Attenuation of ultraviolet radiation reaching the surface due to atmospheric aerosols in Guangzhou

The UV attenuation due to atmospheric aerosols in Guangzhou was quantitatively assessed using surface ultraviolet radiation (UV,295-385 nm) observation,sun photometer and radiation models.Observations showed that the annual average value of aerosol optical depth (AOD) was 1.19 in UV spectral region of 340 nm,the annual average occurrence frequency of aerosol optical depth AOD 340 nm >1.0 was 55%,and the annual average attenuation rate of surface UV direct radiation of 340 nm was 68%.It was proven in the observation of surface UV radiation and model evaluation that annual average attenuation of UV due to atmosphere was 75%,and that reached 72% in the dry season (October,November,December and January);while average attenuation of UV due to atmospheric aerosols reached 62% in the dry season.It was indicated that very significant UV attenuations due to atmospheric aerosols existed in Guangzhou urban agglomeration,and at least half of UV radiation was attenuated due to atmospheric aerosols.Such large-amplitude attenuation will have a significant impact on urban ecosystem and species chemical cycles,especially photochemical reaction processes.     

PU延迟性催化剂的合成与应用

实验合成了酸封闭延迟性催化剂,并采用实时粘度测试仪、熟化速度测试仪等手段对三乙烯二胺-异辛酸体系（C2）和三乙烯二胺-甲酸体系（C3）的延迟性催化剂的催化过程和材料物理性能进行了研究。研究结果表明：C2和C3是一种有效的延迟性催化剂,在反应初期显著降低体系粘度,提高体系的流动性能;在反应后期明显加快熟化速度,提高生产效率。C2和C3会降低材料的物理性能,其中C2对材料的物理性能的损伤比C3小。C3严重破坏了材料的耐水解性能。     

人口老龄化对景德镇市经济社会发展影响的积极因素探析

景德镇市在面临资源枯竭、发展转型的历史性难题的同时,人口发展也进入老龄化时期。人口老龄化除给景德镇市发展带来挑战外,其中也蕴含着积极因素。准确分析和把握人口老龄化带来的发展机遇与挑战,对制定正确的经济社会发展政策,实现景德镇市发展顺利转型、谱写新的历史华章具有重要的战略意义。     

时效前冷变形对Cu-3.0Ni-0.64Si合金性能的影响研究

探讨了时效前冷变形对Cu-3.0Ni-0.64Si合金抗拉强度及导电率的影响规律,并分析了时效后合金的显微组织。结果表明,Cu-3.0Ni-0.64Si合金时效前最佳冷变形量为80%,经过时效处理温度480℃,保温时间3.5 h后,合金电导率最高达到50.8%IACS,抗拉强度达到603.18 MPa。     

当代孝文化的局限及发展

社会经济的快速发展,家庭模式的进一步核心化,特别是独生子女政策的实施,使得家庭养老功能进一步被极大削弱,家庭已经无法承担完全性的赡养责任。然而,当代孝文化及相应的法律法规依然强调家庭的养老责任以及子女的绝对赡养义务,这使得家庭及子女面临更多的现实挑战及制约。     

高温老化对粘土降滤失剂体系滤失作用研究

考察了高温老化对降滤失剂SMPFL与钠蒙脱土Na-MMT复配体系的滤失性能及影响规律,通过体系黏度、红外光谱、SEM及Zeta电位等考察了体系的高温失稳机理。老化前SMPFL在Na-MMT表面的吸附造成颗粒Zeta电势、水化膜厚度以及颗粒间斥力增加,而且使颗粒在泥饼中松散堆积增大了泥饼渗透率,滤失量的降低主要原因是体系黏度的增高;虽然高温造成Na-MMT/SMPFL体系滤失量增大,但老化后SMPFL仍具有良好的控滤失性能。高温老化造成Na-MMT与SMPFL间氢键作用力减弱,加速聚合物从颗粒表面的脱附、减小颗粒水化膜厚度,而且导致SMPFL的水解。与老化前相比,老化后体系滤失量的降低主要原因是泥饼渗透率的降低。     

基于表观黏度的新疆岩沥青改性沥青的老化动力性能研究

本文通过室内模拟老化试验,探究了不同老化条件下基质沥青和新疆岩沥青改性沥青表观黏度的变化规律,以黏度为参数建立了老化动力学模型,求得老化反应活化能和老化反应总速率等动力学参数。研究表明：短期老化过程中两种沥青的表观黏度呈指数增长;改性沥青具有更低的反应速率和更高的活化能;所建立模型的计算值与实测值相关性较高;能够准确的表征新疆岩沥青改性沥青和基质沥青老化过程中表观黏度的变化规律。     

应用于22nm及以下节点的极紫外光刻胶研究进展

极紫外光刻(EUVL)是最有希望用于22 nm及以下节点的下一代光刻技术,光刻胶的性能与工艺是其关键技术之一。EUV光刻胶应同时满足高分辨率、低线边缘粗糙度和高灵敏度的要求。回顾了应用于22 nm及以下技术节点的EUV光刻胶的发展现状和面临的挑战,介绍了EUVL对光刻胶的基本要求以及分辨率、线边缘粗糙度(LER)和灵敏度之间的平衡关系,阐述了LER的形成机理尤其是LER的降低,从产酸剂、吸收增强、分子尺寸的缩小、酸扩增、酸的各向异性扩散等材料设计方面总结了可能的光刻胶性能改进方案,探讨了EUV光刻胶未来的主要研究方向。     

Processing and characterization of the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al6061–TiB2 composite

In the present research, aluminum metal matrix composites were processed by the stir casting technique. The effects of TiB2 rein-forcement particles, severe plastic deformation through accumulative roll bonding (ARB), and aging treatment on the microstructural charac-teristics and mechanical properties were also evaluated. Uniaxial tensile tests and microhardness measurements were conducted, and the micro-structural characteristics were investigated. Notably, the important problems associated with cast samples, including nonuniformity of the rein-forcement particles and high porosity content, were solved through the ARB process. At the initial stage, particle-free zones, as well as particle clusters, were observed on the microstructure of the composite. However, after the ARB process, fracturing phenomena occurred in brittle ceramic particles, followed by breaking down of the fragments into fine particles as the number of rolling cycles increased. Subsequently, com-posites with a uniform distribution of particles were produced. Moreover, the tensile strength and microhardness of the ARB-processed com-posites increased with the increase in the reinforcement mass fraction. However, their ductility exhibited a different trend. With post-deforma-tion aging treatment (T6), the mechanical properties of composites were improved because of the formation of fine Mg2Si precipitates.     

厦门市老年体育工作的现状及对策

对厦门市老年体育工作的政策保障、经费来源、组织与指导、城乡结对共建、宣传和对外交流方面的调研发现,厦门市老年体育工作存在着各行业老体协服务功能退化,健身辅导员和社会体育指导员未能发挥应有作用,社区老年人体育场地设施使用受限、利用率较低,专业服务人员少、相关科研机构缺失,缺乏非政府组织的积极参与等问题。为实现"健康老龄化"的目标,厦门市应加大对体育非政府组织的指导,加强社区对老年体育的组织、协调、管理、凝聚、整合和服务功能,建立各级社会体育健身指导员的考核奖惩、登记注册等制度,开放社区教育系统体育场地,树立示范老年体育指导站(点),提升服务老年体育工作的专业水平和能力,加强对老年人体育健身活动的科学指导。