基于比较优势的吉林省种植业结构调整

对吉林省主要农作物的效率比较优势指数、规模比较优势指数和综合比较优势指数进行了计算和分析,结果表明吉林省在玉米、水稻等大宗农作物生产效率上同全国相比没有明显优势;甜菜、烟叶、油料、麻类等经济作物同全国相比处于劣势;玉米、高粱、大豆、甜菜4种作物同全国相比有规模优势,且玉米、高粱优势较大,其它作物处于劣势;吉林省玉米、高粱、大豆同全国相比具有综合比较优势,其它作物处于劣势。将吉林省各地区主要农作物的综合比较优势指数划分为4级,与之相对应调整措施,从而确定了各地区的优势组合,为各地区提出了农作物种植结构调整方向。表10,参16。     

Carboxymethytl Pachymaram Up-Regulates Dendritic Cell＇s Function in Hepatitis B Virus Transgenic Mice

The effect of carboxymethytl pachymaram (CMP) on the function of dendritic cells(DCs) derived from spleens of hepatitis B virus transgenic mice are studied in vitro. The phenotypes of DCs are tested by flow cytometry (FCM), cytokines measured by ELISA. The expression of DCs’ phenotypes in HBV transgenic mice are low (CD80⁺CD11c⁺:59.12±11.53 vs 9.60±4.53, p<0.01; CD80⁺ MHC-II⁺: 44.86±12.31 vs 9.80±5.72, p<0.01, normal mice vs HBV transgenic mice), the ability of DCs stimulating T lymphocytes proliferation decreases (0.37±0.11 vs 0.20±0.11, p<0.05, normal mice vs HBV transgenic mice), levels of IL-12 and IFN-γ decrease whereas the level of IL-10 increases; CMP can enhance DCs’ ability of stimulating T lymphocytes proliferation, facilitate the secretion of IL-12 and IFN-γ, inhibit the secretion of IL-10, thus up regulates DCs function. The results show a good prospective use of CMP on the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Biography: HOU Anji (1963–), male, Ph.D. candidate, Associate professor, research direction: clinical virology.     

用复制酶基因cDNA探针检测表达病毒外壳蛋白基因马铃薯中的PLRV

利用马铃薯卷叶病毒（ＰＬＲＶ）复制酶基因３′端长约６００ｂｐ的ｃＤＮＡ，用缺口平移方法进行３２Ｐ同位素标记，制备成ｃＤＮＡ探针，通过核酸斑点杂交，对提纯的马铃薯卷叶病毒（ＰＬＲＶ）、病毒ＲＮＡ、ＰＬＲＶ感染的马铃薯汁液，表达ＰＬＲＶＣＰ基因的马铃薯叶片及块茎芽进行了检测．结果表明，３２Ｐ标记的复制酶基因ｃＤＮＡ探针特异性强、灵敏度高．可测得提纯病毒的最低含量为４０８ｎｇ／ｍｌ，病毒ＲＮＡ最低量为２７．８ｐｇ／ｍｌ，未转ＣＰ基因接种ＰＬＲＶ的马铃薯叶片提取液的最高稀释度为１３７５．接种ＰＬＲＶ的转ＣＰ基因的抗性马铃薯块茎芽和叶片提取液的最高稀释度为０～１／１５．此探针和只转入病毒外壳蛋白基因，不接种ＰＬＲＶ的转基因马铃薯汁液不发生反应．表明，探针只与ＰＬＲＶ基因组ＲＮＡ特异反应，而不与外壳蛋白基因及其ｍＲＮＡ反应，从而为表达ＣＰ基因的转基因马铃薯中ＰＬＲＶ的检测和抗病性鉴定建立了一种可靠的灵敏的分子生物学技术．此项技术已用于转ＣＰ基因马铃薯Ｄｅｓｉｒｅ，Ｆａｖｏｒｉｔａ，乌盟６０１和虎头的抗病性鉴定     

Introduction of rice chitinase gene into wheat via low energy Ar+ beam implantation

A chitinase gene (RCH8) in plasmid vector pCAMBIA1308 was delivered into 3 wheat cultivars (Yangmai 158, Wan 9210, Wanmai 32) by low energy Ar⁺ beam-mediated method. Preliminary calli from treated mature embryos were first selected on hygromycin (Hm, 20 or 30 mg/L) containing medium. After the resistant calli formed, they were transferred to the regeneration medium with 10 or 20 mg/L Hm. All the three wheat varieties obtained transgenic plants. PCR and PCR-Southern assays showed that most plants regenerated from the resistant calli were positive transgenic plants. Southern blot of the positive green plants confirmed stable integration of alien DNA into wheat genome. The plant transformation frequencies varied with the variety and ion dose implanted. Wanmai 32 possessed the highest transformation frequency, reaching 3.8% at a suitable implantation dose. The transformation frequency of Yangmai 158 and Wan 9210 varied from 0.5% to 2.5% and from 0.5% to 1.4%, respectively. Progeny test for resistance to wheat scab showed that the leaf extract of R₁ generation inhibited the growth of wheat scab strain R₀ and F₁₅.     

