用IAL-CHS反应器降解2,4-DCP和处理啤酒废水的比较

利用IAL-CHS反应器分别吸附单一的微生物Achromobactersp.来降解2,4-二氯酚(2,4-DCP)和吸附复合微生物菌群来处理啤酒废水.通过比较试验表明,单一的微生物和复合微生物菌群均能很容易地在蜂窝陶瓷载体的表面上形成生物膜,并表现出较高的生物活性.在连续降解2,4-DCP时,反应器稳定运行之后,2,4-DCP的去除率达到98％.连续流处理啤酒废水时,在水力停留时间为7h条件下,随着进水的COD浓度逐渐增加,其COD去除率达到95.5％.有机物负荷也逐渐增高,达到3.52kgCOD／(m3·d).     

HMC工艺对选煤厂洗水闭路循环的影响

高效重介质旋流器分选(HMC)是煤炭深度降灰脱硫新技术.探讨采用HMC工艺后,磁选尾矿对介质再生、煤泥水沉降特性和絮凝剂选择的影响.研究表明磁尾与伴生粘土矿物的协同效应会改变粘土矿物和煤颗粒双电层的电动电位,对介质回收、煤泥水沉降产生负面影响.     

冲击作用下水力驱动装置流固耦合动力学

研究反应堆控制棒水力驱动装置在冲击作用下的流固耦合动力学问题。针对系统受向上和向下冲击两种情况,以及系统不同的设计参数,采用商用软件MSC.DYTRAN计算了系统计算模型的动力学响应。计算结果表明水力驱动装置在冲击载荷下的响应与冲击方向、步进缸水柱长短有关。向下冲击比向上冲击使系统产生更大的响应;在同样的冲击下,步进缸水柱越长响应幅值越大。此分析结果可用来评估系统的抗冲击能力。     

一种新的预测PID控制器

提出了一种新的预测PID控制器 ,通过将广义预测控制的控制律写成PID的形式 ,使PID控制器具有预测的功能。同时 ,在广义预测控制的性能指标中引入稳态误差加权项 ,用较小的预测时域和稳态条件代替较大的预测时域 ,从而减小了在线计算量。在连续搅拌反应釜 (CSTR)上进行的仿真试验验证了该技术的可行性 ,新控制器的控制性能优于普通的预测PID控制器。     

不同载体和前驱体对钴基催化剂浆相费托合成性能的影响

以SiO2和γ Al2O3为载体,以硝酸钴、醋酸钴和氯化钴为前驱体,利用浸渍法制备出钴基细粒子催化剂。用X射线衍射、程序升温还原、比表面测试等技术考察了钴基催化剂的结构和还原性能,分析了不同载体和前驱体对浆相费托反应性能的影响。结果表明,SiO2载体上钴物种的分散度和还原度均高于γ Al2O3载体,因而Co/γ Al2O3催化剂的活性最差,CO转化率远低于Co/SiO2催化剂。不同钴前驱体所制备的Co/SiO2催化剂钴物种的分散度和还原度有很大的差别,其相应的Co/SiO2催化剂的浆相费托活性顺序由大到小依次为:Co(NO3)2,Co(NO3)2+Co(CH3CO2)2,Co(CH3CO2)2,CoCl2。     

Leaching Mechanism of Complicated Antimony-Lead Concentrate and Sulfur Formation in Slurry Electrolysis

Anodic reaction mechanism of complicated antimony-lead concentrate in slurry electrolysis was investigated by the anodic polarization curves determined under various conditions. The main reactions on the anode are the oxidations of FeCln^(2-n) . Though the oxidation of jamesonite particle on the anode can occur during the whole process, it is less. With the help of mineralogy studies and relevant tests, the leaching reaction mechanism of jameson[to and gudmundite during slurry electrolysis was ascertained. Because of the oxidation reaction of FeCl3 produced by antimony-lead concentrate itself, the non-oxidation complex acid dissolution of jameson[re, the oxidation complex acid dissolution of gudmundite, and the oxidation of air carried by stirring, the leaching ratio of antimony reaches about 35% when HCl-NH4Cl solution is used to leach antimony-lead concentrate directly. So when the theoretical electric quantity is given to oxidation of antimony in slurry electrolysis, all of antimony, lead and iron containing in antimony-lead concentrate, are leached. The formation of sulfur is through the directly redox reaction of Fe^3 and jameson[re. The S^2- in jamesonite is oxidized into S^0 , and forms the crystals of sulfur again on the spot. The redox reaction of Fe^3 and H2S formed by non-oxidative acid dissolution of jamesonite is less.     

