弧焊过程电信号分析系统的研究

弧焊过程电信号分析系统是研制高质量焊接电源设备的一种重要测试技术手段，本文基于Windows环境、调整数据采集卡PCL1800和工控机通用平台，采用VisualC＋＋0开发出高速侈功能弧焊电信号测试分析软件，该系统能精确测定焊接过程的弧焊电压和焊接电流波形，并提出焊接过程动特性的特征信息，从而为高性能焊机的研制和焊接工艺参数的优化提供了一个强有力的工具。     

Orthogonal discrete frequency coding waveform design based on chaos

Orthogonal waveform design is quite an important issue for waveform diversity systems. A chaos based method for the orthogonal discrete frequency coding waveform (DFCW) design is proposed to increase the insufficient orthogonal waveform number and their finite coding length. Premises for chaos choosing and the frequency quantification method are discussed to obtain the best correlation properties. Simulation results show the validity of the theoretic analysis.     

Simutaneous radar imaging and velocity measuring with step frequency waveforms

The principle and method of both radar target imaging and velocity measurement simultaneously based on step frequency waveforms is presented. Velocity compensation is necessary in order to obtain the good High resolution range profile since this waveform is greatly sensitive to the Doppler shift. The velocity measurement performance of the four styles is analyzed with two pulse trains consisted of positive and negative step frequency waveforms. The velocity of targets can be estimated first coarsely by using the pulse trains with positive-positive step frequency combination, and then fine by positive-negative combination. Simulation results indicate that the method can accomplish the accurate estimation of the velocity with efficient computation and good anti-noise performance and obtain the good HRRP simultaneously.     

High-resolution swath bathymetry using MIMO sonar system

For increasing the cross-track resolution, the multiple input multiple output （MIMO） technique is introduced into the swath bathymetry system and a new swath bathymetry approach using MIMO sonar is proposed. The MIMO sonar is composed of two parallel transmitting uniform linear arrays （ULAs） and a receiving ULA which is perpendicular to the former. The spacing between the two transmitting ULAs is equal to the product of the receiving sensor number and the receiving inter-sensor spacing. Furthermore, two narrowband linear frequency modulation （LFM） pulses, sharing the same frequency band but with opposite modulation slopes, are used as transmitting waveforms of the two transmitting ULAs. With such an array layout and transmitting signals, the MIMO sonar can sound a swath with the cross-track resolution doubling that of the traditional multibeam sonar using a Mills cross array. Numerical examples are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.     

双曲调频波形抑制间歇采样转发干扰效果分析

双曲调频(hyperbolic frequency modulated, HFM)波形具有多普勒不变性, 在宽带雷达对高速目标的成像中具有重要价值。而间歇采样转发干扰(interrupted sampling repeater jamming, ISRJ)作为一种常见的有源干扰, 利用了脉冲压缩雷达的相干特性, 实现了多假目标干扰的效果, 对采用线性调频波形的雷达探测有着极大影响。该文基于对HFM波形和ISRJ的模型分析, 推导出HFM波形参数与ISRJ的效果之间的相关关系; 并经分析表明: HFM波形不仅具有良好的多普勒不变性, 而且较线性调频波形对ISRJ有更好的抑制效果。该结论可为HFM波形抗干扰设计提供理论依据, 数值仿真验证了结论的有效性。     

FMT与FBMC/OQAM非正交接入波形共存分析及处理

针对滤波多音调制(filtered multi-tone modulation, FMT)和滤波器组多载波/交错正交幅度调制(filterbank-based multicarrier/offset quadrature amplitude modulation, FBMC/OQAM)波形非正交接入共存问题,提出了应用快速卷积方法进行数值化分析的方案。通过快速卷积方法,在相邻的频段同时产生FMT和FBMC/OQAM信号,以快速傅里叶变换粒度调整保护间隔,得到FMT频谱频点的变化值,构建FBMC/OQAM对FMT系统的干扰矩阵,并提出预编码方案优化滤波器过渡带系数消除干扰。仿真实验表明,快速卷积方法能更精确分析波形之间的干扰,通过所提预编码方案, FMT和FBMC/OQAM信号之间可以高效率共存,波形之间的干扰得到有效抑制,受干扰影响的误码率性能得到有效改善。     

轴压荷载下钢管混凝土损伤状态超声波检测

对3种壁厚的薄壁圆钢管高强混凝土短柱进行轴压试验,在加载过程中对柱中截面进行超声波检测,得到不同轴压荷载下的波形图,对波形图进行快速傅里叶变换,得到超声波通过钢管混凝土的频谱图.分别利用波形图、不同荷载作用下的波形最大幅值图和频谱图分析钢管内混凝土的损伤演变过程.试验结果表明:轴压荷载作用下钢管内混凝土的损伤呈3段式变化,分别为初期裂缝的扩展、套箍作用下的逐步密实和混凝土破坏.钢管外壁的应变分析发现其变化过程与超声波检测的波形和频谱分析的损伤过程一致.超声波技术可准确检测轴压荷载作用下钢管内混凝土的损伤状态.     

基于虚拟孔径投影的共形阵MIMO雷达发射波形设计

为了克服共形阵天线单元指向互异带来波形旁瓣高的缺点,该文以圆弧阵为例,提出一种基于虚拟孔径投影的共形阵多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output，MIMO)雷达发射波形设计方法。该方法首先对各阵元指向进行精确建模,并通过共形阵虚拟投影方法,获得规则虚拟投影阵列;其次向量化发射信号矩阵,将发射波形设计问题转为发射信号协方差矩阵降秩问题;最后通过log det heuristic 算法获得针对该虚拟阵列波形设计的凸优化数学模型,并利用凸优化工具箱对其求解。仿真结果表明,相较于现有方法,该方法能够对共形阵MIMO雷达设计更低旁瓣的发射波形。     

首波、模式波及井孔全波时域波列的数值模拟与分析

运用准弹性地层下的点声源裸眼井模型,分别采用SMF支割线积分围道和竖直路径积分围道,用科希定理计算了分波(首波、横波及模式波),并同时用实轴积分法计算了全波.结果表明,不同积分围道的分波之和都与全波相符合.通过对比和分析,揭示了井孔声波中不同成分波的相互转换和作用规律.     

Five invaginations and shedding of the larval epidermis during development of the hoplonemertean Pantinonemertes californiensis (Nemertea: Hoplonemertea)

We describe the planuliform larval development of the high intertidal hoplonemertean Pantinonemertes californiensis using confocal microscopy. We discovered that the newly hatched planuliform larva has two pairs of epidermal invaginations that disappear later in development. The anterior pair of invaginations has an apparent counterpart in other planuliform nemertean larvae; they give rise to the cerebral organs in at least two other hoplonemertean species. Although the adult P. californiensis possesses cerebral organs, we were not able to distinguish the anterior invaginations after 3 days of development. The developmental fate and homology of the posterior pair of invaginations is uncertain. We show that the proboscis develops in newly hatched larvae as a fifth distinct invagination just ventral of the apical plate. P. californiensis possesses a transitory larval epidermis, composed of approximately 80 multiciliated cells, which is normally shed at 3–4 days of development at 12–16°C.