Theoretical construction in physics – The role of Leibniz for Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’

This paper aims at closing a gap in recent Weyl research by investigating the role played by Leibniz for the development and consolidation of Weyl's notion of theoretical (symbolic) construction. For Weyl, just as for Leibniz, mathematics was not simply an accompanying tool when doing physics—for him it meant the ability to engage in well-guided speculations about a general framework of reality and experience. The paper first introduces some of the background of Weyl's notion of theoretical construction and then discusses particular Leibnizian inheritances in Weyl's ‘Philosophie der Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft’, such as the general appreciation of the principles of sufficient reason and of continuity. Afterwards the paper focuses on three themes: first, Leibniz's primary quality phenomenalism, which according to Weyl marked the decisive step in realizing that physical qualities are never apprehended directly; second, the conceptual relation between continuity and freedom; and third, Leibniz's notion of ‘expression’, which allows for a certain type of (surrogative) reasoning by structural analogy and which gave rise to Weyl's optimism regarding the scope of theoretical construction.     

基于篇章结构相似度的复制检测算法

学术论文的复制检测研究对于知识产权保护和抑制抄袭侵权等行为有重要意义.国内外主要用数字指纹及关键词匹配等技术进行论文的复制检测.为解决目前中文复制检测难题,给出了一种基于篇章结构相似度的中文学术论文复制检测算法及其问题的数学模型.在分析论文篇章结构的基础上,利用数字指纹和词频统计等技术,经编程实现,用于论文的全抄、部分抄袭和拼抄等抄袭现象的初步检测.与基于全文数字指纹和基于全文词频统计的检测方法相比较,更适用于要求较准确的论文复制检测.     

局域波法和高阶统计量在压缩机气阀状态监测中应用

为解决传统信号处理方法分析非平稳时变信号的不足,提出了一种适用于往复式压缩机气阀状态特征提取的新方法.首先使用局域波法将实测信号分解为多个基本模式分量,经过希尔伯特变换得到各分量的时频谱;然后计算归一化后幅值信号的高阶统计量,这些统计量很好地反映了气阀的劣化过程.通过对现场工作的聚乙烯二次压缩机组合阀振动信号的分析,验证了该方法在往复压缩机状态监测中的有效性和实用性.     

几个张量积可交换的条件

利用张量积的定义和性质，给出了几个张量积可以交换的充分条件和充要条件．     

1999～2009年我国关于“情绪智力”选题的研究状况及分析——基于CNKI硕士、博士学位论文的统计

采用内容分析法,对1999~2009年间CNK I上关于＂智力＂选题的384篇硕士、博士学位论文进行分析的基础上,就其中有关情绪智力这一选题的57篇论文进行了深入分析。     

Retail default prediction by using sequential minimal optimization technique

This paper employed sequential minimal optimization (SMO) to develop default prediction model in the US retail market. Principal components analysis is used for variable reduction purposes. Four standard credit scoring techniques—naïve Bayes, logistic regression, recursive partitioning and artificial neural network—are compared to SMO, using a sample of 195 healthy firms and 51 distressed firms over five time periods between 1994 and 2002. The five techniques perform well in predicting default particularly one year before financial distress. Furthermore, the prediction still remains sound even 5 years before default. No single methodology has the absolute best classification ability, as the model performance varies in terms of different time periods and variable groups. External influences have greater impacts on the naïve Bayes than other techniques. In terms of similarity with Moody's ranking, SMO excelled over other techniques in most of the time periods. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Maxwell's color statistics: From reduction of visible errors to reduction to invisible molecules

This paper presents a cross-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary account of Maxwell's introduction of statistical models of molecules for the composition of gases. The account focuses on Maxwell's deployment of statistical models of data in his contemporaneous color researches as established in Cambridge mathematical physics, especially by Maxwell's seniors and mentors. The paper also argues that the cross-disciplinary, or cross-domain, transfer of resources from the natural and social sciences took place in both directions and relied on the complex intra-disciplinary, or intra-domain, dynamics of Maxwell's researches in natural sciences, in color theory, physical astronomy, electromagnetism and dynamical theory of gases, as well as involving a variety of types of communicating and mediating media, from material objects to concepts, techniques and institutions.     

Glodstein条件下的一种修正CD共轭梯度法

提出了一种新的在Glodstein线搜索准则下的修正Conjugate Descent方法,该修正方法不需要其他要求即可满足充分下降条件,同时,证明了该方法在某些弱条件下的收敛性.     

列联表检验在疾病成因中的应用

在医学中,对某些疾病成因的探究越来越重要,鉴于其样本是离散多元的,列联表在医学,生物学中应用更加广泛。疾病及其成因的研究属于对分类变量进行的分析研究,利用列联表统计样本频数,利用假设检验中的卡方检验并参照临界值表,由此能判断分类变量之间是相关还是相互独立。利用交叉列联表探究现象与其因素的相关关系,而SPSS中的三种检验方法,即χ2检验、ψ系数、列联系数,充分的分析研究了统计量的相关关系,这对于疾病的预防及治疗有很大的帮助。     

基于时间序列的灰色预测技术在估产模型中的应用

在建立估产模型过程中，引进基于时间序列的灰色预测技术，通过对样本点建立基于时间序列的灰色预测模型和常规的多元线性回归气象模型的分析比较，试图找到一种计算简单，数据要求少而精度较高，时效性较好的建模方法，为时间序列预测在农作物估产方面的应用作出一点探索。