纳米铜单晶拉伸力学性能的分子动力学模拟

采用分子动力学模拟了绝对零度时三种不同边界条件下纳米铜单晶的拉伸力学性能。计算结果发现：不同边界约束对钢单晶的内在原子运动和整体力学行为有明显影响;纳米杆、纳米薄膜良好的延性主要来源于位错运动;铜单晶块体的破坏源于内部孔洞的发展,破坏时延性较差;此外,纳米杆、纳米薄膜存在较大的表面张力。     

毕赤酵母表达重组植酸酶酶学性质的比较研究

通过酶学性质比较毕赤酵母GS115表达的E.coli K12植酸酶(appA)及其突变体植酸酶(appA NR)和黑曲霉植酸酶(phyA)的最适pH、温度、热稳定性及对胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶的耐受性.结果表明,在95℃,加热10 min,appA NR可残余90％左右的活力,而其他两种只残余20％～50％的活力;appAN...     

Influence of thermal-decomposition temperatures on structures and properties of V2O5 as cathode materials for lithium ion battery

Submicron spherical V2O5 particles with a uniform size and a lower crystallinity were successfully synthesized by a chemical precipitationthermal decomposition technique using the commercial V2O5 powders as starting material. The crystal structure and grain morphology of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM), respectively. Electrochemical testing such as discharge–charge cycling(CD) and cyclic voltammetry(CV) were employed in evaluating their electrochemical properties as cathode materials for lithium ion battery. Results reveal that the crystallinity and crystalline size of V2O5 particles increased when the thermal-decomposition temperature increased from 400 ℃ to 500 ℃, and their adhesiveness was also synchronously increased. This indicate that the thermaldecomposition temperature palyed a significant influence on electrochemical properties of V2O5 cathodes. The V2O5 sample obtained at 400 ℃ delivered not only a high initial discharge capacity of 330 m A h g-1and also the good cycle stability during 50 cycles due to its higher values ofα in crystal structure and better dispersity in grain morphology.     

脉冲激光沉积法制备氧化铋薄膜及其电化学性质研究

首次采用355nm脉冲激光沉积在不锈钢基片上制备了氧化铋薄膜，X—射线衍射(XRD)测试表明在基片温度为300℃，沉积时间为0．5h制备得到的Bi2O3薄膜具有四方结构，SEM和Raman光谱测定对该Bi2O3薄膜的表面形貌和锂化前后的结构进行了表征，结果表明薄膜由小于100nm针状晶粒组成，锂化后的产物可能是LixBi2O3。此外，由电位阶跃法测定了上述Bi2O3薄膜电极的锂离子扩散系数。电化学测定表明，上述Bi2O3薄膜具有充放电循环性能,在电压范围为0．70～3．5V，该氧化铋薄膜在充放电速率为2C时的比容量大约为100mAh／g，并且保持经100次以上充放电循环而没有明显的衰减。     

锰锌铁氧体的制备及磁性能研究

采用化学共沉淀法和真空烧结工艺制备了尖晶石型锰锌铁氧体系列样品,研究了配方及烧结工艺对样品性能的影响。结果表明：样品在1370℃烧结能获得较好的磁性能;增加Fe2O3含量有利于提高饱和磁感应强度;在适当范围内增加ZnO含量有利于提高初始磁导率,但居里温度Tc随之下降;当Xzao=24％时,样品的磁导率μi=6369,饱和磁感应强度Bs=304mT,矫顽力Hc=4．3A／m。     

不同炭黑填充的三元乙丙橡胶／丙烯酸橡胶共混胶的性能

制备了不同粒径及结构度的炭黑填充的EPDM／ACM（三元乙丙橡胶／丙烯酸橡胶）共混胶,研究了不同牌号炭黑在共混胶中的分散性及其对共混胶硫化特性、物理机械性能和动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,随炭黑粒径增大,EPDM／ACM共混胶门尼黏度减小,焦烧时间和正硫化时间延长;粒径太大或太小均不利于炭黑在共混胶中的分散,炭黑N330、N550和N660分散性较好;炭黑粒径越小,结构度越高,Payne效应越明显,Pay-ne效应强度依次为CD2109〉N220〉N330,N550,N660〉N774;炭黑CD2109填充的混炼胶储能模量、损耗模量和损耗因子均最大,混炼生热大。     

铁基金属陶瓷复合材料摩擦学特性研究

研制出铁基金属陶瓷复合材料 ,并对该材料的摩擦学特性和磨损机制进行了研究 ,提出了一种铁基金属陶瓷复合材料摩擦系数半定量分析的力学模型 .该模型解释了摩擦系数随制动比压和制动速度的变化关系     

改进310奥氏体不锈钢长期时效后的组织与性能

借助扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜以及高温、室温拉伸和硬度测试研究了实验室研发的改进310奥氏体不锈钢在700℃长期时效后的组织与性能.700℃时效1000 h后,实验钢在晶界和晶内析出了大量(Cr,Fe,Mo)23C6、(Cr,Fe)23C6、σ相和少量的χ相.析出相对实验钢的室温力学性能有明显的强化作用.强度增加,硬度升高20 Hv,同时延伸率仍保持在30%以上.高温下,析出强化效应减弱,延伸率轻微下降.通过断口表面和剖面观察发现,时效1000 h后,实验钢的高温拉伸断口为韧性断裂,未观察到裂纹和孔洞;而室温拉伸断口为脆性断裂,断口附近则观察到σ相中出现裂纹和孔洞.从σ相的脆-韧转变和实验钢基体的室温和高温强度的不同,讨论了在室温拉伸过程中产生裂纹和孔洞的原因,以及时效对室温和高温力学行为的不同影响.     

水热法制备不同形貌纳米片状MoS_2的光催化性能

二硫化钼是类似于石墨烯的二维层状材料,其优异的磁学性能、电学性能、催化性能和光学性能受到了科研人员的广泛关注.通过水热法制备出4种不同形貌的二硫化钼纳米片.对二硫化钼样品进行扫描电子显微镜测试,以200 W钨丝灯为光源,在暗箱中进行甲基橙溶液的降解测试.通过紫外可见光分光光度计对测试样品溶液进行吸光度测试,得出纳米片状的二硫化钼光催化降解甲基橙溶液降解率最高.     

Effect of B2O3 on the aqueous tape casting and microwave properties of Li2O–Nb2O5–TiO2 ceramics

The effect of B2O3 addition on the aqueous tape casting, sintering, microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of Li2O-Nb2O5-TiO2 ceramics has been investigated. The tape casting slurries exhibit a typical shear-thinning behavior without thixotropy, but the addition of B2O3 increases the viscosity of the slurries significantly. It was found that doping of B2O3 can decrease the tensile strength, strain to failure and density of the green tapes. The sintering temperature could be lowed down to 900℃ with the addition of 2 wt% B2O3 due to the liquid phase effect. No secondary phase is observed. The addition of B2O3 does not induce much degradation on the microwave dielectric properties. Optimum microwave dielectric properties of εr 67, Q×f 6560 GHz are obtained for Li2O-Nb2O5-TiO2 ceramics containing 2 wt% B2O3 sintered at 900 1C. It represents that the ceramics could be promising for multilayer low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) application.