麦草碱—乙醇浆性能的初步研究

对纤维分离点处的麦草碱—乙醇浆,麦草苛性钠浆的打浆性能和纸页物理性能的比较发现:麦草碱—乙醇浆得率高12%(绝对值)左右,浆料易打浆,但相同打浆度下,纸页抗撕裂性能较差、脆裂度较大。脱除其部分残余木素后纸页性能得到改善。不论何种浆,打浆过程中纤维形态结构以及纤维的超分子结构的变化都较大地影响纸页的脆性。     

GDL-1型高强韧贝氏体钢的不可逆回火脆性

本文研究了GDL-1型高强韧性贝氏体钢,在空冷状态下的回火冲击性能变化以及对应的显微组织和断口金相特征.结果表明,该钢经920 ℃加热空冷后获得条束状过渡形态的贝氏体加少量岛状贝氏体组织.在400 ℃～600 ℃的温度回火,分布于BF条束间的亚稳态残留奥氏体开始大量分解形成沿条束界连续分布的碳化物,在BF条内的高密度位错区也诱导析出碳化物,导致在条束界产生高应力集中而引发准解理和解理开裂,出现不可逆回火脆性,冲击能量显著降低.由于钢中的Si和Mn在原奥氏体晶界偏聚,抑制碳化物析出.在原奥氏体晶界未能沉淀出连续分布的碳化物,因此未见沿晶解理开裂特征,对应的断口金相呈条形准解理和解理的特征,其尺寸分别与BF条和束尺寸相吻合.该材料的不可逆回火脆性出现的温度范围与大多数合金结构钢相比提高约200 ℃.     

Fe3Al金属间化合物的韧化（I）

通过加铬合金化及合理的热加工工艺,制得了高室温韧性Fe_3Al金属间化合物。实验结果表明:合金元素铬的添加,改变了铁铝合金的断裂模式,即由纯解理断裂模式变为解理、沿晶混合断裂模式;铬的加入改善了室温韧性,提高了解理强度。     

基于元胞自动机的复杂系统脆性仿真

复杂系统研究是当前的热点,脆性是复杂系统的一个基本属性．在一个复杂系统中,当一个子系统遭受足够大的打击而崩溃时,整个系统将会崩溃．元胞自动机是一个离散的动力学系统,它可以用来仿真复杂系统的行为．文章应用元胞自动机对复杂社会系统的脆性进行仿真．仿真结果说明传染病扩散对其它社会子系统具有很大的影响．作为复杂系统的一个子系统,传染病的大规模扩散会使社会混乱,进而得出它具有脆性的结论．     

连续退火线平整机辊形优化

对连续退火线平整机的板形问题进行研究.通过实际生产数据的统计分析,基于减小有害接触区和增强弯辊力调控功效的思想,利用影响函数法下的辊系弹性变形计算提出了相应的平整机支持辊辊形优化目标.采用分层序列法处理多目标函数,并通过混合遗传算法进行求解,设计出新的辊形配置方案.使用二维变厚度理论建立辊系有限元模型,对辊缝横向刚度、弯辊力调控功效进行计算校核.将研究结果应用于实际生产,改善了平整机的板形控制效果,降低弯辊负担.     

20CrMo连铸坯高温力学性能和热物理性能分析

采用Greeble-1500D热模拟机和STA449综合热分析仪研究20CrMo钢连铸坯的高温延塑性和部分热物性能,获得可靠的基础数据;找出了该钢种的最佳塑性区温度范围,在600—775℃范围内,断面收缩率仅为30％,而在800—1250℃范围内断面收缩率均为80％以上。在1350℃至熔点塑性又迅速下降到60％以下;首次绘制了该钢种的热容随温度变化的关系曲线,分段回归出了比热cp随温度变化的计算公式;绘制出热膨胀系数随温度变化的关系曲线;并对研究结果在连铸生产中的应用进行了分析讨论．     

Effect of tin addition on the microstructure and properties of ferritic stainless steel

This article reports the effects of Sn on the inclusions as well as the mechanical properties and hot workability of ferritic stainless steel. Precipitation phases and inclusions in Sn-bearing ferritic stainless steel were observed, and the relationship between the workability and the microstructure of the steel was established. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic analysis of the steel reveals that an almost pure Sn phase forms and MnS-Sn compound inclusions appear in the steel with a higher Sn content. Little Sn segregation was observed in grain boundaries and in the areas around sulfide inclusions; however, the presence of Sn does not adversely affect the workability of the steel containing 0.4wt% Sn. When the Sn content is 0.1wt%-0.4wt%, Sn improves the tensile strength and the plastic strain ratio and also improves the plasticity with increasing temperature. A mechanism of improving the workability of ferritic stainless steel induced by Sn addition was discussed:the presence of Sn lowers the defect concentration in the ultra-pure ferritic lattice and the good distribution of tin in the lattice overcomes the problem of hot brittleness that occurs in low-carbon steel as a result of Sn segregation.     

论宽严相济刑事政策的产生背景和现实性质

宽严相济刑事政策的出台基于对犯罪“严打”的反思和对犯罪规律的再认识,还基于对刑罚功能有限、司法资源有限的现实考虑,更基于建设和谐社会、均衡社会利益与个人利益、适应全球两极刑事政策趋势的需要。宽严相济刑事政策性质定位,决定了其在社会犯罪治理中应有的作用和涉及的范围。宽严相济刑事政策的现实性质还不是基本刑事政策,而是属于刑事司法政策,这种状况不利于达到政策固有的或者期望的宗旨。     

Cascading failure prevention of complex systems based on brittleness entropy game

A non-cooperative game model based on brittleness entropy is formulated for preventing cascading failure of complex systems.Subsystems of a complex system are mapped to the players of the game.The influence of collapsed subsystems to other subsystems is also taken into account in the definition of payoff function except for their own entropy increase.This influence is named brittleness entropy.Each player has two optional strategies：rational for negative entropy and irrational for negative entropy.The model is designed to identify the players who select an irrational strategy for negative entropy.The players who select the irrational strategy for negative entropy continue to compete for negative entropy after the recovery of ordered state and make other subsystems can＇ t get enough negative entropy to reduce entropy increase.It leads to cascading failure of the complex system in the end.Genetic algorithm is used to seek the solution of game model,and the simulation result verifies the effectiveness of the proposed model.The model provides a new way to prevent cascading failure of complex systems.     

试论辛弃疾的经济生活与词创作

辛弃疾的经济生活堪为南宋高级文官的代表。其俸禄收入来源广,数量丰,支持其基本生活所需绰绰有余。其良好的经济状况影响到生活方式,使其广交游、多宴饮,从而催生了词创作活动,导致其偏好词体,具有尊体意识。而辛词所表现的平和心态以及崇雅尚真的审美趣味,也或多或少受其经济生活的影响,并通过词作的题材、风格等方面得以呈现。