数学教育中几个关键词的定界、作用及教学对策

文中就目前数学教育中出现的一些被弱化的领域,以关键词的形式分别给出其定界、作用及教学对策。     

CFRP超高周三点弯曲疲劳热效应特性实验与数值模拟

针对复合材料超高周三点弯曲疲劳的温升问题,利用商用软件ABAQUS对实验过程中的热效应进行建模与数值模拟研究,得出了疲劳载荷作用下CFRP试样的主体产热阶段与位置,并根据冷却方案设定的基本原则,利用复合冷却方式开展了连续载荷作用下的超声疲劳试验,研究结果表明:CFRP不存在传统的疲劳极限.随着应力水平的改变,CFRP超...     

海岸带城市蓝绿空间碳汇基础设施网络分析——以广西北部湾为例

为探讨蓝绿基础设施(Blue-Green Infrastructure,BGI)碳汇服务功能有益于指引城市碳中和目标建设,本研究以广西北部湾海岸带城市为例,运用形态学空间格局分析(Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis,MSPA)法、连通性分析法以及电路理论,构建蓝绿基础设施碳汇网络,讨论对应的固碳增汇对策。结果表明：2020年研究区蓝绿空间碳汇总量为735 524.09 tC·a^-1,其中绿色空间碳汇总量为588 680.06 tC·a^-1,蓝色空间碳汇总量为146 844.03 tC·a^-1,单位面积碳汇量“蓝”高于“绿”;共提取63个碳汇源地斑块,20个核心源地斑块,绿色空间核心源地总面积为6 814.31 km²,蓝色空间为899.05 km²,核心源地主要分布在东西两侧及南部沿海地带;共提取出24条生态廊道,绿廊共长122.21 km,蓝廊为52.75 km,呈环状分布,中南部地区分布较密,连通性强。本研究结果可为“碳达峰与碳中和”(简称“双碳”)背景下海岸带城市的保护与可持续发展提供建设思路。     

Exploring proximity based peer clustering in BitTorrent-like Peer-to-Peer file sharing systems

A hierarchical clustered BitTorrent (CBT) system is proposed to improve the file sharing performance of the BitTorrent system, in which peers are grouped into clusters in a large-scale BitTorrent-like underlying overlay network in such a way that clusters are evenly distributed and that the peers within the cluster are relatively close to each other. A fluid model is developed to compare the performance of the proposed CBT system with the BitTorrent system, and the result shows that the CBT system can effectively improve the performance of the system. Simulation results also demonstrate that the CBT system improves the system scalability and efficiency while retaining the robustness and incentives of the original BitTorrent paradigm.     

Multi-user performance analysis of differential frequency hopping system over Rayleigh-fading channel

A novel non-coherent detection scheme for differential frequency hopping （DFH） system is proposed in asynchronous multi-user environments over Rayleigh-fading channels. The synchronous and asyn- chronous multi-user performances of DFH with the conventional detection scheme and this novel detection scheme are analyzed, respectively. The performance results are validated with simulation. The results of analyses and simulations prove two conclusions. Firstly, the performance of asynchronous multi-user DFH system overcomes that of synchronous multi-user DFH system over Rayleigh-fading channel. Secondly, the novel detection scheme can achieve better performance than the conventional non-coherent detection scheme in asynchronous multi-user environments.     

A new adaptive state space construction method for the mobile robot navigation

In order to solve the combinative explosion problems in a continuous and high dimensional state space, a function approximation approach is usually used to represent the state space. The normalized radial basis function （NRBF） was adopted as the local function approximator and a kind of adaptive state space construction strategy based on the NRBF （ASC-NRBF） was proposed, which enables the system to allocate appropriate number and size of the basis functions automatically. Combined with the reinforce- ment learning method, the proposed ASC-NRBF method was applied to the robot navigation problem. Simulation results illustrate the performance of the proposed method.     

RM-structure alignment based statistical machine translation model

A novel model based on structure alignments is proposed for statistical machine translation in this paper. Meta-structure and sequence of meta-structure for a parse tree are defined. During the translation process, a parse tree is decomposed to deal with the structure divergence and the alignments can be constructed at different levels of recombination of meta-structure （RM）. This method can perform the structure mapping across the sub-tree structure between languages. As a result, we get not only the translation for the target language, but sequence of meta-stmctu .re of its parse tree at the same time. Experiments show that the model in the framework of log-linear model has better generative ability and significantly outperforms Pharaoh, a phrase-based system.     

Shape recovery using high dynamic range images

An effective method for object shape recovery using HDRIs (high dynamic range images) is proposed. The radiance values of each point on the reference sphere and target object are firstly calculated, thus the set of candidate normals of each target point are found by comparing its radiance to that of each reference sphere point. In single-image shape recovery, a smoothness operation is applied to the target normals to obtain a stable and reasonable result; while in photometric stereo, radiance vectors of reference and target objects formed due to illuminations under different light source directions are directly compared to get the most suitable target normals. Finally, the height values can be recovered from the resulting normal field. Because diffuse and specular reflection are handled in an unified framework with radiance, our approach eliminates the limitation presented in most recovery strategies, i.e., only Lambertian model can be used. The experiment results from the real and synthesized images show the performance of our approach.     

A novel QoS supported cooperative diversity algorithm for IEEE 802.11 WLAN

A new cooperative diversity algorithm with quality of service （QoS） awareness for wireless local area network （WLAN） is proposed. According to this protocol, cooperation is invoked only if a direct transmission cannot meet user-specific QoS requirements. If cooperation is implemented, partner choice depends on who can achieve the minimum data rate required to have a successful transmission. The closed-form expressions for the system throughput and the power consumption are provided. Theoretical analysis and simulation results indicate that the QoS-aware cooperative scheme can significantly improve the system performance in terms of throughput and energy efficiency by avoiding negative effect of unconditional cooperation.     

艾氏卡试剂消化硫酸钡比浊法测定膨胀石墨中的硫含量

为了简便、准确、快速地测定膨胀石墨中的硫含量,建立了用艾氏卡试剂消化样品、硫酸钡比浊法测定硫含量的方法.实验确定艾氏卡试剂与膨胀石墨最佳物质的量比为1:15,焙烧温度为850℃;比浊法中测试液的pH=1.0,质量分数为5%的聚乙烯醇分散剂和无水乙醇助稳定荆的用量分别为2.0 mL和3.0 mL;稳定10 min后,在460 nm下和0.1～5.0 mg内,硫酸钡的吸光度符合朗伯-比尔定律;方法平均回收率分别为101.2%(ZnS)和99.5%(Na2SO4),相对标准偏差均不超过3.0%.方法操作简便、准确,能快速测定膨胀石墨中的硫含量.