大块异体骨移植修复膝关节部位良性骨肿瘤术后骨缺损10例临床分析

目的探讨采用异体骨移植治疗膝关节部位良性骨肿瘤术后骨缺损的疗效.方法异体骨来源于外伤急死者.死后12 h内在无菌条件下取骨,经酒精、高温煮沸处理备用.对10例膝关节部位良性骨肿瘤进行病灶清除,将大块异体骨修整至适合骨缺损处形状后植入,空隙处再填充骨碎块.结果所有患者术后均无感染,无明显排斥反应.植骨处骨性愈合,与正常骨结构无任何差异,肢体功能恢复优良,能满足日常生活和工作需要.结论采用异体骨移植修复膝关节部位骨肿瘤术后较大骨缺损,临床效果良好,关节功能获得最大限度保护,取得满意效果.     

2022年生命科学热点回眸

2022年,为应对全球新冠疫情和其他各种严重疾病,病毒疫苗开发和基因治疗领域的研究都取得了突破性进展,对于粮食作物种植和人类基因组学的研究也有了振奋人心的发现。选取了Omicron变异株、猴痘、呼吸道合胞病毒疫苗、EBV可能导致多发性硬化症、猪器官移植到人体、猪心停跳后恢复全身多器官功能、持续生产的多年生水稻、小麦条锈病分子机制、提高玉米蛋白含量和氮利用率、基因编辑技术和疗法、人类基因组无间隙序列、古基因组学等方面的研究成果进行解读。     

小鼠同种异基因皮肤移植模型的建立

目的：为移植免疫及药物免疫机理研究建立小鼠同种异基因皮肤移植动物模型。方法：受体BALB/c分为A～E共5组,即对照组,5．0、7．5、10、20mg／kg环孢菌素A(CsA)剂量组,通过背-背法进行C57BL／6的全厚皮皮片移植,以探求通过较小剂量CsA及优化实验条件和护理方式建立供免疫机理研究的动物试验平台。结果：5．0、7．5、10mg/kg组相对于对照组皮片排斥时间无明显差别,而20mg/kg组植皮能较长时间存活。结论：20mg／kg的CsA剂量可以经济,快速地建立小鼠同种异基因移植动物模型。     

晚清司法改革实践与反思

通过借鉴、移植国外司法制度,晚清政府进行了建立新式司法制度的司法改革,并取得一系列的成果.然而,由于晚清司法改革是在特定历史条件下进行的,司法改革更多的是注重在法律形式方面与外国接轨而忽视本国的实际,因此,这必然导致司法改革无法达到预期的效果.但是,晚清司法改革实践为眼下法律移植提供了宝贵的历史经验.     

Neuroreplacement therapy and stem cell biology under disease conditions

Recent advances in stem cell technology are expanding our ability to replace a variety of cells throughout the body. In the past, neurological diseases caused by the degeneration of neuronal cells were considered incurable because of a long-held 'truism'; neurons do not regenerate during adulthood. However, this statement has been challenged, and we have now found much evidence that the brain is indeed capable of regenerating neurons after maturing. Based on this new concept, researchers have shown neural differentiation of stem cells and recovery of function following transplantation of these cells into the brain. These results may promise a bright future for clinical applications of stem cell strategies in neurological diseases; however, we must consider the pathophysiological environments of individual diseases that may affect stem cell biology. Before we begin to develop clinical applications, we must consider environmental factors that have not been discussed in the current preclinical studies. Here, we study cases of Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia and discuss the effects of environmental factors under disease conditions.Received 15 January 2003; received after revision 7 April 2003; accepted 8 April 2003     

原位移植建立裸鼠人胃癌转移模型

用原位移植方法建立裸鼠人胃癌转移模型。方法：以ＳＧＣ－７９０１人胃癌细胞株裸鼠皮下移植瘤组织块为材料,将其移植到裸鼠胃壁手术制备的粘膜小囊中。结果：该模型肿瘤生长潜伏期为３－４周,原位瘤沿胃壁呈浸润性生长,以后迅速增大,出现淋巴结及肝脏转移,并伴发幽门梗阻及癌性腹水等征象,荷瘤鼠生存期为１６－２４周。     

脑室移植肾上腺髓质组织对冬眠黄鼠脑CA系统损毁的代偿

前人的研究发现，动物人眠前，脑内ＮＥ活动下降，并在眠阵中保持低水平。本实验增通过黄鼠侧脑给予６－羟多肥胺（６－ＯＨＤＡ）损毁脑内儿茶酚胺（ＣＡ）神经元末梢，降低ＮＥ活动，发现可使动物入眠诱导期大大缩短，总的冬眠时间延长。在本实验中给黄鼠侧脑室注射６－ＯＨＤＡ后，又将自体一侧肾上腺髓质移植到侧脑室。结果表明，在ＣＡ降低的背景下，移植组织分泌的ＣＡ在冬眠行为上起到了一定的代偿作用：动物总冬眠天数，冬眠     

小鼠精原干细胞的分离、分选、移植和培养

精原干细胞具有自我增殖和分化为精子的能力。精原干细胞的培养、移植和体外诱导分化等研究将使我们最终阐明精原干细胞的自我更新机制和精子发生机理。经过一年多的研究,我们不仅建立了用含血清培养基对分离的乳鼠睾丸细胞进行差异贴壁分选来富集生殖细胞的简单方法,而且成功地对分选出的精原干细胞进行了近一个月的无血清培养。流式分析结果表明,差异贴壁分选能将精原干细胞富集11倍以上。移植分析表明,分选出的精原干细胞具有在受体鼠的曲精小管中产生克隆的能力和正常生精作用。免疫细胞化学和RT-PCR检测表明,培养的细胞表达精原干细胞标志基因。该研究为体外长期培养小鼠或其它哺乳动物的精原干细胞提供了一个范例,也为利用基因修饰的精原干细胞通过移植产生转基因动物奠定了基础。     

Clonogenic colony-forming ability of hepatic stem cells in the spleens of mice

To confirm the existence of hepatic stem cells (HSCs), fetal liver cells isolated from mice on embryonic day 13 (ED13) were long-term cultured in vitro. Growth of the cells was observed intensively and characteristics were identified by immunocytochemistry. The results showed that some of the cells grew as colonies, in which some cells expressed AFP, CD34 and Albumin. Then the cells were transplanted intravenously into irradiated syngeneic mice. At day 12 a number of small hyperplasia nodules were seen in the apparently enlarged spleens of recipient mice. Moreover, some nodules were positive for AFP and CD34 and consisted of various types of cells, suggesting the very existence of hepatic stem cells in the mouse fetal liver.     

具有可移植性自然语言生成系统的实现

从系统可移植性的角度对自然语言生成系统的任务域处理模块、语言学处理模块、文本生成模块进行研究,提出了具有一定可移植性的自然语言生成系统的设计方法,并通过实验验证了方法的可行性,最后给出了实验结果.