Pt—Rh合金电极上氢的吸附过程的研究

采用快速阴极动电位扫描方法对Ｐｔ－Ｒｈ合金电极上氢的吸附过程进行了研究。随着合金当中Ｒｈ含量的增加，氢的强键吸附峰值逐渐减少，在Ｗ（Ｒｈ）＝５０％－６０％合金 已表现为象肩膀一样的平台，而到百分之百的Ｒｈ时完全消失。     

标准氢电极的探讨

本文指出了标准氢电极存在的问题,讨论了选择标准氢电极的电子导体问题,建议采用氢电极为电极电势的参考电极,这种氢电极是由浸在H~+离子溶液中的镀铂黑的铂片构成,H~+离子的浓度是每千克水中有1摩尔氢离子,氢气泡的压力为1大气压     

混合稀土对AB5贮氢合金织构生长特性影响的PLS研究

利用偏最小二乘法（PLS）研究混合稀土组成对贮氢合金的织构生长特性的综合影响,并提出了合金织构择优取向的判据。对于平行于柱状晶织构,择优取向（101） (201)晶面受Nd的影响最为敏感,Ce的影响最小,同时Ce对择优取向的作用与La,Pr,Nd的作用相反;对于垂直柱状晶织构,择优取向（200） (110)晶面受Pr的影响最为敏感,而受Nd的影响最小。     

临氢条件下CO偶联合成草酸二乙酯反应的原位红外研究

利用原位红外光谱技术测定了临氢条件下CO和亚硝酸乙酯在催化剂上吸附的红外光谱,发现氢气会影响CO在催化剂活性中心上的吸附,且氢气与CO会发生甲烷化反应,氢气与亚硝酸乙酯反应生成乙醇和少量的乙腈,因此,CO催化偶联反应中加入氢气后,CO的转化率和草酸二乙酯选择性均降低。     

Electrocatalytic oxidation of H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript> at a carbon paste electrode modified with a nickel (II)-5, 11, 17, 23-tetra-tert-butyl-25, 27-bis(Diethylcarbamoylmethoxy) calix[4] arene complex and its application

Electrochemical behavior of a carbon paste electrode (CPE) modified with nickel(II)-5, 11, 17, 23-tetra-tert-butyl-25, 27-bis(diethylcarbamoylmethoxy) calix[4]arene (Ni (II)-L) complex and its electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide were investigated by cyclic voltammetric technique in a 5.0×10⁻² mol/L NaClO₄+1.0×10⁻³ mol/L NaOH solution. It was found that Ni(II)-L acts as an effective catalyst for the oxidation of hydrogen peroxide. The modified electrode exhibited a linear response over a hydrogen peroxide concentrations in the range of 2.0×10⁻⁵−1.0×10⁻⁴ mol/L with a detection limit as low as 1.0×10⁻⁶ mol/L. The relative standard deviation was 3.5% for 5 successive determinations of H₂O₂ at 1.0×10⁻⁵ mol/L. The modified electrode was used successfully in rainwater analysis. Foundation item: Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (98J040). Biography: Li Chun ya(1972-), Ph. D. candidate, research direction: electroanalysis and electrosynthesis.     

Electrochemical hydrogen storage of aligned multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Hydrogen storage of aligned multi-walled carbon nanotubes (a-MWNTs),non-aligned MWNTs(n-MWNTs) and graphite electrodes are studied by the electro-chemical measurements .The electrodes are prepared by mixing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) copper powder and ptfe binder in a weight ratio of 1:5:3 and compressing the mixture into porous nickel collector,The results show that the electrochemical hydrogen storage capacity of the a-MWNT electrode is up to 1625 mAh/g corresponding to a high hydrogen storage of 5.7 wt% ,which is 10 times that of graphite electrode and is 13 times that of n-MWNT electrode, suggesting that a-MWNTs are promising materials for electrochemical hydrogen storage.     

生物脱臭技术研究

污水厂在处理城市污水的过程中,产生大量脱水污泥,对这些污泥的无害化、资源化处理是可持续发展的重要研究课题,而利用脱水污泥和粉煤灰制造轻质骨料是最重要方法之一,但脱水污泥在高温烘干过程中会有一些恶臭物质随水分蒸发出来污染环境,采用生物技术对其进行脱臭处理,不仅处理方法简单、经济、无二次污染,而且使恶臭污染得到控制.     

硫酸氢钠催化合成苹果酯-B

探讨了硫酸氢钠对苹果酯-B合成反应的催化活性,研究了催化剂用量、乙酰乙酸乙酯与1,2-丙二醇反应的最佳物质的量之比以及反应时间等因素对产品收率的影响.实验表明,硫酸氢钠是合成苹果酯-B的优良催化剂,在n(乙酰乙酸乙酯)∶n(1,2-丙二醇)=1.0∶1.7,催化剂用量为反应物总摩尔分数的0.67%时,环己烷作带水剂,反应时间为1.0h的优化条件下,苹果酯-B的收率可达到90.2%.     

Discussion of gas enrichment mechanism and natural gas origin in marine sedimentary basin,China

There are abundant natural gas resources in Chinese marine sedimentary basin. The exploration hot shots of natural gas are the Palaeozoic marine strata here in recent years, and several large scale gas fields have been discovered. Chinese Palaeozoic high-post matured and coal measure hydrocarbon source rocks are mainly prone to gas generation in the present. This research considered that gas source rocks and TSR are the key cause of gas enrichment of marine strata. High-quality argillaceous and coal measure hydrocarbon rocks are distributed widely in the Palaeozoic marine strata, which have been in highly matured phase in the present. The argillaceous source rock generally contains various sulfates that could accelerate crude oil cracking to gas for TSR occurrence, and coal measure source rock mainly generates gas, so Chinese marine basin gives priority to accumulating gas. Marine strata have not founded oil reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin and Ordos Basin, and they consist mainly of dry gas. Marine natural gases are the mixed gases of oil cracking gas and coal-formed gas in a general way, oil cracking gases contain usually some H2S and CO2. Hydrocarbon carbon isotopes are very complicated, and methane and ethane isotopic values bear apparent reversal caused by thermal evolution and mixing among different genetic types of natural gas. Coal-formed gases are the main component of Chinese marine natural gas. The Upper Permian of the Sichuan Basin and the Carboniferous-Permian of the Ordos Basin coal measure hydrocarbon source rock present large hydrocarbon generation potential, which are the prospecting highlight of marine natural gas hereafter. Oil cracking gas exploration will be paid much attention to in the Tarim Basin because of the lack of coal measure hydrocarbon source rock.     

添加硼对La-Mg-Ni系(PuNi3-型)贮氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响

为了提出La-Mg-Ni(PuNi3型)系贮氢合金的电化学循环稳定性,在La2Mg(Ni0.85Co0.15)9合金中添加微量的B,用铸造及快淬工艺制备La2Mg(Ni0.85Co0.15)9Bx(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)贮氢合金,分析测试铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构与电化学性能,研究硼对合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。结果表明:铸态合金具有多相结构,包括主相(La,Mg)Ni3相(PuNi3型)和LaNi5相,一定量的LaNi2相和微量的Ni2B相经快淬处理后,Ni2B相消失,且其他相的相对量随淬速的变化而变化。硼的加入提高了铸态及快淬态合金的循环稳定性,但使铸态合金的容量下降;铸态合金的电化学容量随B含量的增加单调下降,而快淬态合金的容量随B含量的增加有一极大值,B对铸态及快淬态合金电化学性能的影响机理是完全不同的。