热带太平洋海平面年际和年代际变化研究进展

回顾热带太平洋对海平面长期趋势有重要影响的海平面年际和年代际变化的相关研究,总结包括近期提出的中部型厄尔尼诺在内的2种类型厄尔尼诺对热带太平洋海平面年际变化的影响,揭示了热带太平洋海平面年代际变化与信风年代际变化之间的紧密联系。指出赤道信风的增强对近期热带太平洋海平面变化格局的形成有决定性作用,厄尔尼诺强度的减弱对这种格局有贡献,而拉尼娜的影响有待深入研究。研究资料的局限性导致年代际变化的定量研究成果较少,在研究海平面年际和年代际变化时应用的热通量评估模型有待改进。     

New and little‐known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea,Tunicata) from Australia (Part 3)

The majority of the 58 species discussed, including 10 new species, were collected by scuba divers at 5–10?m in waters around Australia. Species are from Leptoclinides (11), Polysyncraton (11), Didemnum (19), Trididemnum (7), Lissoclinum (8), Clitella (1), and Diplosoma (1), and new species are in all except Trididemnum and Diplosoma. Additional characters (including a pyloric vesicle reported previously in the Holozoidae and several unrelated didemnid taxa) have been detected for the monotypic genus Clitella Kott, , which is recorded for only the second time. A review of known Australian ascidian species confirms the Didemnidae as the most speciose ascidian family in these waters. In this family, there appears not to be appreciable gene flow between tropical and temperate waters and few species have a continuous tropical–temperate range. A preponderance of Western Pacific non‐indigenous species is in the north, while indigenous species, some probably isolated from related tropical ones, are dominant in the temperate waters of the southern half of the continent. Although intraspecific variation and convergence obscures species differences, some aspects of the living organisms detected in in situ photographs contribute to identification. Keys to Australian didemnid species described since the publication of the Australian Ascidiacea part 4, Didemnidae (Kott ) are included.     

有限弱力迫的布尔值模型表示

给出模型论中弱力迫概念的一个语法特征。然后在此基础上引入弱力迫的一种布尔值模型表示,并给出这种表示对f-伴随理论的一些应用。     

Spiral rainband in a numerically simulated tropical cyclone

Spiral rainband is a prominent structure of tropical cyclone. Though its forming mechanism, vortex Rossby wave theory, has been widely accepted in recent years,its internal structural features are still not well known. The spiral rainband in the severe tropical storm Kammuri (2002),which caused heavy rainfall in southeast China, is simulated using the mesoscale model MM5 (V3). Results show that the simulated spiral rainband propagates azimuthally at a speed close to that of vortex Rossby wave in theory, and is accompanied with energy dispersion in the radial direction. The structural features of simulated spiral rainband are analyzed with the high-resolution model output including the full physical process. Positive vorticity, ascending motion, horizontal momentum and so on are highly concentrated in the spiral rainband. The convergent moisture of spiral rainband comes mostly from the planetary boundary layer under 1 km.Airflow from the outside of spiral rainband is convective instability, which can provide instability energy for convection development. However, the atmospheric stratification in the inside of spiral rainband is neutral, implying that the instability energy has been released. There is a mesoscale strong wind band just near the spiral rainband in the outer side with a maximum wind speed exceeding 30 m/s, which results from the pressure force acceleration when the air flows into the spiral rainband along the gradient of pressure.     

云南降水场与太平洋海温场典型相关分析

 利用典型相关理论分析云南省5月份降水场与头年5月至当年4月各月太平洋热带海温距平场之间的关系,得出一些有意义的结果.并通过1994～1995年的预报,效果较理想.     

区域气候模式和大气化学模式对中国地区气候变化和对流层臭氧分布的模拟

在区域气候模式的基础上引入了对流层大气化学模式，并实现两的双向反馈连接，利用该模式系统模拟中国地区对流层大气臭氧和区域气候，发现东亚季风是影响中国地区对流层大气臭氧分布的重要原因，并且对流层臭氧分布局域性较为明显。模拟也得到了模拟区域气候的四个典型月特征，并与分析资料对比验证了所得结果。此外利用大气化学模式计算的臭氧反馈到区域气候模型中，模拟对流层臭氧增加背景下。模拟区域内晴空辐射强迫的变化。     

LS-共轭梯度算法的收敛性

对无约束规划 (P) :minx∈Rnf(x) ,其中 f(x)是Rn→R1上的二阶连续可微函数 ,通过引入强迫函数和逆连续模函数 ,证明了一类采用Curry Altman步长规则的LS 共轭梯度算法的全局收敛性质 ,利用比较原理进一步讨论了LS 共轭梯度算法在采用另外三种步长规则下的全局收敛性     

西双版纳雨季次生林林窗定居种冠面温度特征

利用西双版纳雨季（7月）次生林林窗叶表温的观测资料，探讨了林窗内定居种冠层温度的时空变化特征。结果表明，因林窗不同区所接受太阳辐射的差异，加之林缘热力效应的综合作用，使得林窗定居种冠面在不同时段其最大热力作用区域是各异的；林窗各测点与中央的叶表温差区域分异显，特别是中午的分异最为明显。植株叶表温度与气温平衡在25.8℃附近，但因受日照、林缘树木的综合影响，不同方位达平衡的时刻不同：林窗南侧边缘叶表温与气温整天基本处于平衡状态，下午6时后受阴天和树冠荫蔽的影响，各测点叶表温与气温均处于平衡状态；在晴好天气状况及不受荫蔽状况下，叶表温高于气温，波动范围为0－3℃；15时雨后初晴，叶面蒸发耗热，叶表温低于气温。这种“峰值动态位移现象”可能会影响不同时期物种的入侵、定居、繁殖，进而影响林窗物种的组成。     

福建沿海前鳃类区系的研究

本文记述了福建沿海前鳃类185种,分隶于44科,101属.其中一种系国内首次报道,福建沿海前鳃类以热带、亚热带性质占绝对优势,基本上属于印度——西太平洋区系。