农杆菌介导的胆碱脱氢酶基因(betA)转化小麦及影响转化效率的因素

用LBA4404／pCDH，Agl 1／pUNN2和Ag;P(无质粒)3种菌株分别转化小麦品种济南177、99P、核生3号幼胚诱导的愈伤组织以及济南177的幼胚．其中以胚性愈伤组织为外植体，获得了转基因植株．PCR和PCR-Southem分析证实转化植株中包含了外源基因．通过染色体分析，发现胚性愈伤组织在农杆菌LBA4404侵染后形成的染色体削减比经Agl1侵染和未经感染的对照形成的染色体削减程度更大，甚至发现较多的染色体断片．分析了农杆菌菌株，材料的基因型，外植体类型，培养时间和温度以及筛选的时间和周期对于转化效率的影响．     

Construction of ice nucleation active <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterobacter cloacae</Emphasis> for control of insect pests

Ice nucleation active(INA)bacteria are the most potent heterogeneous ice nuclei in nature,which have become an important biological resource for diverse applications.Many researches have proved that INA bacteria can raise the supercooling points(SCPs)of insect pests,then reduce their cold hardiness.However,INA bacteria‘s inefficient colonization on the surface or in the guts of insects,and the high incidence of frost injury induced by their release hampered the application of INA bacteria in controlling insect pests in agricultural fields.In this study,we constructed a recombinant plasmid mob-Tn5-iceA with the ability of broad-host-range conjugal mobilization and integration of the ina gene of icaA into chromosomal DNA of many gram-negative bacteria by Tn5 transposition.In addition,Ent.cloacae strains stably carrying iceA and expressing high ice nucleation activity(INA),even in the absence of antibiotic pressure,were constructed through conjugal mobilization and Tn5 transposition.Ent,cloacae strains have benn reported to be able to efficently colonize in the guts of insects,but have weak plant epiphytic ability.Therefore,these transgenic Ent.Cloacae may be promising candidates for control of insect pests in agricultural fields.     

几种农作物对垃圾污水中N、P、Cl吸收特性

用阜阳市区中、西清河垃圾污水培养几种农作物种子,探讨污水培养下幼苗对污水中N、P、Cl等营养盐的吸 收特性．结果表明:菜豆和玉米在萌芽阶段的抗污水胁迫能力要高于上海青和荆荠种子,荆荠和上海青种子虽能萌 芽但不能长成幼苗．从同一种种子萌苗也可以看出两条河流水质的污染状况:西清河水质污染状况比中清河严重．N 和Cl在菜豆和玉米幼苗内都是随着污水浓度升高而增加;但玉米幼苗在自来水、2种污水培养中P的含量却呈现负 增加．菜豆对N、P、Cl元素的吸收率均高于玉米,这表明菜豆对N、P、Cl元素的吸收效果要比玉米好．     

一种基于手动芯片点样仪的快捷高效的转基因植物PCR-dot-blot鉴定法

本论文报道一种快捷高效的PCR—dot—blot新方法．该方法利用手动芯片点样仪将微量PCR产物（约100pgDNA）点样,并采用North2 South Biotin Random Prime DNA Labeling and Detection Kit（PIERCE）完成快速斑点杂交．通过鉴定转基因烟草证明这种方法是可行而有效的．这种新方法节省材料,效率极高,特别适合大批量鉴定转基因植物．     

转基因植物药物的开发研究评述

基因工程的完善与发展为利用转基因植物作为生物反应器来开发与生物转基因植物药物提供了可靠的技术基础，目前已利用转基因植物作为反应器生产出了多种转基因植物药物，其中包括多种药品和疫苗，已有的转基因植物药物的临床实验及国内外的应用表明转基因植物药物安全是可靠的，随着表达效率和遗传稳定性的不断提高，转基因植物药物的开发研究将会在21世纪得到更大的发展。     

转基因产品的检测方法

基因工程技术的飞速发展使转基因生物正在向产业化发展,而有效管理转基因产品的前提是对产品进行转基因成分的准确检测,本文简要介绍了转基因产品的发展概况以及转基因产品的检测研究现状。gus基因可测定外源基因的表达部位,因而被认为是首选的报告基因;PCR扩增方法快速简便;Southern杂交特异性强,可以检测外源基因的整合情况,是当前鉴定转基因产品的权威方法;Western杂交结果与性状表现有直接关系。