Science Letters: Transient expression of chicken alpha interferon gene in lettuce

We investigated the possibility of producing chicken alpha interferon （ChlFN-α） in transgenic plants. The cDNA encoding ChlFN-α was introduced into lettuce （Lactuca sativa L.） plants by using an agro-infiltration transient expression system. The ChlFN-a gene was correctly transcribed and translated in the lettuce plants according to RT-PCR and ELISA assays. Recombinant protein exhibited antiviral activity in vitro by inhibition of vesicular stomatitis virus （VSV） replication on chicken embryonic fibroblast （CEF）. The results demonstrate that biologically active avian cytokine with potential pharmaceutical applications could be expressed in transgenic lettuce plants and that it is possible to generate interferon protein in forage plants for preventing infectious diseases of poultry.     

企业社会责任、购买意愿与购买行为——主动性人格与自我效能有调节的中介作用

理性行为理论认为，意愿是行为的有效预测变量；但企业社会责任相关研究表明，消费者的购买意愿与购买行为之间存在着巨大的差距。为了探究消费者响应企业社会责任行为对购买意愿的影响，并进而对购买行为的影响，以及购买意愿与购买行为之间的差距，构建了一个包含企业社会责任、购买意愿、购买行为、主动性人格与效能感的研究框架，通过情景化的自我报告问卷调查方法对研究框架进行了检验。研究结果表明：① 消费者一般会积极响应企业社会责任行为，其购买意愿部分中介企业社会责任与实际购买行为之间的关系；② 消费者由企业社会责任产生的购买意愿与购买行为之间存在较大的差距，企业社会责任可以解释25%的购买意愿，却只能解释20%的购买行为；③ 消费者主动性人格或效能感水平较高时，购买意愿对企业社会责任与购买行为之间关系的中介作用更强，可以有效减小伦理消费的意向-行为差距。     

基于文化创意的武术文化景观品牌化战略研究

综合运用民族传统体育学、武术传播学、营销学、文化地理学、文化学等学科,通过文化创意视角,理论整合武术文化景观的品牌化这一综合现实问题.对武术文化景观体系实现品牌化战略,必须强化和整合武术文化遗产保护与景观开发、武术文化节事传播与演艺营销、武术文化旅游地与大众休闲形象塑造等系统工程.     

Urban structure and the risk of influenza A （H1N1） outbreaks in municipal districts

Changsha was one of the most affected areas during the 2009 A （H 1N 1） influenza pandemic in China. Here, we analyze the spatial-temporal dynamics of the 2009 pan- demic across Changsha municipal districts, evaluate the relationship between case incidence and the local urban spatial structure and predict high-risk areas of influenza A （H1NI）. We obtained epidemiological data on all cases of influenza A （H1NI） reported across municipal districts in Changsha dur- ing period May 2009-December 2010 and data on population density and basic geographic characteristics for 239 primary schools, 97 middle schools, 347 universities, 96 mails and markets, 674 business districts and 121 hospitals. Spatial- temporal K functions, proximity models and logistic regres- sion were used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of influenza A （H1N1） incidence and the association between influenza A （HINI） cases and spatial risk factors and predict the infection risks. We found that the 2009 influenza A （H 1N 1 ） was driven by a transmission wave from the center of the study area to surrounding areas and reported cases increased significantly after September 2009. We also found that the distribution of influenza A （H 1N1） cases was associ- ated with population density and the presence of nearest public places, especially universities （OR = 10.166）. The final pre- dictive risk map based on the multivariate logistic analysis showed high-risk areas concentrated in the center areas of the study area associated with high population density. Our find- ings support the identification of spatial risk factors and high- risk areas to guide the prioritization of preventive and miti- gation efforts against future influenza pandemics.     

