Year-round activity patterns in a hyperdiverse community of rainforest amphibians in Madagascar

Madagascar hosts a high diversity of amphibians estimated at over 500 species, nearly all of them endemic. Surprisingly few data are available on the activity cycles of this fauna, despite its importance for ecological, evolutionary and conservation research. Here we report the results of a year-round survey of amphibians along a transect bordering the Analamazaotra forest near Andasibe in central eastern Madagascar. During 120 transect walks evenly spaced through the year, a total of 2530 individuals of 40 species of anurans was observed. Abundance was higher during the warm/rainy season (December to April) and peaked in February. Of the five climatic predictors measured, only mean temperature and relative humidity showed high importance values, and multi-model averages indicate that these two variables have a strong effect on amphibian abundance along the transect. Species richness showed no evident peak during the study period and was best explained by a model including average temperature and rainfall. Canonical correspondence analysis indicates that Boophis sibilans, B. tephraeomystax, B. boehmei and Plethodontohyla notosticta were more frequently encountered along the transect on cold and humid days while Plethodontohyla mihanika, Gephyromantis boulengeri and Spinomantis aglavei were distinctly more abundant on cold and dry days, and Paradoxophyla palmata on warm and dry days. The results of our study flag a number of species as suitable candidates for future monitoring initiatives and suggest that a simple combination of visual and acoustic surveys can estimate amphibian activity with high sample sizes in Madagascar’s rainforests.     

基于抗差估计和改进AIME的缓变故障检测方法

为了解决经典缓变故障检测法——自主完好性监测外推法(autonomous integrity monitoring extrapolation, AIME)在组合导航中检测故障延迟时间较长和不能准确判定故障结束时刻的问题, 提出了基于抗差估计和改进AIME的缓变故障检测方法。该方法采用标准t分布和IGG-Ⅲ (Institute of Geodesy & Geophysics Ⅲ)方案设计自适应增益矩阵以缓解卡尔曼滤波故障跟踪的影响。同时, 结合AIME故障检测状态, 提出由外推法和残差卡方检验(residual chi-square test method, RCTM)故障检测统计量构成的r_A/R统计量概念, 然后在AIME检测到缓变故障的状态下利用样本分位数原理对r_A/R序列进行异常值检测, 从而判断缓变故障结束时刻。仿真结果表明, 在检测缓变故障时, 所提方法可明显缩短故障检测延迟时间, 并能够准确判定故障结束时刻。     

运用GIS网络视频技术实现林区防火远程监控

阐述了林区监控的重要性,探讨了如何运用GIS网络视频技术实现林区防火远程监控。     

全站仪在工程变形监测中的应用

将水准测量作业方法应用到全站仪工程变形监测中，可使设站灵活、精度高、速度快，能较好的克服地形对传统水准测量沉降观测的限制．理论和实践表明，该方法在距离较短时，能代替3等水准测量，可满足工程沉降监测的精度要求．     

浅析我国铁路MOA在线监测存在的问题及解决方案

保证电气化铁路可靠安全运营,金属氧化物避雷器(MOA)被广泛应用于铁道牵引供电系统中,根据工作实践分析了在铁路MOA在线监测中遇到的各种问题并提出相应的解决方案。     

调频广播发射机电气参量自动监测

文章分析了调频广播发射机主要电气参量频偏、失真度、频率响应和信噪比的理论计算，并探讨了对这些参量自动监测的计算机算法及测算误差的校正方法，在此基础上进行了以计算机为核心的自动监测系统硬件和软件的设计     

Method of Monitoring Wearing and Breakage States of Cutting Tools Based on Mahalanobis Distance Features

The Mahalanobis distance features proposed by P.C.Mahalanobis, an Indian statistician, can be used in an automatic on-line cutting tool condition monitoring process based on digital image processing. In this paper, a new method of obtaining Mahalanobis distance features from a tool image is proposed. The key of calculating Mahalanobis distance is appropriately dividing the object into several component sets. Firstly, a technique is proposed that can automatically divide the component groups for calculati...     

Rabbit嵌入式水情监控系统的设计

介绍了基于GPRS网开发的Rabbit嵌入式水情监控系统，重点讨论了系统硬件设计方案及主要软件的设计方法．     

长江中游水灾监测系统的研究和建立

洪涝灾害是长江中游地区最为严重的自然灾害．本文叙述了以遥感和地理信息的应用为基础,将多元资料复合^[1],快速、准确与全天候的对长江中游地区水灾进行监测的方法．介绍了RS和GIS支持下建立起来的监测系统的目标、技术路线、结构流程等,并进行了应用分析．以期利用高新技术手段为长江中游地区有关部门快速了解灾情、指定救灾方案和灾后重建提供决策支持．     

隧道围岩施工监测及位移动态模拟分析

为了研究不同支护结构参数和不同开挖方法对围岩位移的影响,以百勺洋隧道为研究对象,通过现场实测、回归分析和数值模拟的技术手段,以大型非线性有限元软件ADINA为研究工具,建立有限元模型。通过改变锚杆支护相关参数和开挖方法,进行大量模拟运算。运算结果表明,随着锚杆长度的增加,地表点下沉量不断减小,隧道的底鼓幅度也逐渐减小,边墙的收敛量也逐渐减小;随着锚杆间距的增加,顶端最大下沉点的竖直方向沉降值增大,边墙收敛值也增大;开挖方法不同时,随着开挖步数的减少,地表下沉值增加,隧道底鼓现象也越明显。开挖步数越多,洞周收敛值越小。