果表明了算法的有效性.     

A study on equivalent circuit model of lead-acid battery for electric vehicles

A 100Ah@42V lead-acid battery package for electric vehicles are used for study. The hybrid pulse test is applied to the battery package to acquire enough data, by which the partnership for a new generation of vehicles (PNGV) equivalent circuit model parameters are identified by the least square method. Then, the PNGV model is verified under two conditions, i.e., the composite pulse excitation and the constant-current respectively. The corresponding maximum relative errors of output voltage are less than 3% and 3.5%. Results show that the present PNGV equivalent circuit model and verification method is effective, which can satisfy requirement of simulation of power system of electric vehicles.     

高速无人艇的运动建模及其视景仿真

为探讨基于喷水推进方式的无人艇运动建模及其视景仿真方法,根据船舶操纵性和快艇动力学的基本理论,建立无人艇的动力学模型,并根据喷水推进器的倒车原理,提出分流系数法来分析喷嘴和倒车斗的受力,推导出相应的表达式,建立无人艇的六自由度操纵性数学模型.设计基于该模型的无人艇视景仿真的体系结构,并进行各种操纵性运动的仿真试验.结果表明,该运动模型能够较好地反映无人艇在海洋环境中的操纵性.