Effect of minor Sc on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The as-cast and heat-treated microstructures and mechanical properties of the AZ91 magnesium alloys with and without minor Sc addition were investigated and compared in this paper. The results indicated that adding0.15–0.45 wt% Sc to the as-cast AZ91 alloy not only could modify and refine the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase but also suppress the formation of the Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase. At the same time, the grains of the Sc-containing as-cast AZ91 alloys were also effectively refined. As a result, the mechanical properties at room temperature(RT) for the Sccontaining as-cast AZ91 alloys were effectively improved. In addition, adding 0.15–0.45 wt%Sc to the AZ91 alloy promoted the formation of the continuous precipitates(CP) during the aging treatment in spite of that the formation of the discontinuous precipitates(DP) was simultaneously suppressed. Accordingly, the Sc-containing as-aged AZ91 alloys obtained the relatively higher mechanical properties at RT than the as-aged AZ91 alloy.     

Influence of minor boron on the microstructures of a second generation Nibased single crystal superalloy

Boron is added into single crystal superalloys as a micro-alloying element to strengthen low angle grain boundaries.However,systematic investigations on the effect of boron on microstructures of single crystal superalloys are limitedly reported.The effect of boron on as-cast and heat-treated microstructures was investigated in two experimental Ni-based single crystal superalloys containing 3 wt% Re.The current results indicated that the volume fraction of(γ+γ′)eutectic and M_3B_2 borides was evidently increased,while the number of micropores was evidently decreased with the addition of 0.02 wt% boron.The(γ+γ′)eutectic could not be dissolved completely due to the lower incipient melting temperature caused by the formation of M_3B_2 borides.Meanwhile,the M_3B_2 borides were found to be enriched with indispensable strengthening elements Cr,Mo,W and Re,and this may lower the strengthening effect and cause stress concentration during high temperature creep.     

Coupling effects of tungsten and molybdenum on microstructure and stressrupture properties of a nickel-base cast superalloy

In order to comprehensively understand the forming mechanism of abnormal phases solidified in a nickel-base cast superalloy with additives of tungsten and molybdenum, the coupling effects of W and Mo on the microstructure and stress-rupture properties were investigated in this paper. The results indicated that the precipitation of primary α-(W, Mo) phase depended tremendously on the amount of W and Mo addition. When the total amount of W and Mo was greater than 5.79 at%, α-(W, Mo) phase became easily precipitated in the alloy.With increasing of Mo/W ratio, the dendrite-like α-(W, Mo) phases were apt to convert into small bars or blockylike phases at the vicinities of γ′/γ eutectic. The morphological changes of α-(W, Mo) phase can be interpreted as the non-equilibrium solidification of W and Mo in the alloy. Since the large sized α-(W, Mo) phase has detrimental effects on stress-rupture properties in as-cast conditions, secondary cracks may mainly initiate at and then propagate along the interfaces of brittle phases and soft matrix. During exposing at 1100 ℃ for 1000 h, the α-(W, Mo) phases transformed gradually into bigger and harder M_6C carbide, which results in decreasing of stress-rupture properties of the alloy. Finally, the alloy with an addition of 14W-1Mo(wt%) maintained the longest stress lives at high temperatures and therefore it revealed the best microstructure stability after 1100 ℃/1000 h thermal exposure.     

Effect of cold rolling process on microstructure and mechanical properties of high strength β titanium alloy thin sheets

The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe high strength titanium alloy sheets prepared by unidirectional cold rolling and two-step cross cold rolling were investigated. Results showed that the β phase grains were refined significantly by cold rolling followed by solution treatment for a short time.Compared to unidirectional cold rolling, the short time solution treatment after two-step cross rolling could significantly reduce the non-uniformity of the microstructure of the alloy sheets. After aging treatment at 550 ℃,the anisotropy of the mechanical properties still existed in the unidirectional rolled sheets, and the tensile strength was highest along the rolling direction. After solution and aging treatment, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the two-step cross rolling process sheet was not obvious than unidirectional cold rolling,and alloy had good strength and plasticity matching.     

