基于多小波的SAR图像去噪与压缩

SAR图像固有的乘性相干斑噪声降低了图像的相关性,增加了信息熵,影响了图像压缩的性能.多小波能够同时拥有正交性、紧支性和对称性,比单小波具有更多的自由度.因此提出了在多小波域进行去噪和压缩相结合的SAR图像编码算法.首先对图像进行多小波变换,采用改进的软阈值法抑制相干斑噪声同时对图像边缘进行保护,再对多小波系数重排建立空间方向树,然后采用多级树集合划分(SPIHT)算法进行编码.实验结果表明,该算法改进了重建SAR图像的PSNR,同时对相干斑噪声进行了有效的抑制.     

The Entropy of System Decreases with the Deflection from the Equiprobability Distribution

1　IntroductionEntropy,asameasurementthatdescribestheuncertaintyofsubsystemsdistributioninasystem,hasdevelopedunceasingly.First,R.J.E.Clausiusintroduceditintothermodynamics,asastatefunction,todescribetheauto-evolutionabilityofthestate.Thedifferenceofentropybetweenthetwostatesequalstothequantityofheatabsorbedbythesysteminanisothermalprocess,thatisS2-S1=∫21dQT(1)　　L.E.Boltzmannconnecteditwiththeuncertaintyofsubsystemsdistributioninathermodynamicalsystem.Theentropyofathermodynamicalsystem…     

毛泽东系统思想与方法析源

毛泽东系统思想和方法,是对中国古代系统思维方法和马列主义系统思想与方法的继承和发展,是毛泽东哲学思想的重要组成部分。毛泽东在领导中国人民进行革命和建设的过程中,科学吸收了中国古代系统思维方法和马克思列宁主义系统思想中的系统始基、系统整体性、系统相关性、系统层次结构性、系统协同倍增等思想和方法,形成了独具特色的系统思想和方法。     

镇保隧道左幅进口洞口段变形及坍方处治方案

镇保隧道左幅进口进洞前后，洞口边仰坡变形开裂、洞内右侧初期支护大范围变形侵界、浅埋段地表沉降开裂滑塌及大坍方，文章阐述了如何对以上情况进行处理。     

Treed Avalanche Forecasting: Mitigating Avalanche Danger Utilizing Bayesian Additive Regression Trees

Little Cottonwood Canyon Highway is a dead‐end, two‐lane road leading to Utah's Alta and Snowbird ski resorts. It is the only road access to these resorts and is heavily traveled during the ski season. Professional avalanche forecasters monitor this road throughout the ski season in order to make road closure decisions in the face of avalanche danger. Forecasters at the Utah Department of Transportation (UDOT) avalanche guard station at Alta have maintained an extensive daily winter database on explanatory variables relating to avalanche prediction. Whether or not an avalanche crosses the road is modeled in this paper via Bayesian additive tree methods. Utilizing daily winter data from 1995 to 2011, results show that using Bayesian tree analysis outperforms traditional statistical methods in terms of realized misclassification costs that take into consideration asymmetric losses arising from two types of error. Closing the road when an avalanche does not occur is an error harmful to resort owners, and not closing the road when one does may result in injury or death. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A new species of Schizopera (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) from Japan,its phylogeny based on the mtCOI gene and comments on the genus Schizoperopsis

The predominantly marine genus Schizopera Sars, 1905 has only two significant inland water species-flocks, one in the ancient African Lake Tanganyika and the other in subterranean waters of Western Australia. Discovery of Schizopera abei sp. nov. from several interstitial locations in the vicinity of the ancient Lake Biwa has wider implications for the study of morphological homoplasies in the genus, as well as for the study of freshwater invasions in harpacticoid copepods. The new Schizopera species belongs to a small group of congeners with a two-segmented endopod of the fourth leg, which used to be recognised as a separate genus, Schizoperopsis Apostolov, 1982. Our reconstructed phylogenies based on the mtCOI partial sequences suggest that this character probably evolved convergently in at least some Schizopera, thus rendering the genus Schizoperopsis polyphyletic. However, almost all basal nodes in our cladograms are weakly supported, which shows limitations of a single-gene approach for reconstructing phylogenetic relationships. The new species is the first member of its genus from Japanese inland waters, and it has no close relatives among extent congeners anywhere in the world. We speculate that its ancestor may have invaded Lake Biwa, and subsequently its surrounding subterranean waters, from brackish areas around central Japan, presumably during a period of high sea water level through its major outflow river. This discovery may provide further support for the hypothesis about the role of ancient lakes as biodiversity pumps for subterranean habitats.

http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1F71F7AD-B7C8-4AD3-BE44-5E1BEE4E2AA8     

A new species of Notostrix (Acari: Eriophyidae), with notes on the host plants and distribution of species of this genus

Thirteen Notostrix Keifer species are presently known, all from leaves of palm trees (Arecaceae) to which they seemingly cause no major damage. A new species of this genus, Notostrix macrothrix sp. nov., is morphologically described based on adult females and males collected from coconut, Cocos nucifera L. (Arecaceae), on La Reunión Island. A discussion about the presently known distribution of mites of this genus is also presented. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:14C65CB2-AF56-4D85-AD49-56FA11119EF5     

低糖白茶饮料的研制

本试验以福鼎白茶为主要原料开发低糖白茶饮料.首先通过茶水比、温度、时间三个因素设计正交试验,并根据正交试验的结果确定最佳浸提条件;其次将根据此最佳浸提条件得到的茶汤按一定的浓度梯度加入去离子水稀释,确定最佳稀释量;然后在上述最佳条件所得到的茶汤中加入不同浓度组合的辅料白砂糖和维生素C并确定最佳添加量;最后经杀菌制得天然低糖白茶饮料.     

培养古代汉语自主学习能力的实践与思考

重视大学生古代汉语自主学习能力的培养,既是适应现代教育培养人的综合素质的需要,也是深化古代汉语教学改革,提高教学效率的要求。培养学生古代汉语自主学习能力,教师要转变教学观念,要熟悉自主学习的基本内容,要掌握培养自主学习能力的方法。     

萍乡市古籍保存及利用状况分析

通过对萍乡市古籍保存及利用状况的调查与分析,指出应进一步加强对古籍的保护,并针对古籍的特点对其进行合理的开发与利用,从而最大限度地为本地区政治、经济、文化事业的可持续发展服务。