北约体制的结构性缺陷与美欧的互动调整

北约体制是以美国为主导,以欧洲国家为主体,以欧洲安全事务为主要内容的结构形式,主导国家与主体国家的分离是形成结构性缺陷的根本原因。在冷战后成员利益出现分化时,这种缺陷凸显,井严重威胁到现行北约体制。为了维护北约体制的存续,美、欧双方基于自身利益和实力都进行了深刻地调整,并逐渐形成北约未来体制模式和制度框架。     

一种基于动作条件互斥的处理动作条件效果的算法

在给出动作无条件互斥、动作半条件互斥和动作全条件互斥等概念的基础上,提出一种新的算法,在规划图的扩张阶段建立各种互斥关系,在规划解的搜索过程中利用这些互斥关系,判断是否需要进行条件冲突检测,从而加快了有效规划的搜索,提高了系统的效率.     

复方金钱草颗粒的二次开发研究进展

复方金钱草颗粒是由广金钱草、车前草、光石韦、玉米须4味中药材组成的中成药制剂,具有清热利湿、通淋排石的功效,临床广泛用于治疗泌尿系统结石和尿路感染。本文对复方金钱草颗粒的主要成分、质量控制方法、作用机制及临床疗效等方面的研究进行综述,旨在为中成药的深入开发及临床推广应用提供参考。     

Creating ‘Rhizomatic Systems’ for Understanding Complexity in Organizations

The article describes and demonstrates the use of a new research proposal for understanding the complexity in organizations in terms of a Deleuzian sense of an event. It creates the rhizome metaphor that allows the emergence of different ways of systems thinking, a legitimate challenge to the Modernist’s orthodoxy. For Deleuze and Guattari, micropolitics are the essence of what we call ‘rhizomatic systems.’ It is this concept of the organization, as a rhizome or rhizomatic systems that we want to focus from ‘problem solving’ in a real-world situation to the process of problematization, that is, the making or appreciating a series of events in the problematizing fields. The paper draws on the research experience in which participatory action research was carried out in a Korean distribution company. The participatory learning process happened to create a series of events in which ‘time-related research’ was conducted in order to facilitate the process of problematization within the organization.

Practicality, Positionality, and Emancipation: Reflections on Participatory Action Research with a Watershed Partnership

In the last few decades, there has been a trend towards increased stakeholder and public participation in natural resource management in North America. To a certain extent, the rationale for this trend is found in the complexity and uncertainty of environmental issues, which confront us with the coexistance of multiple legitimate values and perspectives in society. Recognizing this “epistemological plurality” has important implications for both policy and science. In this paper, I critically reflect on my experiences as a doctoral student engaged in participatory action research (PAR) with a watershed partnership in Ontario, Canada. In providing this biographical account, I seek to make a contribution to ongoing discussions regarding the nature, challenges and benefits of this methodological approach for academic research, as well as to emerging debates on PAR in the context of environmental governance and “post-normal” approaches to natural resource management.

Biosynthesis, immunity, regulation, mode of action and engineering of the model lantibiotic nisin

This review discusses the state-of-the-art in molecular research on the most prominent and widely applied lantibiotic, i.e., nisin. The developments in understanding its complex biosynthesis and mode of action are highlighted. Moreover, novel applications arising from engineering either nisin itself, or from the construction of totally novel dehydrated and/or lanthionine-containing peptides with desired bioactivities are described. Several challenges still exist in understanding the immunity system and the unique multiple reactions occurring on a single substrate molecule, carried out by the dehydratase NisB and the cyclization enzyme NisC. The recent elucidation of the 3-D structure of NisC forms the exciting beginning of further 3-D-structure determinations of the other biosynthetic enzymes, transporters and immunity proteins. Advances in achieving in vitro activities of lanthionine-forming enzymes will greatly enhance our understanding of the molecular characteristics of the biosynthesis process, opening up new avenues for developing unique and novel biocatalytic processes. Received 9 April 2007; received after revision 31 August 2007; accepted 28 September 2007     

摩擦化学反应活化能对CMP的影响

根据质量作用定律,测定了铜膜在静态腐蚀和化学机械抛光（Chemical Mechanical Polishing,CMP）两种反应条件下的化学反应速率常数;通过Arrhenius方程,测定了铜膜在两种反应条件下的化学反应活化能.结果表明：当抛光液温度为298.15 K,工作压力为13 780 Pa时,静态腐蚀条件下体系化学反应速率常数是114.80 s^-1,而CMP条件下体系的化学反应速率常数是412.11 s^-1,同时,CMP条件下的反应活化能为4 849.80 J,静态腐蚀条件下的反应活化能为31 870.30 J,由此得出,反应活化能的降低是CMP过程中的机械摩擦作用所致.因此,根据CMP过程中铜膜和抛光垫各自克服滑动摩擦力所作的系统功,推导出CMP过程中活化能降低值的系统功表达式,并通过改变工作压力和转速来验证该表达式的适用性.     

具有常余维数2k+2l不动点集的(Z2)k作用

设(Z₂)^k作用作用于光滑闭流形Mⁿ, 其不动点集具有常余维数r, J^r_n,k是具有上述性质的未定向n维上协边类［Mⁿ］构成的 集合.J^r_*,k为未定向上协边环MO_*的理想. 通过构造MO_*的一组生成元证明由所有维数大于2^k+2^l的上协边类及分解式中每个因子的维数都小于2^k的2^k+2^l维可分解上协边类构成.     

头花蓼的化学成分及药理研究进展

头花蓼是少数民族地区的常用药,主要用于肾盂肾炎、尿道感染、利尿通淋等症。对它的研究始于二十世纪八十年代,已开发了热淋清系列制剂,为了更好地开发和利用其资源,本文就头花蓼的化学成分和药理研究的进展进行了综述。     

图书馆中外文图书分类和排架规则浅析

分析了图书馆中外文图书按照传统的中国图书馆分类法分类和排架的不足之处,提出中文图书在大类下再按照汉语拼音音序法进行排架,外文图书按照国际通用分类法进行分类和排架并与国际接轨的设想。