运动参数受限的目标跟踪算法研究

提出一种运动参数受限的目标跟踪算法,对于速度受限目标采用平滑修正滤波跟踪算法,首先使用Kalman滤波得到当前时刻的滤波值,找到平滑精度最高点,根据速度限制条件,对滤波结果进行修正。为了保证滤波的无偏有效性,修正计算得到的结果不参与后续滤波处理。通过理论分析和仿真表明,速度受限跟踪算法在观测误差相对较大以及滤波起始阶段可以使滤波跟踪效果获得较大的改善。     

计算机生成兵力的目标选择研究

根据CGF目标选择的模糊性特点,介绍了一个基于模糊集理论的目标威胁分析算法和基于效用理论的目标选择算法。基于模糊集理论的威胁分析能准确反映和描述实际战场环境下信息的模糊特性,算法通过隶属度函数计算得出不同威胁因素的隶属度值,然后通过层次分析法综合各威胁因素隶属度值获得每个目标的威胁程度。基于效用理论的目标选择算法通过效用函数综合考虑了目标的威胁程度和与之交战的期望效益两方面因素,能很好地模拟实际作战兵力的目标选择过程。     

基于MQNM的双基地雷达目标定位改进算法

针对求解双基地雷达目标定位问题常用的Gauss-Newton法自身固有的缺点,如收敛精度和收敛速度依赖于迭代初值与真实值的接近程度和函数的非线性程度,进一步考虑了目标函数Hessian阵的二阶信息,结合MQNM法(修正拟牛顿法)提出了一种双基地雷达目标定位问题的优化改进算法。计算机仿真结果表明了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于时变偏差分离估计的杂波下机动目标跟踪

在杂波环境机动目标跟踪问题中,波门位置和范围的确定是关键技术之一。在分析了时变偏差分离估计算法的有偏差的状态估计协方差基础上,提出了基于时变偏差分离估计(separate bias estimation, SBE)和概率数据关联(probabilistic data association, PDA)的新算法,利用了偏差估计和有偏差的状态估计协方差来确定波门位置和范围,并结合PDA处理多个回波的能力,实现杂波环境下机动目标的跟踪。通过仿真实验,说明了新算法的优势和有效性。     

基于改进粒子滤波的微弱目标检测前跟踪算法

研究高速微弱目标的积累检测问题,提出了一种改进粒子滤波的检测前跟踪算法。该算法采用与雷达距离-多普勒图像相匹配的量测数据模型,能克服传统点扩散函数的模型误差。采用“新生”粒子从强度最高的分辨单元集内均匀产生,且按概率对权重最低的部分“存活”粒子用“新生”粒子将其替换的粒子更新策略,在增加粒子多样性的同时缓解了粒子的退化。仿真实验表明,本文算法的检测与跟踪性能要优于标准的粒子滤波算法。     

Target location with signal fitting and sub-aperture tracking for airborne multi-channel radar

The location of a moving target based on signal fitting and sub-aperture tracking from an airborne multi-channel radar is dealt with. The proposed approach is applied in two steps: first, the ambiguous slant-range velocity is derived with a modified single-snapshot multiple direction of arrival estimation method, and second, the unambiguous slant-range velocity is found using a track-based criterion. The prominent advantage of the proposed approach is that the unambiguous slant-range velocity can be very large. Besides, the first stage is carried out at the determinate range-Doppler test cell by azimuth searching for fitting best to the moving target signal, therefore, the location performance would not be sacrificed in order to suppress clutter and/or interference. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method are validated with a set of airborne experimental data.     

正负靶心灰靶决策模型

对灰靶决策模型进行了进一步的拓展研究.定义理想最优及理想最劣方案分别为灰靶的正负靶心,在综合考虑方案与正负靶心的距离,将靶心距作为向量在空间分析的基础上定义了综合靶心距.由各方案靶心距大小及指标权重的不确定性分析的基础上构建目标规划,并由此确定指标权重.由此建立了正负靶心灰靶决策模型.最后以实例说明了所提出的灰靶决策模型的合理性及算法的有效性.     

Modeling for UAV resource scheduling under mission synchronization

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) resource scheduling means to allocate and aggregate the available UAV resources depending on the mission requirements and the battlefield situation assessment. In previous studies, the models cannot reflect the mission synchronization; the targets are treated respectively,which results in the large scale of the problem and high computational complexity. To overcome these disadvantages, a model for UAV resource scheduling under mission synchronization is proposed, which is based on single-objective non-linear integer programming. And several cooperative teams are aggregated for the target clusters from the available resources. The evaluation indices of weapon allocation are referenced in establishing the objective function and the constraints for the issue. The scales of the target clusters are considered as the constraints for the scales of the cooperative teams to make them match in scale. The functions of the intersection between the "mission time-window" and the UAV "arrival time-window" are introduced into the objective function and the constraints in order to describe the mission synchronization effectively. The results demonstrate that the proposed expanded model can meet the requirement of mission synchronization, guide the aggregation of cooperative teams for the target clusters and control the scale of the problem effectively.     

一种改进的不敏粒子滤波算法

提出了一种改进的不敏粒子滤波（UPF,Unscented Particle Filter）算法。和传统的UPF相比,该算法有两点改进,首先,在形成＂粒子云＂时,直接采用当前时刻各粒子的UKF（Unscented Kalman Filter）估计作为粒子,在保证粒子有效性的同时,减少了UKF之后的重采样过程;然后,结合新的粒子产生办法,重新定义了权值计算方法,避免了对各粒子重要概率的复杂计算。仿真表明,改进算法在减少计算量的同时,有效地提高了跟踪稳定性和跟踪精度。

Abstract：

An improved Unscented Particle Filter （UPF） algorithm was proposed.Compared with traditional UPF,it has been improved at two points.First,when producing particle cloudy,it directly uses the current particle estimation of Unscented Kalman Filter （UKF） as new particle,which guarantees the validity of particles and eliminates the re-sampling process after UKF as well;then,according to the new particle-producing method,a weight-calculating formula is re-defined,so as to avoid the complicated computation of proposal probability of every particle.A simulation shows that the Improved UPF （I-UPF） can effectively enhance the tracking stability and tracking precision and reduce computational cost at the same time.     

基于UKF-IMM的双红外机动目标跟踪算法

为了有效解决红外机动目标跟踪精度问题,提出基于UKF的交互式多模型IMM红外机动目标跟踪算法.该方法采用Markov过程描述多个目标模型间的切换,同时导出滤波器输入输出均加权的交互式算法.滤波器采用UKF,避免计算扩展卡尔曼滤波EKF所需的Jacobi矩阵,适用于非线性、非高斯的目标系统模型和观测模型,同时UKF可供多个模型共用,便于软、硬件实现.最后,用双红外探测器对S型机动目标进行仿真实验,给出应用该方法的具体步骤,验证了IMM-UKF的稳定性、有效性和精确性.