基于单片机的超声波测距设计与研究

基于单片机的超声波测距仪。借助压电式陶瓷传感器TCT40-10F/S(1),其适用范围:家用电器和其他电子设备的遥控装置;超声测距,车辆倒车防撞报警装置。     

Relationship between the tropical cyclone genesis over the Northwest Pacific and the sea surface temperature anomalies

Using the tropical cyclone (TC) data derived from the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) and the sea surface temperature data derived from the Joint Environmental Data Analysis Center (JEDAC) at the Scripps Institute of Oceanography from January 1955 to December 2000, we analyzed the relationship between the TC genesis over the Northwest Pacific (NWP) and the sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) over the Pacific basin. A long-term trend indicated that the highest frequency of monthly TC genesis appeared earlier and the annual genesis sum increased gradually during the last half century with some oscillations. No significant synchronous correlation was found between the NWP TC events and the SSTA over the Pacific basin, while the annual sum of TC genesis was closely related with the SSTA averaged from the first three months (January, February and March) of the year in the equatorial western and eastern Pacific and over mid-high latitudes of the North Pacific. The results implied that there are an interannual El Nio SSTA mode in the equatorial western and eastern Pacific and an interdecadal SSTA mode in the northern Pacific, which affected the TC genesis. A regression analysis between the first three-month SSTA and the annual TC sum based on two time scales was conducted. The correlation coefficient between simulated and observed TC sums reached a high value of 0.77.     

拟共形映射的唯一极值问题

拟共形映射的极值问题是拟共形映射理论中的重要课题,将考虑曲面R=U Ri(i∈I)上的极值问题,其中每个Ri为双曲Riemman曲面,Ri ∩Ri=Φ,i≠j,I为可数非空指标集.我们将把经典情形极值问题的几个重要结果推广到我们要研究的空间R上来.     

Daily variation of carbon flux in soils of Populus euphratica forests in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River

In order to lucubrate the daily variation of respiration in soils of Populus euphratica forests and analyze its relationship with environmental factors in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, the LI-8100 instrument of soil CO2 flux system was used to measure the parameters of soil carbon flux and air temperature 10 cm above ground surface along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, and the relationships between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content were analyzed. The nonlinear regression analysis was carried out with the software SPSS13.0. We observed that: (1) soil respiration began to be restrained when the air temperature was up to 30℃10 cm above the ground surface; (2) the rates of soil respiration under the forests of Populus euphratica were significantly different at various moisture contents, the soil carbon flux was high along the Usyman profile, which has a high soil moisture content, and it was low along the profiles of Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, which has a low soil moisture content; (3) the exponential model can be used to explain the relationship between soil respiration and air temperature 10 cm above the ground surface. The average Q10 values along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday are 0. 61, 0.16, 0. 22 and 0. 35 respectively, much lower than the average of the world; (4) there is a positive correlation between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content.     

热轧带钢横向温度研究方法及测量分析

对目前带钢横向温度分布的研究方法和结论进行了分析;对1800热连轧机精轧出口带钢的横向温度进行测量,针对典型的分布规律,提出了描述参数,并用该参数就其分布规律以及分布与带钢宽度、纵向温度的关系进行了讨论,为建立热连轧带钢横向温度控制模型提供了依据.     

浅谈《数学分析》中的斯托克斯公式

对于斯托克斯公式,在教材中,大都是在证明了第一项φlp(x,y,z)dx=(s)∫∫pzd$zx-(s)∫∫pydσxy之后,由同理可证得φlQ(x,y,z)dy=∫∫(s)αQαxdσxy-(s)∫∫Qzdyz及φlR(x,y,z)dz=(s)∫∫Rydyz-(s)∫∫Rxdzy然后三项相加而完成证明。在教学中,通过研究曲面的法方向及方向余弦间的关系;研究格林公式的几种情况等,笔者对这部分内容给出证明。     

超声波提取扁蓄总黄酮及测定

目的:从扁蓄中提取总黄酮并测定其含量.方法:选择乙醇为溶剂,用超声波技术从扁蓄中提取黄酮类物质,并对所提取的黄酮类物质进行验证,用分光光度法测定含量.结果:测得样品中总黄酮的平均含量为1.88%,平均回收率为100.95%.结论:运用超声波法从扁蓄中可以提取出黄酮类物质,加快提取速度,提高提取效率.     

Numerical simulation on the evolution of sediment waves caused by turbidity currents

Interest in the forming mechanism of sediment waves increases recently because of its significance on submarine engineering, sedimentary dynamics and hydrocarbon reservoir prediction in deep water. In this paper, the time-averaged continuity equations and Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are applied in the numerical simulation of fluid dynamics. The modeling results are used to illuminate the effects of topography on turbidity current and explore the origin of submarine sediment waves. The research results show that (1) deposition occurs firstly at the lower ramp due to the deceleration of fluid, increase of density, loss of flow capacity and longer duration of flow passage; (2) density increase at the upslope due to the local jam results in velocity decrease and pressure increase; (3) sediment waves begin to be formed and migrated toward upstream in an area far away from the source with in- crease of the turbidity events; (4) deposition becomes more slowly with decrease of grain sizes, but the shape and sequences of these deposits are controlled by topography, not grain size.     

混合地震反演技术及其在东海南部陆架盆地中的应用

介绍了一种在无井或少井情况下的叠前叠后混合地震反演方法。该方法充分利用了叠前反演分辨率高和叠后反演效率高、抗噪能力强的优点。首先应用遗传算法理论在所选控制点的角道集数据上进行叠前波形反演,求取控制点的虚拟纵波速度曲线;然后利用纵波速度曲线和已知地质信息来建立初始模型,进行叠后约束反演。我国东海南部陆架盆地勘探程度低、探井数量少,适合于混合地震反演技术的应用。利用该地区的实际资料进行了混合地震反演,并对影响混合地震反演效果的关键因素（层速度、角道集数据、迭代次数、已知地质信息）进行了分析。结果表明,为了获取虚拟纵波速度,需要准确的速度谱和角道集数据;为了增强叠前反演的实用性,需要选择恰当的控制点;充分利用已知地质信息,可以减小叠后反演结果的多解性。     

西沙蒸发量的时间变化特征及与日照时间和近地面风速的关系

用中国西沙站1962-2004年月蒸发量、日照时间和近地面风速资料,分析了西沙各季节蒸发量的时间变化特征及其与日照时间、近地面风速变化的关系。结果表明:西沙春、夏和冬季蒸发量以年代际变化方差占优,年际变化方差次之;秋季蒸发量的年际变化方差和年代际变化方差相当。四季蒸发量年代际变化与近地面风速、日照时数的年代际变化都有显著的正相关。而蒸发量的年际变化仅与日照时数的年际变化有显著的正相关。四季蒸发量减弱的变化趋势是由近地面风速的减弱和太阳辐射的减少造成的。