Velocity Distribution of Slurry in Horizontal Pipe When Solid Particles Sliding

Based on the laws of momentum conservation and impulse in accelerating process, the distribution on speed of ununiform slurry flow in a horizontal pipe was studied. According to the momentum change of solid particles and conveying liquid of slurry flow during accelerating, and some effect factors, the relationship between the speed of solid particles and the speed of conveying liquid was obtained.When dealing with the friction between sliding solid particles and pipe, it is pivotal to reasonably distribute component of friction to each solid particle. The friction coefficient between solid particles was obtained by forces analysis and theoretic calculation, and can be used to calculate the friction force on every solid particle. The effect of friction on speed of ever), solid particle was investigated through the impulse law. The result is more accurate than that by using uniform friction on solid particles. It is completely new method to use above theory to get solid particles speed distribution, conveying liquid speed distribution and slurry speed distribution.     

酸碱改性粉煤灰对SBR反应器处理氨氮废水的影响

利用1mol/L 盐酸和1mol/L NaOH溶液对粉煤灰进行酸碱改性,将改性前后的粉煤灰加入处理模拟氨氮废水的SBR反应器中,反应器菌源来自于污水处理厂生化池活性污泥,逐渐提高进水NH⁺₄-N质量浓度,检测反应器NH⁺₄-N质量浓度及反应器中污泥质量浓度、优势菌群丰度.实验结果表明,当反应器运行40d,进水NH⁺₄-N质量浓度为861.1mg/L时,R3(添加经酸碱改性粉煤灰)反应器、R2(添加未改性粉煤灰)反应器、R1(未添加粉煤灰)反应器NH⁺₄-N去除率分别为100%,98.76%,91.87%;利用蛋白质质量浓度间接表征三个反应器中的污泥质量浓度,R3反应器中蛋白质质量浓度最高为829.08mg/L,R2次之为789.37mg/L,R1最小为154.2mg/L.此外,高通量测序结果显示R3反应器中硝化菌和亚硝化菌群丰度均高于R1,R2反应器中菌群丰度.     

垂直喷淋式MOCVD反应器中射流影响的研究

针对垂直喷淋式MOCVD反应器的射流现象进行数值模拟研究.通过改变反应腔高度、喷口间距、喷口速度、托盘转速等,对反应器内的流场、温度场、浓度场随上述参数的变化进行详细探讨,进一步探索MOCVD反应器中射流影响的规律.通过模拟发现:(1)在喷口下方的反应腔空间,射流速度、温度和浓度均存在周期性波动,此波动由衬底中心到衬底边缘逐渐衰减;(2)衬底中心处的垂直射流速度大于周边的速度,中心浓度高于边缘浓度,中心温度低于边缘温度;(3)增加反应腔高度,减小喷口间距,减小喷口速度、增加衬底转速,均有利于衬底上方轴向速度和反应前体浓度沿径向分布的平缓.     

改性化工污泥与煤的成浆性及燃烧性分析

选取两种方法对化工污泥进行改性并研究改性后的污泥添加量对污泥水煤浆(S-CWS)成浆性、流变性和燃烧性的影响,从而获得制备高浓度污泥水煤浆的工艺参数.结果表明:选用Na OH对污泥进行改性制备出的污泥水煤浆成浆性较好;改性污泥添加量在10%~20%,可以得到成浆性良好的污泥水煤浆;添加改性污泥的污泥水煤浆较普通水煤浆的燃烧性能增加.