考虑了交箱时间不确定性的场桥堆存作业优化

客户送箱时间的不确定性直接影响出口箱的场桥堆存作业效率和其在集装箱码头堆场的堆存状态,进而增加场桥作业移动距离以及后续装船过程中的翻箱作业量,降低码头作业效率.针对该问题通过马尔可夫链预测方法将随机交箱序列转化为广义交箱序列,在此基础上,结合集装箱港口作业实际,建立了以最小化预翻箱数量和场桥堆存作业移动距离为目标的场桥调度优化两阶段数学模型,并分别针对初始决策阶段和实时调度阶段设计了静态与动态求解算法.通过仿真算例,借助于与不同堆存策略的对比,显示了优化模型及算法的实用性与有效性,为场桥调度方案的实时生成提供决策支持.     

建设管理模式匹配关系及其对项目绩效的影响

建设管理模式对项目内外部条件的适应程度直接影响项目绩效水平.基于对建设管理模式的研究成果和实践案例分析,揭示建设管理模式描述要素和项目条件要素之间的匹配关系对项目绩效的影响,构建了要素之间的匹配关系模型.提取世界银行在中国投资的30个公共建设项目案例数据,通过Spearman相关分析对模型作了定量检验,分析了匹配关系对项目绩效的影响及其作用机理.结果表明,在项目中咨询方通过项目可行性研究等前期工作促进了业主对项目的风险控制水平,从而提高了项目绩效,管理模式和项目条件之间的匹配关系越合理则项目绩效越良好.据此,提出了项目建设管理模式选择的建议和原则,建立的模型和成果对类似工程建设管理模式的构建具有借鉴意义.     

塔河油田重质原油外输管道安全输量分析

随着投用时间的增长和产量的变化,塔河油田原油管道在生产运行过程中会处在低输量的状态下。由于环境温度变化较大,所输油品凝点黏度较高等因素,重油管道在低输量条件下有可能会陷入不稳定工作区甚至发生凝管停输等危险。调研了原油管道安全输量的相关文献,针对塔河油田塔雅管线的实际运行状况,考虑了管道运行过程中摩擦热的影响,建立了管线运行时的平衡方程式。运用逐步搜索法,通过输量和终点温度的关系得到了热力学最小输量;通过输量和沿程摩阻的关系得到了水力学最小安全输量。综合得到的输量结果,进行了规律性分析,并针对塔雅管线的运行,提出了建议。     

Sialyl Lewisx-liposomes as vehicles for site-directed, E-selectin-mediated drug transfer into activated endothelial cells

E-selectin, exclusively expressed on activated endothelial cells, is a potential target for site-directed delivery of agents. We and others have shown that sialyl Lewis^x-liposomes (sLe^x-liposomes) are recognized by E-selectin. We now report an approach employing sLe^x-liposomes to deliver antisense oligonucleotides (AS-ODNs) directed against the adhesion molecule ICAM-1 to activated vascular endothelial cells. ICAM-1 expression was analyzed at the protein level by immunofluorescence and a cell surface ELISA, and at the RNA level by RT-PCR. We have investigated two different AS-ODNs complementary to the 3′ untranslated region and the AUG translation initiation codon of ICAM-1 mRNA. Both inhibited protein expression, but did not influence the mRNA level, pointing to a hybridization of AS-ODNs with the mRNA in the cytoplasm. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of a novel approach for the delivery of agents to activated endothelial cells by glycoliposomes targeted to E-selectin. Received 16 October 2000; revised 29 November 2000; accepted 29 November 2000     

具有同时集送货需求的车辆路径问题的粗粒度并行遗传算法

设计了求解VRPSDP的粗粒度并行遗传算法(CGPGA),其中遗传算法以最优划分法计算适应值,邻域搜索法作为变异算子,定义了群体多样性结构.并行算法以单向环作为连接拓扑,各子群体独立进行遗传操作,迁移算子用于群体间的信息交流,采用多样性替换的方法进行个体替换.论文给出了CGPGA算法在集群系统上的重复非阻塞MPI实现.对典型VRPSDP实例进行测试的结果表明:CGPGA算法在大部分实例上超过了已知最好解,未达到已知最好解的实例与已知最好解的相对误差不超过1.5%.在计算速度方面,CGPGA算法具有接近线性甚至超线性的加速比,提高了遗传算法的求解速度.     

