Studies of a key protein in the mechanism of the excitation-contraction coupling process of frog skeletal muscle,using phenylglyoxal

The excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling process in single twitch fibres from frog toe muscle was inhibited selectively by phenylglyoxal (PGO), a specific guanidyl modifying reagent. A new protein (31.5 kDa), which has PGO-binding ability and seems to play a key role in the E-C coupling process, was solubilized from transverse tubule membrane-junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum complexes (TTM-JSR) of frog skeletal muscles, using¹⁴C-PGO. The monoclonal antibody against this protein applied extracellularly inhibited the E-C coupling process of the single fibres. This protein appears to constitute the very first step of input for E-C coupling. It is considered to behave as an indispensable part of an electrometer to measure membrane potentials. Therefore, the name electrometrin is suggested for the new protein.     

Biology of halophilic bacteria,Part II

Archaebacteria (archaea) are comprised of three groups of prokaryotes: extreme halophiles, methanogens and thermoacidophiles (extreme thermophiles). Their membrane phospholipids and glycolipids are derived entirely from a saturated, isopranoid glycerol diether,sn-2,3-diphytanylglycerol (archaeol) and/or its dimer, dibiphytanyldiglyceroltetraether (caldarchaeol). In extreme halophiles, the major phospholipid is the archaeol analogue of phosphatidylglycerolmethylphosphate (PGP-Me); the glycolipids are sulfated and/or unsulfated glycosyl archaeols with diverse carbohydrate structure characteristic of taxons on the generic level. Biosynthesis of these archaeol-derived polar lipids occurs in a multienzyme, membrane-bound system that is absolutely dependent on high salt concentration (4 M). The highly complex biosynthetic pathways involve intermediates containing glycerol ether-linked C₂₀-isoprenyl groups which are reduced to phytanyl groups to give the final saturated polar lipids. In methanogens, polar lipids are derived both from archaeol and caldarchaeol, and thermoacidophiles contain essentially only caldarchaeol-derived polar lipids. The function of these membrane polar lipids in maintaining the stability, fluidity and ionic properties of the cell membrane of extreme halophiles, as well as the evolutionary implications of the archaeol and caldarchaeol-derived structures will be discussed.     

退火条件对LDPE空间电荷特性的影响研究

使用冷却速率不同的3种退火方法制备了不同微观形态的LDPE薄膜,对薄膜试品进行了显微观测,并运用傅立叶红外分析对3种试品的结晶度进行了比较,同时使用PEA空间电荷测量技术对不同电场下这3种试品的空间电荷分布进行了观测,并基于结晶度和微观形态对LDPE空间电荷特性做了讨论.研究结果表明施加电场撤压后,高速冷却试品比低速冷却试品和正常冷却试品积聚更多的空间电荷,而随着撤压时间的增加,低速冷却试品中积聚的空间电荷衰减得最快.     

镁修饰丝光沸石对萘异丙基化选择性的影响

2，6-二异丙基萘是制备高级聚酯材料PEN和液晶聚合物的原料。用择形催化剂丝光沸石代替传统的Friedel—Crafts催化剂，在高压釜中以萘和丙烯为原料经异丙基化反应合成了2，6-DIPN。采用浸渍法用少量镁盐修饰水汽脱铝氢型丝光沸石（SDHM），减少了SDHM外表面的强B酸中心和非择形产物的生成，从而使2，6-DIPN的择形率提高到71％。2，6-DIPN／2，7-DIPN摩尔比达到2．89，有利于2，6-DIPN的分离提纯。     

旋转弹两级分离动力学模型建立与仿真

为了研究不同连接方式对导弹两级分离的影响,针对采用套筒连接和螺栓对接两种分离连接方案的旋转弹,对两种连接形式分别进行了分离过程的运动特性分析;针对两种连接方式不同的运动特点,分析了其分离过程的运动学和动力学特性,并在此基础上建立了相应的弹体动力学模型.根据两种连接形式的算例,对分离过程进行了数字仿真分析.仿真结果显示两种模型下导弹分离成功,证明弹体动力学模型合理.     

SARS冠状病毒的系统发育基因组研究

对SARS冠状病毒(SARS Coronavirus,SARS-CoV)进行了系统发育基因组研究.应用CLUSAL-X1.83程序,将来自GenBank数据库的全部102条SARS-CoV全基因组序列记录做多序列联配,然后采用MEGA3软件包进行系统发育基因组分析,使用邻接法构建系统发育树.根据该系统树,SARS-CoV全基因组记录可以分为2类.第1类包括2个来源于动物的分离株;第2类则覆盖了所有的人源分离株,并且可进一步分为2组,其中第1组包括5个来自于广东省的分离株,而第2组则覆盖了其他的来自于香港、内地和海外的分离株.这一分支格局代表了SARS-CoV从兽到人、从广东到全球的传播过程,并且基因组的替代变异幅度在传播过程中由大到小,逐渐稳定下来.还详细地给出了区分上述2群和2组的分子标签,为新毒株的鉴定和分型提供了理论依据.     

底栖无脊椎动物群落与生物监测

利用无脊椎动物群落作为生物监测的条件，将具有潜在胁迫的系统与未受干扰的基准区群落进行比较，以评价测试系统的状态．着重讨论了基准条件法建模过程及结果的分析方法，并提出了其应用前景．     

基于LabVIEW 7．0 Express的测定化学电池E—t关系的虚拟仪器

研制了基于LabVIEW 7．0 Express的实时测定电池电动势(E)与温度(t)关系的化学虚拟仪器系统．运用集成运放器设计制作了电池电动势和温度的调理电路，通过PCI2002卡双通道同时采集，实现了E随t变化关系的跟踪测定，计算机实时绘出E—t曲线．用LabVIEW Function模板中的相关函数编程，剔除野值，获得最佳拟合E—t函数表达式．应用结果表明：该系统操作简单、界面友好，实时数据显示和自动处理数据，避免了人工操作和数据处理的人为误差，结果令人满意．     

无土培育罗汉果种薯初探

以罗汉果无病毒苗为试材,利用不同容器进行无土培育罗汉果种薯。结果表明,在富含有机基质的容器内培育罗汉果块茎,能得到良好的生长,其根系旺盛发达,种薯直径5 cm以上达94.3%。     

南亚寡鬃实蝇的风险分析

本文根据国际粮农组织(FAO)风险分析的准则(IPPC),通过地理评估和管理标准、定殖及定殖后扩散的可能性、传入的可能性,危害性和防治的难度对对南瓜实蝇传入我国的风险进行,为制定我国针对性检疫措施提供资料依据。