强降雨激励下松散岩堆路堑边坡稳定性分析

岩堆是我国西南高山峡谷区常见的不良地质体,其存在对高速公路边坡稳定性提出了严峻挑战。文章依托国家高速公路网规划中南北纵线G85高速公路工程,运用数值模拟的方法研究了深厚岩堆拉锚抗滑桩路堑边坡在自然、强降雨和地震状态下的稳定性,对比分析了岩堆体在自然状态、地震状态与强降雨条件下岩堆体边坡变形破坏特征及锚索轴力变化规律。计算结果表明,开挖对岩堆体变形有较大影响,岩堆体自然状态和暴雨状态下,在无任何加固措施时整体稳定性相对较低;增加抗滑桩和锚索加固后,安全系数均有所提高,潜在滑动面整体向下移至抗滑桩下部,加固作用效果显著。研究成果为岩堆路堑边坡工程设计与施工提供了参考依据。     

降雨条件下急倾斜煤层开采的仿真分析

基于多孔介质流体力学、高等土力学等理论,考虑降雨对急倾斜煤层开采的影响,建立降雨条件下急倾斜煤层开采的流固耦合模型,采用FLAC3D有限差分软件进行数值模拟。通过数值模拟,对降雨条件下急倾斜煤层顶底板附近雨水渗流以及产生的围岩变形进行深入分析,得出不同开采时步下围岩的位移情况,通过与未降雨时围岩变形的对比,得出降雨入渗导致围岩变形加剧的结论。在此基础上,提出了降雨条件下近地表急倾斜煤层围岩在开采过程中的变形情况,为安全开采与防护提供了理论基础和定理依据。     

太原市月降水量时间序列分析

文章根据1995-2009年太原地区的月降水量数据,进行时间序列分析,建立了太原市月降水量时间序列模型,并预测了未来12个月的降水量情况,为准确预测太原市月度降水量数据提供了参考.     

泥石流灾害多元信息耦合预警系统建设及其应用

将Logistic回归模型和前期有效降雨量引入到地质灾害预警领域,结合泥石流灾害危险性评价,形成了一整套较完善的泥石流灾害多元信息耦合预警体系,并基于MAPGIS平台经二次开发建立了泥石流灾害预警系统。在综合分析雨量和地质环境因素的基础上,提出了危险等级自动划分方法,从而实现了对泥石流等降雨诱发型地质灾害的定量化时空自动预报。基于该系统,在辽宁省鞍山市开展了泥石流灾害预警预报工作。     

降雨入渗对裂隙性粘土边坡稳定性作用机理的分析

为进一步认识降雨入渗对裂隙性粘土边坡稳定性的作用机理,基于饱和-非饱和渗流理论,研究了降雨条件下不同裂隙深度、裂隙开口宽度、裂隙分布位置、降雨强度和降雨持时等对裂隙性粘土边坡渗流场的影响,并进行了相应的稳定性评价.研究结果表明:裂隙的存在改变坡体的入渗能力和入渗路径;裂隙开裂越深,饱和区域越大,边坡稳定性越低;裂隙开口宽度的大小对稳定性的影响不大;裂隙分布在坡顶时易发生浅层破坏,稳定性较低,降雨容易导致浅层破坏,且对裂隙分布坡底边坡稳定性影响大;降雨强度主要影响裂隙层达到饱和的快慢,对于边坡的长期稳定性的影响则可以忽略;裂隙粘土边坡稳定性随降雨持续时间的增加而减小,当裂隙层达到饱和后,其安全系数基本不变.     

降雨条件下边坡各向异性渗流及稳定性的模拟分析

基于饱和-非饱和渗流理论,针对不同的渗透系数异向性比值,以及不同的渗透系数张量主轴方向与水平方向夹角,对降雨条件下边坡地下水渗流场动态变化进行了数值模拟,分析了降雨过程中边坡孔隙水压力分布规律,得到了边坡安全系数随降雨持续时间的变化规律.数值模拟结果表明,土体各向异性渗流对降雨条件下边坡渗流场及安全系数有着显著的影响.     

Numerical simulation of topography effects on the "00.7" severe rainfall in Beijing

In an effort to study the severe rainfall event of 4-5th July 2000 in Beijing (with 24h accumulated precipitation of 240 mm), we perform numerical simulations to investigate this event using the MM5v3.6 model. The model is initialized with the MM5/WRF 3DVAR analysis, which incorporates the ground-based GPS precipitable water vapor, automatic and conventional meteorological observations in its assimilation step. For 24 h accumulated precipitation forecast, the threat scores are 0.72, 0.76, 0.67 and 0.63, for thresholds of 1, 5, 10, and 20 mm, respectively. Holding other factors unchanged, sensitivity experiments were conducted with different topographic resolutions of 110, 50 and 3.7 km to investigate the topographic effects on precipitation over the Beijing area. In these sensitivity experiments, we attempt to preserve the realistic orographic distribution in the model topography under the condition of keeping the dynamic-thermodynamic consistency of the initial model atmosphere to the extent possible. Results indicate that the unique topographic distribution and variations in the Beijing area play an important role in determining the location, distribution and intensity of heavy precipitation.     

Rainfall-interception effect of vegetation restored region of gully in arid-hot valley of Jinshajiang River

This paper divides the process of rainfall redistribution into four levels in vegetation restored region of gully in arid-hot valley of Jinshajiang River. These levels include arbor interception, litter interception, soil interception and surface runoff. The results showed that the maximum of interception was 8.10 mm, the mean interception was 4.53 mm, the maximum of interception rate was 56.10 % and the mean interception rate was 32.63 %.When the rainfall is over 20 mm, the interception rate descends rapidly along with the rainfall increasing. The maximum of water-holding content of litter was 8.14-20.33 t/hm^2, the mean of which is 12.52 t/hm^2 and the maximum of water-holding content was over two times of it own weight. The rainfall of litter interception was 150.24 mm, accounted for the rainfall income 24.48%.The maximum water-holding capacity of soil achieves 2 198.54 t/hm^2, but that of the barren land is 1 825.60 t/hm^2. The rainfall of soil interception was 219.87 mm, accounted for the rainfall income 35.82%. The surface runoff of vegetation restored region was 43.41 mm, accounted for 7.07% of the rainfall income, but the surface runoff of non-forest land was 413,24 mm, accounts for 70.26% of the rainfall income.The surface runoff of the planted forest community was by 63.19% lower than that of the non-forest land. Through the interception of the forest land that reduced the soil erosion effectively, good hydrology effect was obtained.     

差积三角形法在水文计算中的应用

差积三角形法计算流域平均两量是水文计算中的一种新的方法,尚未应用于生产实际。本文利用此法对辽宁省大洋河流域岫岩断面以上四个雨量站在1985年8月18~21日连续4天的实测降雨资料进行分析,计算其面平均雨量,并以此面平均雨量推求该次降雨的地表径流深,取得了令人满意的计算精度。     

膨胀土基坑边坡降雨入渗的一维数值模拟

应用非饱和膨胀土一维降雨入渗模型,模拟膨胀土边坡在降雨入渗条件下的水分运移规律,通过数值计算, 求得边坡在任意时刻任意位置的体积含水率;并分析了降雨强度、水分扩散率以及导水率变化对边坡水分运移的 影响.计算结果可以用矩阵的形式和三维空间曲面的形式表示出来,方便应用.