Recent climate changes recorded by sediment grain sizes and isotopes in Erhai Lake

By careful sampling and accurate analysis of recent sediments, the time series of sediment grain sizes and 6" 1B0, S 13C of carbonates in recent 700 years are successfully established, based on which the evolutionary history of the regional climate and environment in Erhai Lake is reconstructed. The results show that the climatic succession type in the region of Erhai Lake is warm-dry and cold-humid alternatively, and there exist 200 and 400 years of quasi-periodical changes in temperature and 100, 200 and 400 years of quasi-periodical changes in aridity/humidity regime. The two coldest periods in recent 700 years occurred in the 14th century and the duration of 1550—1800 AD. The latter period may be the imprint left of the Little Ice Age.     

泌阳断陷下第三系陆相层序中油气生储盖及其组合特征——以双河-赵凹地区下第三系核三上段为例

运用层序地层学理论和分析方法 ,分析了泌阳断陷下第三系陆相层序中油气生、储、盖以及盐组合特征 .分析结果表明 :第三系陆相层序中极为有利的烃源岩为发育于高水位体系域的半深湖 -深湖泥岩 (属区域性生油层 ) ,其次是水进体系域及水退体系域的湖相泥岩 (属局部性生油层 ) ;有利的储集体分布于水进体系域和水退体系域的冲积扇——扇三角洲砂体及前扇三角洲斜坡带的滑塌性重力流扇体中 ,尤其是扇三角洲的 (水下 )分流河道、河口砂坝 (远砂坝 )及前缘席状砂体 .区域性盖层为高水位体系域的深水湖相泥岩 ,而水进和水退体系域的湖相泥岩亦可构成局部性盖层     

Nd isotopic characteristics of post-Archean sediments from the Eastern Nanling Range： Evidence for crustal evolution

A systematic Sm-Nd isotopic study was carried out for sediments and metasediments of different ages from Mesoproterozoic to early Mesozoic era in southwestern Fujian, Eastern Nanling Range. The results show that Nd model age (tDM) and εNd(t) value of most sediments are closely similar to those of Paleoproterozoic Mayuan Group, indicating that they may mainly be the recycling product of Paleoproterozoic crustal materials. However, the Nd model age significantly decreases with a corresponding increase in the εNd(t) value at Neoproterozoic (ca. 0.8-0.7 Ga) and Late Paleozoic (ca. 0.25 Ga), respectively. This is manifested by prominent vales and apexes on the diagrams of tDM VS. tStr. (stratum age) and εNd(t) VS. tstr. The decrease in tDM and the increase in εNd(t) are explained as a result of the significant incorporation of juvenile crustal materials that originated from depleted mantle due to strong lithospheric extension during both periods. It appears that tectonic magmatism in the Neoproterozoic and the Late Paleozoic is of prominent importance in affecting the geochemical nature of sediments in South China.     

汉江水体和沉积物中噬菌体特征研究

基于2014年3月和10月汉江中下游6个断面的水体和沉积物监测样品,获得384个高质量vOTUs(viralOperationalTaxonomicUnits)。研究表明,vOTUs中95%以上隶属Caudovirales (有尾噬菌体目),丰度居前3位的科分别为Myoviridae (肌尾噬菌体科)、Siphoviridae (长尾噬菌体科)和Podoviridae(短尾噬菌体科)。主坐标分析和相似性分析结果表明,沉积物中病毒群落结构相对稳定,而水体中群落易随季节发生变化,同流域的水体和沉积物中群落可能具有连通性。宿主来自2域(界) 19门,丰度最高的宿主是Proteobacteria门(变形菌门)。88%的vOTUs具有单一的门水平的宿主,有3个vOTUs跨越5个门。跨域(界)感染的vOTUs在感染古菌界Thermoproteota门的同时,最常见的是感染细菌界的Bacteroidota门(拟杆菌门)。与水体相比,沉积物中宿主的群落组成更加多样。Pearson相关分析表明,噬菌体与其宿主的组成在门水平上一致。     

