Nd0.5Sr0.4Pb0.1Mn1-xFexO3氧化物的结构和电磁特性研究

对Nd0．5Sr0．4Pb0．1Mn1-xFexO3系列多晶样品的结构和电磁特性进行了实验研究,并用双交换模型对实验结果作了解释,在x=0．00～0．08范围内获得了单相样品．Fe^3 的替代没有引起整个系列样品的结构变化,空间群为Pbnm,但Fe的掺杂强烈地抑制了双交换作用．当x≤0．06时．随着温度从5K升高到325K．样品经历了铁磁金属态向顺磁半导态的转变．当x≥0．08时．铁磁态完全消失过渡为绝缘态．     

自然水体生物膜上铁氧化物含量对生物膜吸附镉特性的影响

利用长春南湖水培养生物膜, 研究自然水体生物膜上铁氧化物的含量变化对生物 膜吸附镉动力学、 热力学的影响. 结果表明, 在自然水体生物膜吸附镉的过程中, 生物 膜对镉的吸附随生物膜上铁氧化物的含量呈规律性变化.     

含钼氧化物对碳烟和NOx的催化去除特性

通过在MoO3上添加不同金属氧化物,制备了一系列含低熔点物质的催化剂．利用程序升温控制反应（TPR）,探讨了紧接触、松接触不同条件下活性组分和载体对碳烟的催化氧化及NOx还原活性的影响,分析讨论了碳烟和NOx同时催化去除机理．实验结果表明,添加K和某些金属氧化物能改善碳烟和催化剂的接触,提高催化活性．NiO的添加使得NOx转换效率达到最高（38％）,CuO的添加使得碳烟的起燃温度最低,不同载体的催化活性顺序为TiO2〉SiO2〉ZrO2〉Nb2O5〉Al2O3．     

密度泛函理论的电负性与氧化物超导性的关系

研究了稀土氧化物与元素电负性之间的关系。用电负性均衡值Xcq作为稀土氧化物超导电性新的判据依据,并用均方根公式确定稀土氧化物中元素电负性的均衡值Xcq集中在4.537~6.571,而电负性的均衡值在此范围之外的稀土氧化物都不具有超导性。     

Effect of tin addition on the microstructure and properties of ferritic stainless steel

This article reports the effects of Sn on the inclusions as well as the mechanical properties and hot workability of ferritic stainless steel. Precipitation phases and inclusions in Sn-bearing ferritic stainless steel were observed, and the relationship between the workability and the microstructure of the steel was established. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis of the steel reveals that an almost pure Sn phase forms and MnS-Sn compound inclusions appear in the steel with a higher Sn content. Little Sn segregation was observed in grain boundaries and in the areas around sulfide inclusions; however, the presence of Sn does not adversely affect the workability of the steel containing 0.4wt% Sn. When the Sn content is 0.1wt%-0.4wt%, Sn improves the tensile strength and the plastic strain ratio and also improves the plasticity with increasing temperature. A mechanism of improving the workability of ferritic stainless steel induced by Sn addition was discussed:the presence of Sn lowers the defect concentration in the ultra-pure ferritic lattice and the good distribution of tin in the lattice overcomes the problem of hot brittleness that occurs in low-carbon steel as a result of Sn segregation.     

Effects of sintering atmosphere on the physical and mechanical properties of modified BOF slag glass

This study proposes an efficient way to utilize all the chemical components of the basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag to prepare high value-added glass-ceramics. A molten modified BOF slag was converted from the melting BOF slag by reducing it and separating out iron component in it, and the modified BOF slag was then quenched in water to form glasses with different basicities. The glasses were subsequently sintered in the temperature range of 600–1000℃ in air or nitrogen atmosphere for 1 h. The effects of different atmospheres on the physical and mechanical properties of sintered samples were studied by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by conducting experiment on evaluating the sintering shrinkage, water absorption and bulk density. It is found that the kinetics of the sintering process is significantly affected by sintering atmosphere. In particular, compared with sintering in air atmosphere, sintering in N₂ atmosphere promotes the synergistic growth of pyroxene and melilite crystalline phases, which can contribute to better mechanical properties and denser microstructure.     

Thermodynamic analysis of the compositional control of inclusions in cutting-wire steel

Data from a thermodynamic database and the calculation software FactSage were used to investigate the phase diagrams of the MnO-CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ system in cutting-wire steel and the effects of oxide components on the low-melting-point (LMP) zone in the corresponding phase diagrams. Furthermore, the activities of oxide components in the quaternary system at an Al₂O₃ content of 25wt% were calculated. The contents of dissolved [Al] and [O] in liquid steel in equilibrium with LMP inclusions in the MnO-CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ system were optimized. The results show that the MnO-CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ system possesses the largest LMP zone (below 1400°C) at an Al₂O₃ content of 25wt% and that the CaO content should be simultaneously controlled in the range of 40wt% to 45wt%. The activities of the oxide components CaO, MnO, and SiO₂ should be restricted in the ranges of 0 to 0.05, 0.01 to 0.6, and 0.001 to 0.8, respectively. To obtain LMP inclusions, the [Al] and [O] contents in cutting-wire steel must be controlled within the ranges of 0.5×10-6 to 1.0×10-5 and 3.0×10-6 to 5.0×10-5, respectively.     

超声波-化学沉淀法制备纳米二氧化锡

在超声波作用下通过SnCl2·2H2O与NH3·H2O反应制备了纳米SnO2粉体·在pH=5 0条件下,得到的SnO2中不含杂相且接近理论产率·煅烧SnO2粉体可使其晶型由非晶转变为晶态·纳米SnO2粒径生长与煅烧温度关系密切,温度升高,煅烧后得到的SnO2粉体粒径相应增大,二者符合d=0.2027t-30.7750的关系,而煅烧时间对粒径生长的影响不大·实验发现,350℃煅烧15min是SnO2晶型转变的合适条件,得到了20nm左右的球形SnO2晶体·     

尺寸可控的SnO_2纳米颗粒合成和高效光催化性能研究

采用水热法合成了SnO2纳米颗粒,通过XRD、TEM、HRTEM和DRS等手段系统表征了合成颗粒.结果表明:通过调节NaCl浓度可有效控制SnO2纳米颗粒的尺寸,在NaCl浓度为1.13 mol/L时SnO2纳米颗粒的晶粒尺寸约6 nm.DRS图谱显示SnO2纳米颗粒在200～400 nm的紫外光范围内有明显的吸收.该催化材料在模拟太阳光下降解罗丹明B表现出优异的光催化性能,主要是由于其颗粒尺寸较小,比表面积较大.