增强相对热塑性聚酰亚胺复合材料性能的影响

采用热模压成型的方法,在热塑性聚酰亚胺（TPI）中添加玻璃微珠（GB）、玻璃纤维粉（GFP）和短切玻璃纤维（SGF）进行复合增强,研究了3种不同形态填充材料及其含量对复合材料力学、摩擦磨损及热性能的影响。结果表明,随着填充物填充量的增加,所制得复合材料的刚性明显提高;并且填充物长径比越大,其作用效果越明显,由此制得的复合材料同时具有较低的体积磨损率及线膨胀系数。采用SGF增强复合材料的力学强度也随其填充量的增加显著增大,而采用GB及GFP填充的材料则呈下降趋势。采用SEM观察了复合材料断裂面的结构形貌,初步分析了其增强机理。     

亚麻/丙纶包覆纱热塑性复合材料力学性能的评判

采用亚麻/丙纶包覆纱,通过热压成型工艺制成植物纤维增强热塑性复合材料.通过测试材料的拉伸强度、剥离强度力学性能分析不同模具厚度下纤维增强体与基体的浸润效果.用模糊综合评判的方法,探讨模具厚度的不同对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,当模具厚度为0.8mm时,亚麻/丙纶包覆纱热塑性复合材料力学综合性能达到最优.     

动态硫化反应条件下聚合物熔体粘度与本构方程的计算

阐述了动态硫化热塑性弹性体的特点以及硫化反应体系化学流变学的复杂性，介绍了硫化反应动力学模型的各种形式，通过考虑剪切速率和交联程度对粘度的影响，在第一修正Tanner本构方程的基础上，推导出适于硫化反应聚合物熔体的粘度计算式和本构方程。     

Synthesis and Characterization of New Polyimide Containing Calix[4]arenes in the Polymer Backbone with Transport Ability

New polyimide containing calix [4] arene moieties on the polymer backbone was successfully synthesized in N- methy1 - 2 - pyrrolidone （NMP） by polycondensations of 3, 3＇, 4, 4＇- oxydiphthalic anhydride （ODPA） with the diaminocalix[4]arene monomer using 3,3＇- dimethy1- 4, 4＇- The polyimide prepared is soluble in common solvents, such as NMP, DMAc, DMF and chloroform. The polyimide films obtained have excellent thermal stability and mechanical property. At the same time, the liquid membrane transport of potassium ions by the new polyimide was investigated, which testified that compared to ODPA-DADPM polyimide, the polyimide containing culix[4] arenes has the transport ability to metal ions in regard to bulky, cone-like calix [-4] arene moieties.     

Progressive Failure Analysis of Quasi-isotropic Self-reinforced Polyethylene Composites by Comparing Unsupervised and Supervised Classifications of Acoustic Emission Data

Unsupervised and supervised pattern recognition（ PR）techniques are used to classify the acoustic emission（ AE） data originating from the quasi-isotropic self-reinforced polyethylene composites,in order to identify the various mechanisms in the multiangle-ply thermoplastic composites. Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene / low density polyethylene（ UHMWPE / LDPE）composites were made and tested under quasi-static tensile load. The failure process was monitored by the AE technique. The collected AE signals were classified by unsupervised and supervised PR techniques, respectively. AE signals were clustered with unsupervised PR scheme automatically and mathematically. While in the supervised PR scheme,the labeled AE data from simple lay-up UHMWPE / LDPE laminates were utilized as the reference data.Comparison was drawn according to the analytical results. Fracture surfaces of the UHMWPE / LDPE specimens were observed by a scanning electron microscope（ SEM） for some physical support. By combining both classification results with the observation results,correlations were established between the AE signal classes and their originating damage modes. The comparison between the two classifying schemes showed a good agreement in the main damage modes and their failure process. It indicates both PR techniques are powerful for the complicated thermoplastic composites. Supervised PR scheme can lead to a more precise classification in that a suitable reference data set is input.     

