化学剂防碳酸钙垢的机理研究进展

介绍了近几年来从宏观和微观上对防碳酸钙垢的机理的研究.宏观上,防垢剂可以使热力学上不稳定的文石和六方方解石在动力学上稳定存在,并且随着防垢效果的提高,这些晶形在生成的碳酸钙垢中的含量越来越大.上述碳酸钙晶形的变化,归因于防垢剂对不同结晶过程的阻止能力.微观上,通过计算机模拟技术和先进的实验手段,揭示了防垢剂在晶体活性点上的吸附,该吸附对碳酸钙的生长和溶解均有阻止作用.同时指出,除涉及固液界面上防垢剂和碳酸钙的作用外,防垢剂对碳酸钙生长的控制还与防垢剂和溶液中成垢离子的作用有关,对此国内外论及极少.     

光质对怀山药微型块茎诱导形成的影响

在不加活性碳的情况下,无论是固体培养或是液体培养在各光质下均不利于微型块茎的诱导.而在加入活性碳的固体培养基上,各光质均有利于微型块茎的诱导;尤以红光和白光下最好,诱导率达到100%,微型块茎的体积和可溶性糖含量也达到了最大.     

甜玉米籽粒发育糖分积累差异的研究

试验研究了不同类型甜玉米籽粒发育过程中糖分积累的差异 .结果表明 :在各采收期总糖含量以超甜玉米最高 ,加强甜次之 ,普通甜玉米最低 ;随发育进程的不同 ,普通甜玉米、超甜玉米和加强甜玉米的还原糖含量、蔗糖含量、水溶性多糖 (WSP)含量以及水分含量的变化趋势基本相同 ,可溶性糖含量与蔗糖含量相一致 .依籽粒水分含量和糖分积累规律确定的适宜采收期 ,普通甜玉米以授粉后 18～ 2 1天为好 ,加强甜玉米相对延长 ,超甜玉米则宜适当推迟 .     

Inhibiting Effects of S.acus Linnaeus Extracts on GLT-82 Tumor Cell Lines

Hailong S.acus Linnaeus was chosen as the experimental material in the experiments and changes of cell morphology, forming rate of clone and changes of division index were conducted to identify the inhibiting effects of Hailong extract on human tumor cell lines (GLT-82). Four days after medication, most of the cells changed their normal morphology of tumor cells and became round, broken and even broke into pieces. The inhibiting rates could reach 75.1% on the fourth day. The division index reduced strongly and the clone could not form or the forming rate was very low. With the extract concentration increasing and the time prolonging, the inhibiting effect increased. These results indicate that Hailong has striking anti-tumor effects and will have a perfect future in the fields of treatment and prevention of cancer.     

Gastrointestinal transit and digestibility of maltitol,sucrose and sorbitol in rats: A multicompartmental model and recovery study

Using data obtained with a dye marker and the gavage technique, the kinetics of gastrointestinal transit of different loads of sugar substitutes (maltitol, sorbitol) and sugar (sucrose) in the rat were analysed using a linear multicompartmental model over a range from the realistic to the non-physiologic high, of carbohydrate intake levels and using only a few experimental time points. The model gave detailed insight into intestinal propulsion and gastrocecal transit time. Rate constants of transport between the compartments investigated were determined; they showed characteristics which could be related to the substance and the dosage administered. Analyses of the gastrointestinal content and calculations of the intestinal net water movement showed that the digestibility and absorption of the disaccharide sugar alcohol, maltitol, in the small gut depended inversely on the dose ingested. For all substances tested, caloric availability in the small intestine was calculated. At a physiological low level of maltitol intake, the results also indicated an insignificant calorie-saving effect in comparison to sucrose, an effect based mainly on the slow absorption rate of the maltitol cleavage product sorbitol.     

甘蔗愈伤组织耐盐性研究:耐盐愈伤组织的筛选及脯氨酸、还原糖含量变化

在附加不同浓度NaCl及2.4-D 2mg/L的MS培养基上,甘蔗愈伤组织表现出不同的生长效应。培养基中NaCl浓度低时(1%以下),甘蔗愈伤组织表现为适应性生长;而在高NaCl浓度时(2%以上),愈伤组织生长表现出盐害特征。脯氨酸、还原糖测定结果显示,在盐适应情况下,甘蔗愈伤组织中的脯氨酸含量较高,还原糖含量较低;在盐害情况下则相反。     

蔗糖脱水实验微型化探究

蔗糖脱水实验是一个典型的化学演示实验,但往往产生较多的有毒气体,既有损于身体健康,又污染环境。文章采用正交试验法对蔗糖脱水实验进行微型化探究,既可将污染降至最低程度,又有明显的实验现象。     

额济纳旗胡杨幼叶糖类物质变化

以额济纳国家级胡杨林自然保护区中两种不同样地中的胡杨幼叶为材料,进行可溶性糖和淀粉含量的变化研究,并对胡杨叶的形态结构的生长发育状况进行观测。实验结果表明:胡杨叶形态结构表现为随时间变化,叶的长、宽逐日增大,胡杨叶中可溶性糖的含量随时间变化而明显增大;淀粉含量则随时间变化呈略微增大趋势.在土壤含水量较低的样地,胡杨叶中可溶性糖含量较大,这是对干旱胁迫的一种适应.