pH-responsive vaccine delivery systems for improving cellular immunity

Immune vaccination is a critically important strategy in disease prevention and treatment. In vaccination, efficient vaccine carriers are necessary to augment the immune response initiated by vaccines generally with weak immunogenecity. Nowadays, commercially available vaccine/carrier formulations induce effective humoral immunity but weak or none cellular immunity. However, in practice, cellular rather than humoral immunity plays the key role in treating some intractable diseases such as AIDS and cancers, in which the elicited cytotoxic T lymphocytes can directly kill HIV-infected or cancer cells. To trigger potent cellular immunity, the carriers should help antigens escape from endosomal/lysosomal degradation and release them directly into the cytosol of antigen presenting cells. To this aim, such kind of vaccine carriers should be rationally designed and prepared in terms of their structure and physiochemical properties. Here, we summarized the recent advances in pH-responsive vaccine carriers exclusively developed for improving cellular immunity.     

应用层多播技术的分析与研究

针对现有多播协议均忽略代价不对称性建立共享多播树这一问题,分析并设计了一种基于源端建立多播树的算法,并实现了与之相关的支持轻量级应用的应用层多播协议.基于本协议开发了一套应用层多播聊天程序,并在校园网上进行了实验.结果表明,所设计的应用层多播机制能有效地支持小规模的多播通信.     

最优公共交货期单机提前/拖后调度和对应的批次送货

本文考虑了一个包含工件生产和工件送货的单机调度问题。目标是寻找所有工件的公共交货期和每个工件的送货时间使得工件所受到惩罚(提前／拖后惩罚,送货费用等)的值最小。完成的工件按照批次进行送货,所有在公共交货期前完工的工件在最优交货期时间一起交付,对批次送货没有量的约束。本文确定了最优公共交货期,并给出了相应的排序。     

Cationic polymeric nanoformulation: Recent advances in material design for CRISPR/Cas9 gene therapy

CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat associated proteins 9) gene editing platform is a promising therapeutic tool for genetic disorders, due to its ability to manipulate the pathogenic gene in genomic level and to easily target specific gene by manipulating single-guide RNA. However, its successful delivery remains a challenge. Up to now, great efforts have been made to explore an effective strategy for CRISPR/Cas9 delivery. But among those delivery methods, physical methods are mainly operated on cultured cells thus limited to laboratorial use; viral vectors are hindered by fetal immunogenic and carcinogenic effects thus dubious in clinical application. Therefore, cationic polymeric vectors, with the ability to interact with CRISPR/Cas9 system to form a nanoformulation as a non-viral approach, are attracting increasing attentions, due to advantages such as well protection of cargos, less limitation in payload size, low immunogenicity or carcinogenicity, potential modifications for further functions, and ease in mass production. In this review, the recent discoveries on polymeric vectors utilized in delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 system will be summarized. With emphasis on advanced features of those polymeric vectors or their nanoformulations to meet the demands of different CRISPR/Cas9 delivery forms (plasmid, mRNA or protein), the detailed illustrations on their disease treatment applications, such as cancer, diabetes or antibiotic-resistant infections, will also be reviewed.     

基于组播的流量发布

实际流量数据对于互联网络的研究有着重要的意义. 由于存储发布方面的一些困难,公开的实际流量数据很少. 为此提出一种基于组播的流量发布协议,流量不再需要保存到存储设备,使用者只需要加入到组播组中,就可以接收到最新的流量数据. 这样既避免了存储的巨大开销,又避免了发布时下载产生的拥塞. 定义了一种新的数据包发布格式,能够和PCAP格式进行互相转化,且更为紧凑. 通过将各个多个流量数据包归并为一个大的数据包发送,避免了接收者的性能负担.