IC厌氧反应器处理马铃薯淀粉废水特征研究

采用IC(厌氧内循环)法,通过自行研制的IC反应器,研究了马铃薯淀粉废水处理效果,结果表明:初次启动历时25 d,二次启动仅仅历时6d,COD去除率均可保持在80％以上;反应器所能耐受的最大有积负荷为40.57 kg COD/(m3·d);最经济有效的停留时间为5h,最佳负荷为28.75 kg COD/(m3·d).     

马铃薯升华干燥过程中的仿真研究

目的 为了了解马铃薯升华干燥效果和马铃薯的升华干燥时间,优化冻干过程,减少冻干能耗,采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件对马铃薯切片进行模拟。方法 综合利用传热学、传质学和有关学科知识,建立马铃薯切片在升华干燥过程中的物理模型和数学模型,模拟马铃薯片的升华干燥过程。结果 冰质量与初始时刻冰质量之比随着干燥时间增加逐渐减少,脱水速率随着干燥时间增加逐渐减小。考虑模拟忽略了蒸汽从切片四周流出的实际情况,导致冰质量与初始时刻冰质量之比实际值小于模拟值,脱水速率实际值高于模拟值。实际上升华干燥能除去马铃薯切片85%以上甚至90%以上的水分,干燥效果较好。随着马铃薯切片厚度的增加,马铃薯切片的升华干燥时间逐渐增大。马铃薯升华干燥时所处的冻干仓温度越高,升华干燥完成时所用的时间越少。冻干仓压力越大,马铃薯升华干燥时间越长。隔板温度越大,马铃薯的升华干燥时间越短。结论 在对马铃薯进行冻干时,应尽量增加冻干仓温度,降低冻干仓压力,增加隔板温度,减小马铃薯厚度,以降低马铃薯在冷冻干燥过程中的能耗。     

Natural sweet macromolecules: how sweet proteins work

A few proteins, discovered mainly in tropical fruits, have a distinct sweet taste. These proteins have played an important role towards a molecular understanding of the mechanisms of taste. Owing to the huge difference in size, between most sweeteners and sweet proteins, it was believed that they must interact with a different receptor from that of small molecular weight sweeteners. Recent modelling studies have shown that the single sweet taste receptor has multiple active sites and that the mechanism of interaction of sweet proteins is intrinsically different from that of small sweeteners. Small molecular weight sweeteners occupy small receptor cavities inside two subdomains of the receptor, whereas sweet proteins can interact with the sweet receptor according to a mechanism called the ‘wedge model’ in which they bind to a large external cavity. This review describes these mechanisms and outlines a history of sweet proteins. Received 11 February 2006; received after revision 31 March 2006; accepted 11 May 2006     

甜高粱杂交种研究

通过对甜高粱杂交种的研究认为:甜格雷兹和辽甜在珠三角地区生长旺盛,优势强;其中甜格雷兹生物产量高,适宜于作饲料;辽甜含糖量高,可作为能源作物;育种除注意双亲互补,更应重视株高、节数、茎鲜重、叶面积等性状的选育,方能提高糖的含量。     

实行草木栖综合利用 促进农牧业全面发展

在伊犁等地采用发挥草木栖宿根二年生的生产潜力,于适宜时机割取茎叶作饲草,留下肥大的肉质根茬作绿肥,实行综合利用,建立高效的农牧结合的生产体系。是当前提高粮食及饲草生产,促进农区畜牧业发展,增加农民经济收入的有效途径之一,也是解决绿肥生产滑坡的途径。     

Myelin sheaths: glycoproteins involved in their formation,maintenance and degeneration

Myelin sheaths are formed around axons by extending, biochemically modifying and spiraling plasma membranes of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS). Because glycoproteins are prominent components of plasma membranes, it is not surprising that they have important roles in the formation, maintenance and degeneration of myelin sheaths. The emphasis in this review is on four integral membrane glycoproteins. Two of them, protein zero (P0) and peripheral myelin protein-22 (PMP-22), are components of compact PNS myelin. The other two are preferentially localized in membranes of sheaths that are distinct from compact myelin. One is the myelin-associated glycoprotein, which is localized at the inside of sheaths where it functions in glia-axon interactions in both the PNS and CNS. The other is the myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, which is preferentially localized on the outside of CNS myelin sheaths and appears to be an important target antigen in autoimmune demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. Received 8 April 2002; received after revision 13 May 2002; accepted 22 May 2002     

甘薯新品种"渝苏30"选育研究

介绍了甘薯新品种“渝苏30”的生产力和主要经济性状的鉴定结果。在1997年至1998年重庆市甘薯新品种区域试验中,鲜薯产量35.80t/hm^2,藤叶产量24.90t/hm^2,生物鲜产量60.70t/hm^2,生物干产量12.50t/hm^2,分别比对照“南薯88”增产9.31%,14.43%,11.36%和0.73%m,其薯干产量9.03t/hm^2,比对照“南薯88”减产3.94%,它在生产上产量表现更好,该品种萌芽性好,结薯较早,大中薯率85%以上,薯块烘干率25.38%,出粉率11.87%,氨基酸含量0.71%,“渝苏30”抗旱性强,抗黑斑病,贮藏性好。     

定西市马铃薯产业发展现状分析

通过对甘肃省土豆产业的资源禀赋优势以及以定西市等地区为主的土豆产业发展趋势的分析,提出了既符合当地农民利益,又能促进当地经济发展的营销策略。