基于单元重用机制的轻量化建模算法

给出了一种在三维模型中发现所有外形相同的模型单元并重用这些单元来构造轻量化模型的新方法。该方法不仅能有效地区别相同几何顶点而拓扑不同的模型单元,并且通过对模型单元进行对称不变性变换及其它优化处理,使相同单元的对齐效果和处理效率得到了进一步的提升。采用的体素化匹配方法对于PCA协方差矩阵退化情况具有鲁棒性,不需专门处理,并可以精确且高效地比较两单元。实验结果表明,该方法相比其他方法可以寻找出更多的可重用单元,速度上平均提升20倍左右,因此本方法在效果与效率上均好于已有的同类算法,并且很好的应用于模型轻量化。     

传递对准滤波中机翼变形噪声的在线补偿算法

针对机翼变形噪声对传递对准滤波的显著影响,通过特性分析将其处理为时变多阶有色观测噪声,提出了一种在线补偿算法。该算法以标准卡尔曼滤波方程为基础,推导了不扩维情况下补偿多阶有色观测噪声的滤波方程。算法依据滤波过程的序列量测数据,结合模型估计残差的F检验法,在线递推估计机翼变形噪声的自回归阶数、系数及白噪声,构建补偿方程的量测量、量测矩阵和量测噪声进行补偿滤波。通过将该算法应用于速度+姿态对准匹配方案,并与将机翼变形噪声等效为注入量测白噪声和扩充为系统状态的方法比较。仿真结果表明,该算法对时变机翼变形噪声影响下的新息适应性强,收敛稳定,估计精度高,适用于复杂空中环境下机载导弹快速精确传递对准。     

Novel approach to GPS/SINS integration for IMU alignment

Strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS) requires an initialization process that establishes the relationship between the body frame and the local geographic reference.This process,called alignment,is generally used to estimate the initial attitude angles.This is possible because an accurate determination of the inertial measurement unit(IMU) motion is available based on the measurement obtained from global position system(GPS).But the update frequency of GPS is much lower than SINS.Due to the non-synchronous data streams from GPS and SINS,the initial attitude angles may not be computed accurately enough.In addition,the estimated initial attitude angles may have relatively large uncertainties that can affect the accuracy of other navigation parameters.This paper presents an effective approach of matching the velocities which are provided by GPS and SINS.In this approach,a digital high-pass filter,which implements a pre-filtering scheme of the measured signal,is used to filter the Schuler cycle of discrete velocity difference between the SINS and GPS.Simulation results show that this approach improves the accuracy greatly and makes the convergence time satisfy the required accuracy.     

A DNA sequence alignment algorithm using quality information and a fuzzy inference method

DNA sequence alignment algorithms in computational molecular biology have been improved by diverse methods. In this paper, we propose a DNA sequence alignment that uses quality information and a fuzzy inference method developed based on characteristics of DNA fragments and a fuzzy logic system in order to improve conventional DNA sequence alignment methods that uses DNA sequence quality information. In conventional algorithms, DNA sequence alignment scores are calculated by the global sequence alignment algorithm proposed by Needleman-Wunsch, which is established by using quality information of each DNA fragment. However, there may be errors in the process of calculating DNA sequence alignment scores when the quality of DNA fragment tips is low, because only overall DNA sequence quality information are used. In our proposed method, an exact DNA sequence alignment can be achieved in spite of low quality of DNA fragment tips by improvement of conventional algorithms using quality information. Mapping score parameters used to calculate DNA sequence alignment scores are dynamically adjusted by the fuzzy logic system utilizing lengths of DNA fragments and frequencies of low quality DNA bases in the fragments. From the experiments by applying real genome data of National Center for Biotechnology Information, we could see that the proposed method is more efficient than conventional algorithms.     

DNA media storage

In 1994, University of Southern California computer scientist Dr. Leonard Adleman solved the Hamiltonian path problem using DNA as a computational mechanism. He proved the principle that DNA computing could be used to solve computationally complex problems. Because of the limitations in discovery time, resource requirements, and sequence mismatches, DNA computing has not yet become a commonly accepted practice. However, advancements are continually being discovered that are evolving the field of DNA computing. Practical applications of DNA are not restricted to computation alone. This research presents a novel approach in which DNA could be used as a means of storing files. Through the use of multiple sequence alignment combined with intelligent heuristics, the most probabilistic file contents can be determined with minimal errors.     

汽车四轮定位的作用及对行驶性能影响的分析

车轮定位的正确与否,将直接影响汽车的各种使用性能,因此,研究汽车在使用过程中车轮定位的作用、影响因素,提出正确定位参数显得尤为重要。本文介绍了四轮定位的内容和作用,认真分析了四轮定位对汽车运行的影响,提出了四轮定位参数的发展趋势。     

基于高速公路线形综合指标的安全评价模型

为全面地研究公路线形指标与道路安全的关系,以曲率、曲率变化率、曲线转角、纵坡度、车道宽度、车道数、左右路肩宽度等设计指标为依据在国内首次提出了公路线形综合指标的概念.在此基础上构建了公路线形综合指标评价模型,评价模型为公路线形的量化分析提供了理论评价方法.通过回归得到事故率与线形综合指标累计值的关系,回归结果证明公路线形综合指标可以作为公路线形质量评价和道路安全评价的评价指标,并且综合指标累计值与事故率具有较好的相关性,得到了事故率与综合指标累计值的关系模型.并根据算例制定了安全性评价标准.     

基于双显微视觉的光刻版位姿定位算法

光刻版工件移动位姿的精确定位及调整是完成其视觉对位的关键。本文针对光刻版工件跨尺度级高精度对位的难点,搭建了双显微视觉对位系统,通过双显微视觉的局部位姿检测,解决了工件尺寸与定位精度之间的矛盾。具体方法为：首先采用双显微视觉获取工件两端局部图像;接着提出改进Canny算法并基于多项式插值的边缘细分完成亚像素级边缘轮廓提取;然后基于RANSAC算法拟合边缘轮廓,获得左右相机图像中“Mark”标志中心点位置坐标及偏转角度;最后通过推导局部位姿间数学关系完成光刻版工件的精确位姿定位。实验结果表明：所设计的视觉算法对于0.5 mm平行线的距离检测精度达1.93 μm、角度提取精度达0.018°;对于光刻版的移动位姿的定位精度达0.64 μm,能满足视觉对位过程中高速高精度的定位需求。     

基于观测量扩展的捷联惯导动基座快速初始对准

动基座条件下捷联惯导系统由于动态环境的影响,即使采用辅助信息下的组合初始对准也需要较长时间。针对这一问题提出了一种基于观测量扩展的捷联惯导动基座快速初始对准方法。在不改变系统状态方程的情况下,利用车体坐标系横向和垂直方向上速度为零这一约束条件,将基于车体坐标系横向和垂直方向的速度作为扩展的观测量。推导了扩展后的观测方程。进而利用卡尔曼滤波完成捷联惯导动基座初始对准。进行了运动条件下的仿真。仿真结果表明新方法在保证对准精度的同时缩短了对准时间。该方法算法简单,不需要增加辅助信息,具有很好的工程应用价值。     

一种改进的对齐算法及其在面部特征定位中的应用

在主动形状模型基础上,借助于核的技巧,对其前期所需的广义对齐算法进行了研究改进,使之能够在后续的主分量分析中更迅速有效地捕捉不同的面部形状变化,进而达到快速定位面部关键特征点的目的.实验结果表明,改进的算法在主分量分析之后能够更好地表达不同脸形变化的模式,而且在定位面部关键特征点上精度更高,收敛速度也有明显改善.