Sonochemical synthesis of nanostructured nickel hydroxide as an electrode material for improved electrochemical energy storage application

A facile and fast approach for the synthesis of a nanostructured nickel hydroxide(Ni(OH)_2) via sonochemical technique is reported in the present study. The X-ray diffraction results confirmed that the synthesized Ni(OH)_2 was oriented in β-phase of hexagonal brucite structure. The nanostructured Ni(OH)_2 electrode exhibited the maximum specific capacitance of 1256 F/g at a current density of 200 mA/g in 1 M KOH_((aq)). Ni(OH)_2 electrodes exhibited the pseudocapacitive behavior due to the presence of redox reaction. It also exhibited long-term cyclic stability of 85% after 2000 cycles, suggesting that the nanostructured Ni(OH)_2 electrode will play a promising role for high performance supercapacitor application.     

Development of liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding for AZ31 magnesium alloy joints

A liquid-nitrogen-cooling friction stir spot welding (C-FSSW) technology was developed for welding AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets. The liquid-nitrogen cooling degraded the deformability of the welded materials such that the width of interfacial cracks increased with increasing cooling time. The grain size of the stirred zone (SZ) and the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the C-FSSW-welded joints decreased, whereas that of the thermomechanically affected zone (TMAZ) increased with increasing cooling time. The maximum tensile shear load of the C-FSSW-welded joints welded with a cooling time of 5 or 7 s was larger than that of the friction stir spot welding (FSSW)-welded joint, and the tensile shear load decreased with increasing cooling time. The microhardness of the C-FSSW-welded joints was greater than that of the FSSW-welded joint. Moreover, the microhardness of the SZ and the HAZ of the C-FSSW-welded joints increased, whereas that of the TMAZ decreased, with increasing cooling time.     

MgFeSiO_4 prepared via a molten salt method as a new cathode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries

Well-crystallized MgFeSiO4 microparticles were synthesized at different temperatures by a simple molten salt method using KCl flux. As a new cathode for rechargeable magnesium batteries,the material shows a reversible Mg2+ intercalation-deintercalation process. In 0.25 mol/L Mg(AlCl2EtBu) 2/THF electrolyte,MgFeSiO4 synthesized at 900°C can deliver a 125.1 mAh/g initial dis-charge capacity and a 91.4% capacity retention on the 20th cycle at a rate of 0.1C(about 15.6 mA/g) . The results show that MgFeSiO4 cou...     

Enhanced mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheets by continuous bending process after V-bending

The effects of V-bending process, continuous bending process and combination process on the microstructure and mechanical properties and formability of an AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet were investigated. The experimental results showed that no twins were found in the microstructure of all samples after processes due to the fine grain. The V-bending and continuous bending processes were proved to be an effective approach to modify the mechanical properties and formability. While the samples after the combination process exhibited better mechanical properties and formability than the single processed sample. The yield strength significantly decreased with the value of 100 MPa and the fracture elongation enhanced to 18.3% at room temperature. The Erichsen value was 5.0 mm which was significantly increased by 117% compared with as-received sample. The superior formability of combination processed samples was mainly attributed to the smaller r-value and n-value.     

化学沉积法制备用于印制电子的超细银粉

采用液相化学沉积法,以硝酸银为原料,水合肼为还原剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散剂,在室温下将硝酸银溶液滴加到还原性溶液中得到银颗粒的悬浮液,并经微孔滤膜过滤后制得用于印制电子业的超细银粉.用TEM、XRD与粒径分析等手段对产物的粒径与性状进行了表征,并进一步研究了PVP与硝酸银浓度对银粉粒度及产率的影响.这种制备工艺避免了传统机械研磨工艺中银粉纯度低、技术指标不一致的缺点,具有较好的应用前景.     

季铵碱水溶液中微波辅助制备纳米ZnO

以四丁基氢氧化铵、四乙基氢氧化铵和四甲基氢氧化铵等季铵碱水溶液为反应体系,Zn(Ac2)和NaOH为原料,微波辅助制备了球状、圆片状、细长薄片状及多脚状等纳米ZnO;对样品进行了XRD和SEM表征,分析了微波辅助下纳米ZnO的可能生长过程.结果表明:季铵阳离子能有效屏蔽晶核;季铵碱浓度越高,OH-浓度越高,或者前驱体Zn(OH)42-浓度越低,则样品粒径越小且越趋于球状.     

四川盆地碳酸盐岩源岩气地质特征与勘探前景

充分利用露头、岩芯、岩屑等原始样品,通过薄片观察、物性分析、扫描电镜、X射线衍射及同位素分析等实验方法,结合测井资料、地震剖面解释等进行研究,从碳酸盐岩源岩气地球化学评价参数和指标厘定入手,以南川区带高产稳产气藏为实例,深入解剖四川盆地茅口组一段碳酸盐岩源岩的岩矿、物性、电性、含气性及生烃潜力,探讨了表生沉积环境、早期...     

MgH2-X(X=Si,Ge,Sn,Pb)体系解氢能力的第一原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一原理赝势平面波方法,研究了MgH2-X(X=Si,Ge,Sn,Pb)合金化体系的能量、几何与电子结构.负形成热的计算发现:合金化元素X在镁氢化合物(MgH2)中少量固溶时,体系相结构稳定性变差,预示着解氢能力得到改善.电子态密度(DOS)与电子密度的进一步分析发现:镁氢化合物X合金化后,X与其周围的H原子相互作用不明显,而Mg-H之间的成键作用减弱.体系Ge合金化解氢能力增强的理论计算与实验结果一致,预测Si,Sn,Pb少量固溶于MgH2能提高体系的解氢能力.     

热处理工艺对触变成形AZ91D镁合金组织的影响

对触变成形AZ91D镁合金在不同热处理条件下的时效组织进行了研究,结果表明:随着固溶温度的增加,第二相具有较大的时效析出速度,并且析出数量较多.经415 ℃、24 h固溶处理后的试样在时效处理过程中,第二相有两种析出方式:连续与不连续析出.在180 ℃没有连续析出,温度高于200 ℃后两种方式交替进行.时效处理温度越高,第二相析出的速度越快.同时也使得连续析出在很短时间内就开始发生,并且在晶粒内部与不连续析出互相交织在一起进行.     

铝酸钠溶液中苛性碱、碳酸碱和氧化铝含量的连续测定

利用自动电位滴定法, 选择葡萄糖酸钠配合铝酸钠溶液中的铝, 在滴定碱总量时保持氢氧化铝稳定而不沉淀析出, 不干扰测定. 再以氟化钾置换配合铝酸钠溶液中的铝, 同时放出与铝等化学计量的OH-, 通过酸碱滴定, 实现了在铝酸钠溶液中对苛性碱、 碳酸碱和氧化铝含量的连续测定. 此方法操作简便、 快速, 数据准确可靠.