热塑性复合材料的黏塑性有限元法

为了对热塑性复合材料AS4/PEEK进行黏塑性分析,基于北京某公司的有限元自动生成软件系统(FEPG),对反映AS4/PEEK非线性行为和应变速率相关行为的三维黏塑性模型编制了相应的黏塑性有限元程序,计算了不同铺设角(15°、30°、45°和90°)的单层板在应变率分别为1×10-5s-1和0.1s-1下的应力应变曲线,在纵向等应变率加载条件下,研究了差分系数θ分别为0、0.5、0.65、0.85和1以及时间步长△t分别为0.001s、0.002s和0.003s的变化对计算结果的影响.研究结果表明,有限元程序所得到的应力应变曲线与实验结果基本吻合,验证了程序实现的正确性;不同的差分系数对所得到的应力-应变曲线影响甚微,时间步长对计算结果影响较弱.     

含有生物质纤维的聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备及性能测试

聚酰亚胺(polyimides,PI)是以二酐或二胺合成的耐高温聚合物,因其耐高温性能强成为使用温度最高的工业化聚合物材料之一。针对目前PI薄膜在强度方面存在的断裂延伸率低、拉伸强度低等问题,通过调节聚合物的质量浓度、比例、加料方式、加入生物质纤维等方式制得了不同强度的聚酰亚胺薄膜。以4,4-二氨基二苯醚和3,3,4,4-联苯四甲酸二酐作为反应的前驱体,在交联剂的存在下,采用正加料法制备聚酰胺酸(polymer polyacrylic acid, PAA),将制备好的PAA放置在表面铺有均匀藕丝的培养皿中,加热使其亚胺化,制得聚酰亚胺薄膜。结果表明含有藕丝的聚酰亚胺薄膜的断后标距和弹性模量均低于未掺杂藕丝的薄膜,其中PI-2%藕丝断裂延伸率为6.49%,抗拉强度达67.33 MPa,最大力数据为57.47 N,远高于未掺杂藕丝薄膜力学数据。研究表明藕丝纤维的加入在一定程度上增强了薄膜的力学性能。     

Surface characterization of polyimide and polyethylene terephthalate membranes toward plasma and UV treatments

This study is to bring an overview on various methods regarding the surface treatment performed on different polymeric membranes in relation to a deference between the treatment mechanism and their chemical structure. Herein, plasma and UV surface treatments (PST and UST) were utilized to treat the surfaces of two commercial membranes, i.e., aromatic polyimide and polyethylene terephthalate for various durations using a discharge electrode and an UV LED curing system, respectively. Based on the effects of PST and UST processes on the surface of these membranes, their surface properties have been characterized to surface morphology and hydrophilicity (or wettability), at same time the changes have probably occurred on their surface during the PST and UST processes. As a result, their hydrophilic behavior was significantly enhanced after conducting these treatment processes based on the investigation of water contact angle. Moreover, Fourier-transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy manifested the changes in the chemical bonds, interactions and orientations of molecules, which confirmed the apparition and insertion of polar functional groups after the surface treatments, and accordingly, their wettability was enhanced significantly. Also, optical microscopy images showed direct impactions on their surface and the evidence of slight surface aging/damage during the treatment processes based on the presentation of the strange streaks on the treated surfaces. In particular, the peel forces exhibited an increase comparing to the initial membranes, which is characteristically for enhancing their adhesion behavior. Hence, these results are needful for improving the surface properties of a material, and obtaining better adhesion behavior on the membrane-like materials and recycling polymer materials.     

一种新型MXene基阻燃热塑性聚氨酯的研究

以植酸（PA）、吡咯、硝酸钴和碳化钛（Ti3C2Tx，MXene）为主要原料，利用界面调控技术合成一种含P和Co元素的新型MXene基阻燃剂（CoPM），并通过熔融共混的方法制备热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）纳米复合材料。锥形量热测试结果表明，引入4.0 wt%的CoPM后，TPU/CoPM-4.0纳米复合材料的热释放速率峰值、烟释放速率峰值、一氧化碳产生速率峰值和二氧化碳产生速率峰值较纯TPU分别下降41.4%、15.1%、29.4%和39.6%。TPU/CoPM纳米复合材料优异的阻燃和抑烟减毒性能归因于：在凝聚相中，Ti3C2Tx发挥物理阻隔效应和催化成炭作用，隔绝聚合物材料与火焰区的热量、气体交换，且燃烧产物Co3O4和TiO2具有催化抑烟减毒作用；在气相中，PA热解产生含磷自由基捕获剂，从而中断链式燃烧反应。