名优绿茶杂交新品种“佛香3号”选育

采用人工杂交育种方法，于1980年以长叶白毫和福鼎大白茶为亲本，通过人工授粉，从杂交F1材料中单株选择，经过多年的品种比较试验、区域性试验，选育出具高香、优质、高产、抗逆性强，适制名优绿茶的杂交新品种佛香3号，适宜在云南大叶茶种地区推广种植．     

乌龙茶及其饮料中总黄酮的光谱分析

以乌龙茶及其饮料为分析对象采用三波长．光谱法测定乌龙茶及其饮料中黄酮的含量，有效地消除了吸收峰不对称给定量分析造成的影响，并校正了基于干扰组分(饮料中添加剂)的吸收光谱具有线性吸收产生的基线倾斜．本法的回收率为94．0％～97．0％，变异系数小于0．28％，方法的准确度与精密度均令人满意，而且操作简便易行。     

一种白芽奇兰茶果冻的研制

κ-卡拉胶与魔芋胶复配可以形成热可逆、弹性优良的凝胶,适用于果冻的生产。以κ-卡拉胶与魔芋胶复配作为凝胶剂,添加白芽奇兰茶粉和白砂糖制成茶果冻。通过优化实验,探究κ-卡拉胶与魔芋胶复配比例、复配凝胶剂添加量、白砂糖添加量、白芽奇兰茶粉添加量对茶果冻质构和感官评价的影响。结果表明:当κ-卡拉胶和魔芋胶复配比为7∶5、复配凝胶剂添加量为0.4%（质量分数）、白芽奇兰茶粉添加量为0.11%（质量分数）、白砂糖添加量为8.0%（质量分数）时,茶果冻的配方最佳,研制的果冻具有茶汤的橙黄色,茶香怡人,滋味协调,口感爽滑,质构优良。     

咖啡因对提高水稻辐射诱变效率的初步探讨

采用咖啡因前处理后再用10000拉特(~80)Co—γ射线辐照水稻种子的试验表明:咖啡因对M_1代所产生的生理损伤(成苗率、苗高及育性等)有加剧作用.M_2代秧苗叶绿素突变及田间农艺性状变异的频率有提高的趋势,而用同样浓度的咖啡因单独处理则没有这些作用.     

烯二炔类抗肿瘤抗生素的生物合成研究进展

烯二炔类抗生素以其独特的化学结构和强烈的抗肿瘤活性成为化学、生物和医药领域重点关注的对象。本文简要介绍了近年来关于烯二炔化合物的生物合成研究进展,以及运用组合生物合成的原理创造新型烯二炔结构类似物的前景。烯二炔类抗生素为我们研究复杂天然产物的生物合成提供了一个很好的模型,其基因和生化水平机制的阐明将进一步丰富组合生物合成的内容和手段,最终有利于发现和发展新型的抗肿瘤药物。     

Endothelium-derived nitric oxide and vascular physiology and pathology

In 1980, Furchgott and Zawadzki demonstrated that the relaxation of vascular smooth muscle cells in response to acetylcholine is dependent on the anatomical integrity of the endothelium. Endothelium-derived relaxing factor was identified 7 years later as the free radical gas nitric oxide (NO). In endothelium, the amino acid L-arginine is converted to L-citrulline and NO by one of the three NO synthases, the endothelial isoform (eNOS). Shear stress and cell proliferation appear to be, quantitatively, the two major regulatory factors of eNOS gene expression. However, eNOS seems to be mainly regulated by modulation of its activity. Stimulation of specific receptors to various agonists (e.g., bradykinin, serotonin, adenosine, ADP/ATP, histamine, thrombin) increases eNOS enzymatic activity at least in part through an increase in intracellular free Ca²⁺. However, the mechanical stimulus shear stress appears again to be the major stimulus of eNOS activity, although the precise mechanisms activating the enzyme remain to be elucidated. Phosphorylation and subcellular translocation (from plasmalemmal caveolae to the cytoskeleton or cytosol) are probably involved in these regulations. Although eNOS plays a major vasodilatory role in the control of vasomotion, it has not so far been demonstrated that a defect in endothelial NO production could be responsible for high blood pressure in humans. In contrast, a defect in endothelium-dependent vasodilation is known to be promoted by several risk factors (e.g., smoking, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia) and is also the consequence of atheroma (fatty streak infiltration of the neointima). Several mechanisms probably contribute to this decrease in NO bioavailability. Finally, a defect in NO generation contributes to the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension. Elucidation of the mechanisms of eNOS enzyme activity and NO bioavailability will contribute to our understanding the physiology of vasomotion and the pathophysiology of endothelial dysfunction, and could provide insights for new therapies, particularly in hypertension and atherosclerosis.     

Nitric oxide biosynthesis, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors and arginase competition for L-arginine utilization

Nitric oxide (NO) is a recently discovered mediator produced by mammalian cells. It plays a key role in neurotransmission, control of blood pressure, and cellular defense mechanisms. Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) catalyze the oxidation of L-arginine to NO and L-citrulline. NOSs are unique enzymes in that they possess on the same polypeptidic chain a reductase domain and an oxygenase domain closely related to cytochrome P450s. NO and superoxide formation as well as NOS stability are finely regulated by Ca²⁺/calmodulin interactions, by the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin, and by substrate availability. Strong interactions between the L-arginine-metabolizing enzymes are clearly demonstrated by competition between NOSs and arginases for L-arginine utilization, and by potent inhibition of arginase activity by N^ω-hydroxy-L-arginine, an intermediate in the L-arginine to NO pathway.     

马尾松松针速溶茶浸提工艺的研究

通过对松针速溶茶浸提工艺的研究,得到以下结果：以o.5％β-环糊精溶液为提取溶剂,辅助超声波提取,通过单因素和正交试验,得出最佳浸提条件：提取时间为60 min,料液比为1 g∶55 ml,提取温度为75℃,提取功率为270 W.     

几种茶叶中抗氧化性物质的比较研究

研究了几种茶叶的抗氧化性,为选择饮用茶叶品种和加工开发茶叶提供参考。采用了"蒸馏水熬制"和"乙醇浸取法",从不同茶叶中提取了抗氧化性物质,对其的还原能力、清除DPPH自由基能力及总酚含量进行了测定。三种测定方法测定结果:还原能力大小、清除DPPH自由基能力大小与提取物总酚含量高低相一致。结果表明,不发酵茶(炒青)、半发酵茶(乌龙茶和糯米小沱)和发酵茶(红茶)三类茶叶中,不发酵茶提取物的抗氧化性最强,可以为选择饮用茶叶品种和加工开发茶叶及天然抗氧化剂的开发应用提供参考。     

咖啡因合成的绿色技术

以 3R原则 (Reduce,Reuse,Recycle)评论了合成咖啡因工业绿色技术的进展。缩合反应的副产物醋酸可再利用生产氯乙酸和盐酸 ,完成闭合循环。以振动筛板塔萃取咖啡因不仅提高了收率 ,而且降低了高毒溶剂氯仿的用量和能耗。萃残液中溶解和夹带的氯仿 ,可用磺化煤油萃取和蒸馏回收。茶碱结晶后的母液 ,可用 2 -乙基己醇萃取回收其中的茶碱。 1,3-二甲基 - 5亚硝基脲嘧啶的电催化加氢是取代还原剂铁粉或氢气有应用前景的绿色技术