面向多目标柔性作业车间调度的强化学习NSGA-II算法

针对非支配排序遗传算法 (NSGA-II, non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II)在求解柔性作业车间多目标优化调度问题中多样性不足、易于早熟与局部收敛的缺点,提出一种基于强化学习的改进NSGA-II算法(RLNSGA-II, reinforcement learning non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II)。为避免NSGA-II陷入局部收敛问题引入双种群进化策略,利用性别判定法将种群拆分为两个种群,并在进化过程中采用不同的交叉变异算子,增加算法的局部和全局搜索能力;为解决NSGA-II精英策略造成多样性不足的问题,融合多个多样性度量指标,利用强化学习动态优化种群迭代过程中的拆分比例参数以保持多样性,改善算法收敛性能。最后通过Kacem标准算例进行了仿真实验与性能分析,验证了RLNSGA-II的有效性与优越性。     

贵州兽类物种多样性现状及保护对策

贵州是中国兽类物种多样性最丰富的省区之一 ,计有 14 2种 ,物种丰富度仅次于云南和四川 ,物种密度每 10 0 0 0km2 为 8 34 ,仅次于台湾和海南。我国特有兽类分布于贵州的有 2 3种之多 ,其中黔金丝猴仅分布于贵州。分布类型复杂。大中型兽类受威胁的程度相当严重。保护贵州兽类多样性的主要对策是 :提高干部和群众的保护意识 ;加大资金投入 ;加强保护区建设 ,保护好受威胁兽类的生境     

New species of Monstrilloida (Crustacea: Copepoda) from the Eastern Tropical Pacific

Monstrilloid copepods were collected from the oceanic island Isla del Coco in the Eastern Tropical Pacific; two undescribed species were found, one of Cymbasoma and one of Monstrillopsis. The first species, represented by females only, is distinguished by the structure of its fifth legs, the antennular armature and the position of the ovigerous spines. The new Monstrillopsis, represented by male specimens, is distinguished by its genital lappets and details of the antennule armature. The isolation of this island, 532 km from the mainland, and the limited dispersal means of monstrilloids suggest potential endemism of these species. A recent record of Cymbasoma tumorifrons from the Mexican Pacific was found to represent a new species of Cymbasoma. It can be distinguished from C. tumorifrons, probably a Mediterranean form, by its body shape and antennular armature. These findings double the number of monstrilloid species known from the Eastern Tropical Pacific.     

中西方群体取向和个人主义取向价值观探析

随着中西方各领域交流日益频繁，这样那样的误解甚至冲突，即cultural hock（文化休克）时有发生。中西方文化分别根植于不同的历史、地理、宗教、文化渊源和现实环境中，致使中西方群体取向和个人主义取向价值观有明显差异。中西方应立足各自文化自主性，内向自省，外向敞开，相互了解，相互理解，相互包容，求同存异，共建和谐文化与繁荣。     

合并会计报表刍议

合并会计报表是会计理论和实务中的一个重要问题．不同国家在合并会计的理论和处理方法上存在着巨大差异，对合并报表的探讨既可使我们借鉴和吸收国外经验，又可与国际会计惯例接轨，以便推动我国合并会计报表理论和实务的发展．     

Evaluation of genetic diversity and relationships within and between two breeds of duck based on microsatellite markers

The genetic diversity of two natural populations (M, N) of Beijing duck (Anas platyrhynchos) and 11 artificially selected lines of Beijing duck (A, B, E-L, O) from China Gold Star Duck Production Ltd., along with two Cherry Valley duck lines (C and D) from the British Cherry Valley Livestock Division, was evaluated using 18 microsatellite markers covering 16 linkage groups. A phylogenetic tree of the 15 populations of duck, formed of four main branches, was constructed from Nei’s D_A genetic distance. The mean genetic differentiation index (F_ST) in all loci, Nei’s standard genetic distance (Ds), and the genetic distance D_A between the Beijing duck and the Cherry Valley duck were 0.075, 0.143 and 0.142, respectively. These results demonstrated a high degree of genetic similarity between the two breeds and supported the hypothesis that the Cherry Valley duck was derived from the Beijing duck. The F_ST matrix of seven clusters of Beijing duck suggested that the efficiency of selection was not significant to some extent and should be supplemented by marker-assisted selection.     

论高职教育课程设置的多样化

作为教育活动的核心问题，高职教育的课程设置已经成为我国高职教育内涵式发展的关键所在。各高职院校由于所处区域、自身条件的不同，在课程设置上也将表现出多样化的发展趋势。从职业导向、区域发展、学校特色及学习者个性需要等角度，高职课程设置多样化具有重要意义；从高职课程的目的、内容、类型、结构模式及评价主体等方面，探索高职课程设置多样化的方式与途径；在进行高职课程多样化设置过程中，还应注意几个问题。     

Relationships of Aegilops tauschii revealed by DNA fingerprints: The evidence for agriculture exchange between China and the West

Genetic diversity and relationships of wild goat grass (Aegilops tauschii Cosson) from Iran and Xinjiang,west China,as well as its weedy type from the Yellow River region of Shaanxi and Henan provinces in China were analyzed by simple sequence repeat (SSR) fingerprints.A high level of genetic diversity in Aegilops tauschii accessions from Iran was observed,and the richness of genetic diversity was followed by accessions from Shaanxi,Henan,and Xinjiang.The weedy type of Aegilops tauschii showed a close genetic relationship with the wild type from different regions in Iran.The results indicated that the weedy Aegilops tauschii found in the Yellow River region was most likely introduced from lran-the diversity center of Aegilops tauschii.The weedy Aegilops tauschii populations found in the Yellow River region may be brought into the central part of China as a weed species together with common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) from the West during various periods of time in history.This finding has provided strong evidence for the introduction of common wheat from the West into China via the Silk Road,and also demonstrated the important role of the Silk Road in the exchange of agri-culture and other relevant technologies between China and the West.     

湖南省苦苣苔科植物物种多样性分析

通过对中国湖南省苦苣苔科植物野外调查以及文献资料整理,从苦苣苔科植物的属种组成、区系成分及地理分布特征等方面,阐述湖南省苦苣苔植物多样性现状。湖南省内共有苦苣苔科植物17属81种(含种下单位,下同),无特有属;特有种23种,占总种数28.40%。省内苦苣苔科植物主要分布于湘西北和湘西南地区。种数排前五的属为广义报春苣苔属(24种)、广义马铃苣苔属(17种)、半蒴苣苔属(9种)、石山苣苔属(6种)、长蒴苣苔属(5种)及吊石苣苔属(5种)。地理成分以热带成分为主。在种的分类水平上,特有成分所含种数32种,占总种数的45.07%,表明湖南省苦苣苔科植物特有性较高。针对苦苣苔科植物分布特性以及湖南苦苣苔科植物多样性现状,本文给出了合理保护与开发利用省内野生资源的建议。