分数阶域噪声预测判决反馈均衡方法的研究

针对单载波频域均衡中噪声预测判决反馈均衡结构,介绍了一种基于独特字块结构的分数阶域噪声预测均衡方法,即将接收端的时域信号转换到分数阶域实现噪声预测判决反馈均衡。分数阶域的判决反馈均衡在保持前馈与反馈部分相互独立的同时,还利用了分数阶域信号的灵活性使均衡效果更好;与此同时,利用独特字的已知特性,在接收端将独特字和有用数据分开,再进行分数阶域均衡处理,恢复出原始数据。仿真结果表明,基于独特字的分数阶域噪声预测判决反馈方法相比传统基于循环前缀的均衡方法性能有很大提升。     

北京入境旅游流外向扩散的数量化分析

在分析旅游流研究现状的基础上,以2005～2009年《中国旅游统计年鉴》、《入境游客抽样调查资料》为主要数据来源,以北京入境旅游流外向扩散为研究对象,选取北京入境旅游流外向扩散的20个典型旅游省市,借助SPSS、Excel等统计软件,从流量变化、流入指数等方面对北京入境旅游流外向扩散进行数量化分析.结果表明,北京入境旅游流主要流向上海、陕西、广东、辽宁、天津和山东等经济发达或具有垄断性旅游资源的省市,北京入境旅游流外向扩散具有很强的资源导向性、经济导向性、距离导向性和交通导向性等特征.     

Ion transport-related resistive switching in film sandwich structures

Resistive switching memories based on ion transport and related electrochemical reactions have been extensively studied for years. To utilize the resistive switching memories for high-performance information storage applications, a thorough understanding of the key information of ion transport process, including the mobile ion species, the ion transport paths, as well as the electrochemical reaction behaviors of these ions should be provided for material and device optimization. Moreover, ion transport is usually accompanied by processes of microstructure modification, phase transition, and energy band structure variation that lead to further modulation of other physical properties, e.g., magnetism, optical emission/absorbance, etc., in the resistive switching materials. Therefore, novel resistive switching memories that are controlled through additional means of magnetic or optical stimulus, or demonstrate extra functionalities beyond information storage, can be made possible via well-defined ion transportation in various switching materials and devices. In this contribution, the mechanism of ion transport and related resistive switching phenomena in thin film sandwich structures is discussed first, followed by a glanceat the recent progress in the development of high-performance and multifunctional resistive switching memories. A brief perspective of the ion transport-based resistive switching memories is addressed at the end of this review.     

无限维空间的线性逼近特征

宽度理论由于其与最优算法紧密相连，进而得以蓬勃发展，成为逼近论的重要分支之一．陈广贵和蔡斌畏（2011年）研究了无限维空间在概率框架和平均框架下的非线性逼近特征。本文继续他们的研究，考察了无限维空间在概率和平均框架下的线性逼近特征问题，进而得出了无限维空间在概率框架和平均框架下线性宽度的精确阶．     

产γ-氨基丁酸乳酸菌的筛选

从多种酸菜水中分离筛选出乳酸菌,利用乳酸菌将谷氨酸转化为GABA的脱羧作用,通过混合酸碱指示剂颜色变化,直观判断谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）活性,进而筛选出产GABA乳酸菌菌株BL2,并对其进行初步鉴定;同时,采用纸层析法进行定性分析,确定菌株BL2可将谷氨酸钠转化生成GABA.     

尺寸可控的固相萃取吸附剂Ni/Al LDH的制备

采用非稳态共沉淀方法制备了无定形的Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子,水热处理过程促进了无定形沉淀的结晶,从而得到稳定的六边片状Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子胶体分散体系。通过调整胶溶温度和胶溶时间控制Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子的形貌和尺寸,对比不同胶溶温度和胶溶时间下得到的样品,得出制备Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子的最佳条件为胶溶温度130℃,胶溶时间24 h。由于Ni/Al LDH纳米粒子独特的带电及结构性质,具有较好的吸附性能,可将其制作成固相萃取柱,实现纳米材料与样品前处理技术的有机结合,优化样品前处理技术。