泌阳断陷双河赵凹地区下第三系核三上段陆相层序地层学

根据参照井处的沉积相迁移特征及体系域叠置样式,将泌阳断陷陆相层序划归为两种类型（Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型）。双河赵凹地区下第三系核三上段包括跨时分别为１．０８,１．４０和１０２（Ｍａ）的３个Ⅱ型陆相层序,由南向北呈现冲积扇扇三角洲湖泊三角洲的沉积体系空间配置。泌阳断陷陆相层序的体系域具四分性,其小层序组类型有４种：低位加积型、退积型、高位加积型和进积型。综合利用研究区的钻井、测井及地质资料,根据下第三系核三上段地震相平面展布特征,将地震相转换为沉积相,并由此归纳出研究区核三上段的沉积模式。针对研究区目的层段所划３个陆相层序发育的共同特点,建立了断陷湖盆陡坡带陆相层序地层岩相格架模式。对连井剖面层序地层进行了对比,编制了研究区目的层段的年代层序地层框架模式。     

江苏沿海沙脊群表层沉积物Pb同位素特征及对物源的指示

为进一步查明江苏沿海沙脊群沉积物的来源,分析了该区域沉积物酸不溶组分Pb同位素特征。结果表明,远岸沙脊群陆向区域沉积物Pb同位素比值与近岸沙脊群相似,暗示其在潮波作用下有向岸运移的趋势。铅-钕同位素分析揭示长江及周边河流沉积物在长江冲淡水和东海沿岸流作用下输移至远岸沙脊群海向区域。在苏北沿岸流作用下,老黄河三角洲沉积物输入对近岸沙脊群及远岸沙脊群陆向区域有影响;相反,诸如现代黄河口、济州岛和韩国河流等地沉积物输入对江苏沿海沙脊群的影响较弱。     

包裹体氡气找铀矿的应用

包裹体氧气找矿是一种新的铀矿找矿方法,可分为基岩包裹体氡气法和水系沉积物包裹体氧气法两种。前者适用于寻找隐伏盲矿体,后者主要用于确定成矿远景区。花岗岩、火山岩地区热液铀矿的大量实验均取得了良好的结果。包裹体测氡找矿可以适应铀矿找矿的不同阶段,与现有的找矿方法及包裹体蒸发晕、热晕找矿方法相比,具有简便易行、所用人力物力少、速度快、经济效益高等特点。     

南京市区古河道初步研究

本文主要根据钻孔资料和测试数据,阐述了南京市区古河道的发现经过、一般特征以及形成、变迁和埋藏过程。     

Dynamic control on grain-size distribution of terrigenous sediments in the western South China Sea: Implication for East Asian monsoon evolution

High-resolution oxygen isotope stratigraphy of Core MD05-2901, which is located off eastern Vietnam in the western South China Sea （SCS）, was established and indicated that the core spans a time period of the past 450 ka. Based on the bulk density, fractional porosity and lithogenic content of the sediments, terrigenous mass accumulation rate （TMAR） was obtained, which is 4.9-6.0 g cm^-2 ka^-1 on average during interglacial stages, higher than that during glacial stages, i.e. 1.9-5.0 g cm^-2 ka^-1, which is different from northern and southern SCS which show higher TMAR in glacial stages. By principle component analysis of grain size distribution of all the samples, two main control factors （F1 and F2） were obtained, which are responsible for about 80% variance of granularity. The contents of grain size population 1.26-2.66 μm% and 10.8-14.3 μm% which are sensible to F1 show high-frequency fluctuation, and correlate well with the summer insolation at 15^o N. They exhibit a distinct cyclicity with frequencies near 23 ka and 13 ka, in contrast to a strong frequency peak near 100 ka obtained in proxies 4.24-7.42 μm% and 30.1-43.7 μm% controlled mainly by F2. The sedimentary character of this part of the SCS was controlled by variations of input flux from two main source areas, namely the southwest and north SCS, which were transported by different circulations of surface current forced by East Asian summer monsoon and winter monsoon respectively. We believe that the East Asian summer monsoon has fluctuated with high frequency and been forced by changes in solar insolation in low latitude associated with precession and half precession, while ice-volume forcing is probably a primary factor in determining the strength and timing of the East Asian winter monsoon but with less important insolation forcing.