香菇菌汤煮制工艺优化及其非挥发性特征风味物质研究

通过单因素实验和正交试验以感官评定及固形物溶出率为评价指标对香菇菌汤煮制工艺进行优化,并采用高效液相色谱技术对煮制后香菇及汤液中非挥发性特征风味物质进行测定。结果表明,当煮制温度为120℃、煮制时间为45min、香菇质量浓度为0.050g/mL时,香菇菌汤感官评价及固形物溶出率较好。在煮制过程中,香菇中风味物质逐渐向汤液中转移,使得汤液中可溶性糖醇、有机酸、呈味核苷酸等非挥发性风味物质含量显著高于煮制后香菇中含量。除此之外,在煮制后汤液中,特征性风味氨基酸含量也显著高于煮制后香菇中含量。但是,与新鲜香菇相比风味氨基酸在煮制后汤液及香菇中绝大多数含量有所降低。     

面向产品投产比例的多Hoist调度研究

在电镀生产线上,多种不同类型的工件往往按照一定的比例关系组织生产,以应对多样化的订单需求,缩短订单交付周期,而为了克服由运输设备造成的生产瓶颈,加工设备之间的工件转运作业多采用数个自动化的Hoist(行车)来完成。针对面向产品投产比例的多Hoist调度问题,采用启发式策略实现多个不同类型工件在并行工作站上的分配,同时考虑工件加工时间窗口约束、工作站的使用能力约束以及Hoist无碰撞约束,构建了解决此类问题的混合整数规划模型。最后,以某印刷电路板制造企业的全板电镀生产实例验证了所建数学模型的实际应用价值。     

降低OFDM系统复杂度的改进SLM算法

为了降低正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中传统选择性映射(SLM)算法的计算复杂度,提高系统的频谱利用效率,提出了基于转换向量(conversion vectors)与随机筛选序列(random selection sequences)相结合的选择性映射(CR-SLM)算法.CR-SLM算法是将原始信号序列等分,然后对于数据序列的前半部分与转换向量相乘进行循环卷积,对于数据序列后半部分进行随机序列筛选,筛选出最优序列.最后将两部分输出序列合并生成候选序列,筛选出最优序列进行传输.仿真结果表明:CR-SLM算法在保持与传统SLM 算法PAPR性能相近的情况下,较大幅度降低了计算复杂度.     

永磁同步电机直接转矩控制新型占空比调制策略

针对传统永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统转矩脉动和磁链脉动较大,现有占空比调制策略计算复杂等问题,提出一种新型占空比调制策略.该调制策略利用定子磁链和扇区电压矢量的作用角区分转矩脉动和磁链脉动在控制系统中的权重系数,并设计新型开关表,保证在任一控制周期中最佳电压矢量的选择.在保证系统计算量较低的前提下,利用权重系数和最佳电压矢量推导最优占空比计算公式.仿真和实验结果证明,所提出的新型占空比调制策略可以大幅度抑制转矩脉动和磁链脉动,获得较好的稳态运行性能,并保持系统快速动态响应性能.     

投资者中签率对股票上市表现的预测分析

本文基于国内A股市场新股发行时投资者网上中签率和网下配售比率，探讨其信息含量及其对股票上市后市场表现的预测能力. 研究发现，投资者网上中签率和网下配售比率均与股票上市首日收益率、换手率和持有3个月收益显著负相关，但网下配售比率与股票上市首日、持有3个月收益的相关性更强，而投资者网上中签率与上市首日的换手率更紧密.相对于主板上市股票，投资者的网上中签率和网下配售比率对中小企业板和创业板股票上市首日收益和持有3个月收益有更好的解释能力. 研究结果对新股发行定价和投资者在二级市场的买卖决策具有参考价值.     

基于路用性能的石灰-钢渣稳定土试验分析

基于路用性能设计正交试验,研究了影响石灰-钢渣稳定土抗压强度的4种因素.结果表明,对于石灰-钢渣稳定土初期抗压强度,石灰含量影响最大,钢渣影响较小;但对于其后期抗压强度,钢渣掺量的影响明显增强,且钢渣粒径大小对后期强度增长速率的影响较大.试验结果对比发现,石灰-钢渣稳定土具有较高的无侧限抗压强度和加州承载比,满足《公路路基设计规范》(JTG D30-2015)和《公路路面基层施工技术细则》(JTG/T F20-2015)的要求,表明可以使用钢渣代替部分石灰或水泥应用于高速公路路床填料.     

人口年龄结构对中国城乡居民消费率及消费差距的影响——基于省级面板数据的实证分析

在对中国人口年龄结构、消费率与城乡消费差距现状分析的基础上,基于2000-2014年中国省级面板数据,综合时空尺度,建立动态面板及空间面板数据模型,探究人口年龄结构对城镇消费率、农村消费率及城乡消费差距的影响.结果显示,少儿抚养比与老年抚养比对城镇居民消费率均具有正向影响,而对农村地区居民消费率则分别产生负效应和正效应;城乡少儿抚养系数比、城乡老年抚养系数比对城乡消费差距均具有正效应,且城乡居民消费差距存在空间集聚格局,呈现正的空间依赖性;"全面两孩"生育政策将改善人口年龄结构,从而有利于缩小城乡消费差距.     

The green June beetle (Cotinis nitida) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): local variation in the beetle’s major avian predators and in the competition for mates

The green June beetle (Cotinis nitida) was observed in northern Virginia for a second and third flight season. The study yielded some results that were consistent with earlier findings, namely that mate-locating beetles were vulnerable to attack by avian predators and matings occurred primarily early in the flight season. Novel findings included the following: (1) blue jays (Cyanocitta cristata) were the major predators, not common grackles (Quiscalus quiscala), (2) some jays appeared to selectively prey on female beetles, (3) competition for mates among male beetles could be so intense that some males attempted to copulate with already mated (unreceptive) females, and (4) the sex ratio of the beetle population feeding on wild blackberries remained near equality late in the flight season despite the fact that the sex ratio of the population of beetles at the emergence site became highly female-biased over time.     

Population biology of Sphaeroma serratum Fabricius (Isopoda,Flabellifera) at the Port of Mar del Plata,Argentina

Variations in size distribution, sex ratio, fecundity and morph frequencies in a population of Sphaeroma serratum were studied year-round. Changes in size distribution are most marked during the breeding season. Growth is arrested during the winter months. Young are produced throughout the summer; these overwinter, reproduce and then die. Differences in size of mature males suggest an effect of the timing of birth on life-span. Females are able to produce two broods. Offspring number is positively correlated with female size. Brood pouch mortality is estimated at 39%. Marked changes in sex ratio within the breeding season are thought to be artifacts due to sexual differences in behaviour. Comparison of reproductive traits of this, and other, populations shows a latitudinal pattern related to the duration of the warm season. Analysis of morph frequencies revealed similarities with European populations so far studied.     

数码卷绕的概念和技术

数码卷绕是在精密卷绕的基础上，引入导丝机构的数字控制方式，得到张力更稳定、纱管成形更完善的最新卷绕技术。文章介绍了高速精密数码卷绕技术的概念、实现原理和应用现状。