珠江口盆地新近系层序发育影响因素分析

在精细的层序地层格架下,通过对地震、测井等资料进行分析,探讨了构造运动、海平面升降以及沉积物供给对珠江口盆地层序发育的影响。结果表明:新近系经历了3次大的构造运动,构造运动造成盆地的整体抬升或局部抬升,形成层序边界的区域构造不整合,控制了二级层序发育的周期旋回。海平面的升降控制三级层序发育模式,在一个变化周期内,当海平面下降至坡折以下往往伴随着河流回春作用,在陆坡下形成由斜坡扇、盆底扇、低位楔组成的低位体系域;当海平面小幅度地下降至陆架坡折附近或短暂下降到坡折以下,低位期沉积则以泥质浊流沉积和滑塌体为主,斜坡扇和盆底扇不发育;当海平面未下降至陆架坡折带之下时,不发育低位体系域。沉积物供给量影响层序中准层序组类型,形成进积、退积和加积3种地层叠置方式。构造运动、海平面升降以及沉积物供给3个主控因素从不同级次影响着层序发育的过程,形成了珠江口盆地不同特征的层序样式。     

青藏高原东南缘四姑娘山地区末次冰期砾石沉积和冰楔特征

四姑娘山位于青藏高原东南缘,第四纪冰川可分为3期.末次冰期时长坪沟口属于冰缘地带,在前次冰期冰碛物上发育了冰楔构造,冰缘地带冰川融水形成黑色细砾堆积.根据新的证据,末次冰期时四姑娘山长坪沟口附近年平均气温比现在低14～20℃.末次冰川作用发生时恰好也是四姑娘山地区强烈抬升的时期,因此,这套粗碎屑堆积可能是推覆构造的沉积响应,表明末次冰期时可能存在气候与构造联动作用.四姑娘山地区末次冰川规模较倒数第二次冰期明显偏小.     

Heinrich layer in Antarctic marine sediments and its significance to global changes

Results of grain size analysis and rock magnetic measurements of core NP95-1 from Prydz Bay, Antarctica revealed two series of ice-rafted detritus layers, which correspond to cold climatic events, Younger Dryas and Heinrich event 1, occurring at about 11.7-10.3 and 14.3-13.6 kaB.P. respectively. Studies also show that the sequence of paleoclimatic changes in Antarctica can be correlated with that in other parts of the world, and that the millennia1 climate of the earth could change synchronously and globally. In addition, magnetic fabric analysis also shows a close relationship between paleoclimatic change and ocean circulation re-assemblage.     

长江中下游河流沉积物和悬浮物中金属元素的形态特征(英文)

采集了长江中下游8个样点沉积物和悬浮物样品(1992年8月)。用连续提取方法提取了金属元素的五种化学形态(可交换态、碳酸盐结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态、有机质-硫化物结合态、残渣态),用ICP-AES分析了所有样品中锂、钠、钾、镁、钙、锶、钛、钒、铬、锰、钴、镍、铝、钇和锆共15种元素的各化学形态的含量,并用聚类分析方法研究了这些元素在形态上的分类特点。结果表明:在沉积物和悬浮物中,碱金属元素(锂、钠和钾)主要以残渣态和可交换态存在;碱土金属元素(镁、钙和锶)各形态含量较为均匀,但钙的碳酸盐态含量很高;锰和钴的铁锰氧化物态含量较高;铁族元素除锰和钴以外(钛、钒、铬、镍)、铝和锆残渣态含量很高、其它形态含量很低。其中,碱金属元素中锂的铁锰氧化物态和有机质-硫化物态占有一定比例;所研究元素中钙的残渣态含量最低。     

Environmental and biogeo-chemical process of accumula-tion of iron-phosphorus in marine sediments

This paper discusses the environmental andbiogeochemical process of accumulation of iron-phosphorusin marine sediments for the north aktian of the South ChinaSea and analyzes the relationships between the contents ofiron, phosphorus and calcium carbonate as well as their ex-istent characteristics. The results show that the variances ofphosphorus and calcium carbonate contents with depths areopposite and those of iron and calcium carbonate contentsare almost accordant. It is not only related to the biogeo-chemical process of accumulation of biogenous calcium car-bonate in sediments, which resulted from the fact that themarine primary productivity was stimulated by part of ter-rigenous phosphorus dissolved into seawater due to declineof superficial water temperature and increase of carbon di-oxide content in the glacial period, but also related to ironimpelled oxidation and accelerated deposit by the dissolvedoxygen from the atmosphere and the photosynthesis of hy-drophytes in seawater. The variance of soluble iron-phos-phorus species (Fe-P) in sediment columns can sensitivelyreflect the changes of climate and environment, which sug-gests that the accumulative characteristics and existent statesof iron-phosphorus species (Fe-P) in marine sediments havethe significance as an indicator of the changes of paleocli-mate and paleoenvironment.     

九龙江口红树林区表层沉积物中多环芳烃含量与来源

测定了福建省九龙江口7个红树林湿地站位表层沉积物中16种优控PAHs的含量．用微波萃取法萃取，用GG-MS法检测．探讨了各站位PAHs的主要来源，并通过与其他典型地区污染状况的比较，分析了研究区内PAHs的含量水平．     

三湘江和池塘沉积物磷形态及其生态意义

沉积物中磷的形态不同,其生物活性也不同.本文讨论了三湘江和达理公寓附近池塘底泥中磷的各种存在形态,包括:可溶性磷(P_(sol))、磷酸钙(P_(Ca))、磷酸铝(P_(Al))、磷酸铁(P_(Fe))和闭蓄态磷酸盐(P_(O-P)),即为氧化物包裹的磷酸铝和磷酸铁,另外,还有部分有机磷(P_(org)).实验表明铝/铁结合态磷和有机磷是三湘江和池塘的主要赋存形态,对其富营养化影响最大.