基于物理性质捕获循环肿瘤细胞的微流控芯片

为满足利用微流控技术实现芯片上循环肿瘤细胞捕获日益增长的需求,研制出基于肿瘤细胞尺寸和变形性进行分离的微流控芯片。基于细胞尺寸和变形性差异原理设计芯片,利用半导体加工技术制备出以玻璃和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为材料的微流控芯片,使用8μm间隔的微柱作为捕获单元,应用于乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7肿瘤细胞的捕获;并以MCF-7细胞为模型,考查了芯片的分选条件和分选效果。在1 mL/h流速下,MCF-7细胞捕获率可达到68%;多次实验结果表明该芯片捕获的最佳流速为1 mL/h。Calcein-AM和Hoechst对MCF-7细胞进行染色,可方便对捕获后细胞进行识别和拍照。结果基于细胞尺寸和变形性原理所设计的捕获循环肿瘤细胞微流控芯片操作简单、成本低、通量高,有望逐步用于临床循环肿瘤细胞检测。     

新型抗癌药——硒化多烯脂肪酸多相脂质体的研究

用作者首次合成的几种硒化多烯脂肪酸,分别制成乳剂和多相脂质体,进行动物体内抗癌活性实验,结果表明,硒化亚油酸乳剂(62)在200mg/(kg·d)的剂量下对S_(180)。实体瘤的抑制率为28.7％,而其多相脂质体(118)在相同剂量下对肿瘤的抑制率为45.1％;硒化蓖酸乳剂(92)在200mg/(kg·d)的剂量下对肿瘤的抑制率为33.3％,而其多相脂质体(114)在400mg/(kg·d)剂量下的抑瘤率则达61.4％,说明当将药物包封于脂质体后,可使其毒性下降,抗癌活性明显升高。     

Role of FGF-2／FGFR signaling pathway in cancer and its signification in breast cancer

Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is a member of a large family of proteins that bind heparin and heparan sulfate and modulate the function of a wide range of cell types. It has been proved that FGF-2 stimulates the growth and development of new blood vessels (angiogenesis) that contribute to the pathogenesis of several diseases (i.e. cancer, atherosclerosis). However, many of the biological activities of FGF-2 have been found to depend on its receptor抯 intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity and second messengers such as the mitogen activated protein kinases. This review will focus on the mechanism of FGF-2/FGFR induced signaling pathway in tumor and human breast cancer.     

Viewpoints on the proinflammation state of leukemia

Proinflammation represents a pathophysiological state on the early stage of a number of diseases, especially the infectious and immunological ones. In recent years, proinflammation has attracted much attention, and the term 損roinflammation factors?appears frequently in the literature. While investigating leukemia and leukemic cells from the angle of 損roinflammation state? we got some intriguing findings, e.g. we detected the significantly elevated expression of proinflammation factor IL-18 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which could up-regulate matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and specific tissue inhibitors (TIMPs). The increased MMP may play a role in the aggressiveness of myeloid leukemic cells, and be associated with a poor prognosis. This phenomenon reflects an ignored aspect of leukemia. Investigations from the angle of 損roinflammation state?have broaden the fields of tumor and leukemia study.     

Inhibitory effect of the adenovirus type 5 E1A protein expressed in the yeast system of the human tumor cell growth

Adenovirus 5 type E1A as a tumor suppressor gene can inhibit tumor growth and enhance the censitivity of chemotherapy and radiotherapy.E1A have the ability to integrate into the host genome,resulting in long-time expres-sion that induces Rb gene inactivation and animal cells im-mortalization.This prompted us to select the E1A protein for treatment of cancer in order to overcome the limitations of E1A gene therapy.Thus,we firstly comstructed E1A eu-caryotic expression vector (pPIC9/E1A),transformated the pichia pastoris yeast cells(GS115) and screened the high-expressing recombinant strains.The positive yeast strains were cultured in the shake flask,and induced for 3d.The crude E1A protein was purified using two steps of col-umu chromatography on HiTrap Q and HiTrap SP.The pu-rified E1A protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.E1A protein was mostly located at cellular unclear when Cheriot delivered E1A protein into cells.The analysis in vitro indicated that the E1A protein arrested LN686 cell cycle at G2/M phase,and significantly inhibited the growth of LN686 tumor cells.The current studies firstly provided an experimental basis to further develop E1A protein for tumor treatment.     