伪双曲方程一个非协调混合元方法超收敛分析

基于非协调EQrot1元和零阶R-T元针对伪双曲方程,建立了一个自然满足B-B条件的非协调低阶混合元逼近格式.借助单元插值算子的特殊性质、导数转移技巧和插值后处理技术,在半离散格式下给出了原始变量在H1-模和中间变量在L2-模意义下的O(h2)阶超逼近性与整体超收敛结果.同时,对于一个二阶全离散格式得到了原始变量H1-模的O(h2+τ2)超逼近性和中间变量L2-模的O(h+τ2)最优误差估计.     

极端嗜热菌Thermosipho melanesiensis普鲁兰酶基因的异源表达与酶学性质分析

选择来源于极端嗜热菌Thermosipho melanesiensis(DSM12029)的普鲁兰酶基因,以购自德国菌种保藏中心的基因组为模板,扩增出普鲁兰酶基因TM-pulA;利用酶切酶连构建了重组质粒pET21a-TM-pulA;转入大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)菌株中诱导表达并经纯化后,进行了水解产物分析和酶学性质测定.结果显示:TM-pulA为Ⅰ型普鲁兰酶,最适pH为5.8;最适温度是80℃;70℃下半衰期为4.75 h;Mn~(2+)、Co~(2+)、AL~(3+)、Fe~(3+)、SDS及EDTA对其酶活有不同程度的抑制作用;该酶的K_m、V_(max)、K_(cat)及K_(cat)/Km值分别为4.68 g·L~(-1)、0.0085 mmol·L~(-1)·s~(-1)、71.18 s~(-1)、15.21 L·g~(-1)·s~(-1).     

基于电磁-温度耦合方法的永磁驱动器温度场分析

基于电磁-温度场耦合方法,分析了盘式永磁驱动器的温度场.基于电磁场解析计算建立了盘式永磁驱动器的电磁场解析模型,推导了涡流损耗公式.计算了热阻和散热系数,并以涡流损耗为热源,建立了盘式永磁驱动器等效热网络模型.预测随负载变化时盘式永磁驱动器的涡流损耗和铜盘温度的变化.解析结果与有限元结果比较表明:基于电磁-温度场耦合方法所建立的电磁场解析模型和温度场解析模型能快速、准确地预测涡流损耗和铜盘温度.     

粒度对硼铁矿介电特性及微波加热特征的影响

采用谐振腔微扰法测定了不同粒度的硼铁矿在频率为2.45GHz和温度为20~800℃的介电特性,并测定其在微波场下的升温特征.结果表明:随着矿样粒度的减小,填充层空隙率降低,其介电特性增强,微波场中矿样的升温速率加快.当温度高于200℃时,矿样发生热分解产生大量微空隙而增大了空隙率,矿样的介电特性呈下降趋势,使得微波加热过程中矿样的升温速率降低.粒度对硼铁矿介电特性和升温特征的影响研究为微波在冶金领域中的应用及节约能耗提供理论依据.     

高炉热储备区温度对煤气利用率的影响

研究了高炉热储备区内温度与煤气利用率的关系.结合热力学和实际情况,热储备区内只发生氧化亚铁的还原.因此需要利用吉布斯自由能计算和单界面未反应核模型对热储备区内还原反应进行热力学和动力学分析.结果表明:只有在H₂+H₂O体积分数小于0.3时降低热储备区温度才能提高煤气利用率.从1273K降温到1223K,氢气还原速率降低得比CO还原速率降低得多,说明温度对氢气还原的影响更大.对一般高炉来说,炉料在热储备区中还原所需的时间比其停留时间长或接近,说明热储备区内的还原反应没有达到平衡,降低温度不利于提高煤气利用率.     

铝锡轴承合金的摩擦磨损机理与性能

铝锡轴承合金对大型载重汽车、坦克、高速汽车、拖拉机等的高速高压柴油机的发展有重要的意义。提高铝锡合金的耐摩擦磨损性能可节省大量能源并延长零件的使用寿命,如何取得具有优良的耐摩擦磨损的铝锡合金成为研究的重点。本文介绍了提高铝锡合金的耐摩擦磨损性能的措施及其影响因素,总结铝锡合金中锡元素含量改变、合金元素的添加、热处理与制备工艺的改变对铝锡合金的显微组织以及耐摩擦磨损性能的影响。