Mechanisms of sodium and potassium ions transfer facilitated by dibenzo-15-crown-5 across the water /1,2-dichloroethane interface using micropipettes

The transfer of sodium and potassium ions facilitated by dibenzo-15-crown-5 (DB15C5) has been studied at the micro-water/1,2-dichloroethane (water/DCE) interface supported at the tip of a micropipette. Cyclic voltammetric measurements were performed in two limiting conditions: the bulk concentration of Na+ or K+ in the aqueous phase is much higher than that of DB15C5 in the organic phase (DB15C5 diffusion controlled process) and the reverse condition (metal ion diffusion controlled process). The mechanisms of the facilitated Na+ transfer by DB15C5 are both transfer by interfacial complexation (TIC) with 1∶1 stoichiometry under these two conditions, and the corresponding association constants were determined at log β1 = 8.97 ( 0.05 or log β1 = 8.63 ( 0.03. However, the transfers of K+ facilitated by DB15C5 show different behavior. In the former case it is a TIC process and its stoichiometry is 1∶2, whereas in the latter case two peaks during the forward scan were observed, the first of which was confirmed as the formation of K+(DB15C5)2 at the interface by a TIC mechanism, while the second one may be another TIC process with 1∶1 stoichiometry in the more positive potential. The relevant association constants calculated for the complexed ion, K+(DB15C5)2, in the organic phase in two cases, logβ2, are 13.64 ( 0.03 and 11.34 ( 0.24, respectively.     

难分类样本快速空中目标意图识别方法

针对不平衡难分类条件下空中目标群组意图快速识别的难题,提出一种基于滑动窗口估计的时空卷积自注意力网络模型的意图识别方法。该方法根据特征数据的特点对其使用滑动窗口的预先处理,通过时空卷积网络快速提取多维时序特征数据的流信息;然后采用自注意力机制捕捉每个特征数据的关键特征并优化权重。仿真结果表明该方法有效提升了不平衡样本中难分类样本意图识别的训练效率和分类的准确率。     

地球表层动力学理论研究（Ⅰ）──陆地表层系统

阐述了地球表层动力学理论的研究对象和研究内容及其理论方法；抽象出陆地表层系统，包括时空尺度范围的约定、状态变量的选择、物质循环和能量循环、人类活动及天文因素的影响等。     

"五四"作家对中国短篇小说叙事模式的影响

“五四”时期短篇小说叙事模式实现了叙事时间、叙事角度、叙事结构的转变,“五四”作家为实现这种转变起了重要的作用。     

Temporal and spatial variabilities of sea surface heights in the northeastern South China Sea

Analyses of sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) from Jan. 1993 to Dec. 2001 measured by TOPEX/Poseidon (T/P) satellite altimetry indicate that there are two energy highs of SSHA fluctuations on both sides of the Luzon Strait. The highs centered at (19.5°N, 119.5°E) and (22.0°N, 124.0°E) respectively, are separated by a low energy band in the Strait. Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis on the "Far Field" suggests that fluctuations of these two areas are mutually independent. EOF analysis on the "Near Field" shows that SSHA oscillation in the northeastern South China Sea (SCS) is dominated by seasonal variations accompanied with significant intra-seasonal and inter-annual fluctuations. Among which, EOFI and EOF2 reflect 66.7% of the total variance. They are both seasonal but showing three months difference in phase. The basic pattern of EOFI appears to be the seasonal SSHA oscillation centered at (18.0°N, 119.0°E) northwest off Luzon Island, which shows maximums (minimums) in August/Septemb     

黄土高原地区自然灾害时空分异综合研究

根据作者建立的中国自然灾害数据库，在对黄土高原地区１９４９￣１９９０年自然灾害总体特征分析的基础上，着重对１９４９￣１９６５年与１９７８￣１９９０年２个时段的自然灾害进行了对比分析，研究表明，本区自然灾害不仅在空间上明显区域差异，而且在时间上有突出的动态变化，并显示出总体灾情加重的趋势；灾害组合变化也具有明显的区域性，反映了孕灾环境与承灾体对自然致灾因子及灾情的影响。     

介质目标瞬态散射分析的时域积分方程方法与并行计算

推导了用于分析三维均匀介质目标瞬态散射问题的时域积分方程方法公式,采用时域的PMCHW积分方程组,空间基函数和时间基函数分别为RWG矢量三角函数和二阶B样条函数,讨论了基于MPI的并行计算方法。数值例子表明,使用该方法可以获得稳定和精确的结果,与解析解和频域矩量法结果非常吻合。     

The temporal and spatial distribution of ancient rice in China and its implications

The relics of ancient rice have been regarded as the most important objective evidence of the origina- tion and spread of rice cultivation.Based on the records of 280 rice relics sites and the rice cropping regionalization as well as the distribution map of paddy soils,the current study compiled the temporal and spatial distribution map of ancient rice distribution in China.The map shows that the distribution of ancient rice is spatially extensive and meantime comparatively concentrated,temporarily covering a long and relatively continuous time-span.The rice relics in the Central China double and single rice cropping regions are among the earliest and the most abundant ones,possessing continuity in time sequence.Combined with the discovery of ancient rice and paddy filed relics,soil micromorphology, pollen combination and element geochemistry,it is suggested that Central China was the origin center of rice cultivation in China.Rice had been spread to the rest part of China in three major waves,also to the East Asian part like Korea and Japan.The temporal and spatial distribution of ancient rice reflects the past environmental change,which is also meaningful to the current rice regionalization and plan- ning as well as food security in China.