106例原发鼻腔非霍奇金淋巴瘤综合治疗的疗效分析

目的探讨不同治疗方法及肿瘤侵犯范围对鼻腔非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）预后的影响。方法对106例鼻腔NHL患者进行回顾性分析。结果本组病例中位生存46个月,5年总生存率为55％,5年无病生存率为50％,局部控制率92．5％。肿瘤侵犯范围对总生存率、局部控制率和远处侵犯率有显著影响;放疗＋化疗的综合治疗对单纯放疗或单纯化疗,5年生存率、5年无瘤生存率、远处侵犯率有明显差异（P〈0．05）;化疗周期和放疗剂量的不同可引起上述指标差异（P〈0．05）。结论肿瘤局部侵犯范围、化疗周期和放疗剂量是影响鼻腔NHL生存率,局部控制率和远处转移率的重要因素。合理的鼻腔NHL治疗模式应以放疗为主,辅以化疗的综合治疗。不必常规行颈部预防照射。     

类风湿关节炎全球药物研发状况分析

 类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种自身免疫性疾病,全球患病率约0.24%。RA发病机制复杂,致残率极高,严重影响患者的生活质量,给社会带来沉重的经济负担,对RA的有效治疗成为全球医药行业关注的重点。据艾美仕数据统计,2015年全球医药市场用于治疗RA的药物支出达214亿美元。本报告依据相关文献及Thomson Reuters、IMS Health等数据库信息,对RA全球药物研发市场、治疗药物类别、靶标、专利等药物研发状况进行分析。目前,RA治疗药物类别包括抗炎药、抗风湿药、激素类药物、生物制剂、联合用药、免疫重建等;治疗靶标有肿瘤坏死因子α、环氧化酶类、B-淋巴细胞抗原、白细胞介素类、细胞核转录因子kB、小分子激酶等;近些年,生物技术药物在RA等自身免疫性疾病治疗领域取得了前所未有的成功,未来市场小分子药物及生物仿制药也将会发挥关键作用。     

CCN蛋白家族研究进展

CCN蛋白家族包含多个成员,它们结构相似,富含半胱氮酸。作为分泌蛋白,CCN蛋白能够促进细胞生长、细胞粘附、细胞迁移;诱导细胞凋亡;并调控肿瘤生长、血管发生和软骨内骨化。由于CCN蛋白在癌症和其它疾病预测或／和诊断中的重要性,成为近几年研究的热点。本文将简述近几年在CCN蛋白领域的研究进展。     

基于细胞自动机的MRI脑肿瘤分割方法

提出一种基于细胞自动机的脑肿瘤分割方法.首先通过人工交互输入一条线,使用细胞自动机模型对脑肿瘤图像进行分割,得到肿瘤图像的标号图,然后使用活动轮廓模型对标号图进行优化处理,除去非肿瘤像素点的干扰,得到更平滑的脑肿瘤轮廓.使用该方法在对比增强T1加权MRI脑肿瘤图像进行分割实验.实验结果表明,此方法能够很好地解决脑肿瘤分割过程中容易出现的不完全分割问题,分割准确率(Dice相似系数)可达到(94.07±1.58)％.     

吉非替尼与紫杉醇合用于胃癌细胞的实验研究

联合应用靶向ErbB1的抗肿瘤药吉非替尼与传统化疗药紫杉醇,观察ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞的生长抑制作用及对ErbBs的影响.采用MTT法检测两药不同比例联合应用时对ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞的抑制作用,在此基础上通过计算CI值（Combination Index Value）,考察两药合用于ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞株时的相互作用关系（协同,相加或拮抗）.发现在两药浓度比例为330∶1,联合抑制率在60%~80%时,能够协同抑制ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞.并进一步探讨其可能的机制,通过Western Blot法检测药物作用对ErbBs,磷酸化ErbBs以及下游信号通路中（如PI3K-Akt信号途径）信号分子（Akt/磷酸化Akt）表达的影响.最终导致细胞死亡增多,通过DNAladder、Hochest33342染色、及检测凋亡相关蛋白的表达情况进一步确证协同促进细胞凋亡的作用.结果表明两药适宜配比可协同抑制ErbBs高表达胃癌细胞.