石墨相氮化碳基光催化剂研究进展

石墨相氮化碳是一种新型的非金属碳氮聚合物,具有优异的光催化性能。本文总结了近年来氮化碳光催化剂的设计与合成,对如何提高其光催化性能的相关工作进行了归纳总结,包括掺杂非金属元素和贵价金属、构建异质结、染料敏化、形貌调控等,并对石墨相氮化碳基光催化剂的后续应用和未来发展进行了展望。     

苯酚溶液电解降解的过程分析及中间体的研究

电解降解有机污染物的方法由于其特殊的优点,已被广泛应用于包括含酚废水在内的废水处理中,以苯酚水溶液作为研究对象,以Ｔｉ／ＳｎＯ２＋Ｓｂ２Ｏ电极为阳极,对苯酚水溶液进行电解降解处理,对反应过程进行跟踪,并利用ＨＰ８４５３ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ分光光度计和ＨＰ１１００液相色谱仪对不同反应时间的样品进行分析,作出了苯酚电解降解过程中不同反应时间的吸附曲线,获得了苯酚解的动力学方程,并对反应的机理及中间体进行了研究     

底部框架-抗震墙砌体结构抗震设计综述

针对底部框架-抗震墙砌体房屋,主要结合新版抗震规范与相关的研究成果,分别从下部结构、过渡层、上部结构等各个方面对其抗震概念设计、构造设计及计算方法进行了全面综述,总结在抗震设计中遇到的各种问题并提出相应的解决方案。     

氟醚与丁腈橡胶在航空液压油中的老化行为对比研究

 以氟醚 FM-1D橡胶为研究对象,在高温的 15号航空液压油中进行了老化,对老化后的拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、压缩永久变形、质量变化、体积变化、表面及断口形貌等进行了研究,并与丁腈橡胶进行了对比。结果表明,氟醚橡胶具有优异的耐热空气及耐介质老化性能,其拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、压缩永久变形在170℃以下的液压油介质中长期老化后保持稳定,耐热性能基本保持不变,氟醚橡胶在液压油中的质量和体积变化随温度升高而增加,随时间的延长保持稳定,在质量、体积变化及稳定性方面优于丁腈橡胶胶料。另外,长时间老化过程中其压缩永久变形退化规律基本符合指数的衰减规律,但拉伸性能的退化规律则明显不符合指数的衰减规律,拉伸性能老化速度常数随温度的变化不适合采用常用的Arrhenius方程（P=Ae^-Kt）来进行寿命预测。     

Starch-binding domains in the post-genome era

Starch belongs to the most abundant biopolymers on Earth. As a source of energy, starch is degraded by a large number of various amylolytic enzymes. However, only about 10% of them are capable of binding and degrading raw starch. These enzymes usually possess a distinct sequence-structural module, the so-called starchbinding domain (SBD). In general, all carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) have been classified into the CBM families. In this sequence-based classification the individual types of SBDs have been placed into seven CBM families: CBM20, CBM21, CBM25, CBM26, CBM34, CBM41 and CBM45. The family CBM20, known also as a classical C-terminal SBD of microbial amylases, is the most thoroughly studied. The three-dimensional structures have already been determined by X-ray crystallography or nuclear magnetic resonance for SBDs from five CBM families (20, 25, 26, 34 and 41), and the structure of the CBM21 has been modelled. Despite differences among the amino acid sequences, the fold of a distorted β-barrel seems to be conserved together with a similar way of substrate binding (mainly stacking interactions between aromatic residues and glucose rings). SBDs have recently been discovered in many non-amylolytic proteins. These may, for example, have regulatory functions in starch metabolism in plants or glycogen metabolism in mammals. SBDs have also found practical uses. Received 25 May 2006; received after revision 26 June 2006; accepted 3 August 2006     

The utility F-box for protein destruction

A signature feature of all living organisms is their utilization of proteins to construct molecular machineries that undertake the complex network of cellular activities. The abundance of a protein element is temporally and spatially regulated in two opposing aspects: de novo synthesis to manufacture the required amount of the protein, and destruction of the protein when it is in excess or no longer needed. One major route of protein destruction is coordinated by a set of conserved molecules, the F-box proteins, which promote ubiquitination in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Here we discuss the functions of F-box proteins in several cellular scenarios including cell cycle progression, synapse formation, plant hormone responses, and the circadian clock. We particularly emphasize the mechanisms whereby F-box proteins recruit specific substrates and regulate their abundance in the context of SCF E3 ligases. For some exceptions, we also review how F-box proteins function through non-SCF mechanisms.     

高炉碱金属富集区域钾、钠加剧焦炭劣化新认识及其量化控制模型

碱金属对高炉内焦炭的破坏大多通过研究碱金属碳酸盐对焦炭气化反应的影响,从而得出钾、钠破坏性相近,在控制碱金属入炉时也基本不对二者进行区分;但高炉调研表明在碱金属富集明显加剧的区域碱金属碳酸盐已分解且焦炭中钾含量均大于钠.本文通过热力学计算得知在碱富集区域碱金属主要以单质蒸气而非碳酸盐或氧化物形式存在,据此设计了模拟此区域有无CO2时钾、钠单质蒸气在焦炭上的自主吸附和破坏实验,结合原子吸收光谱法、X射线衍射法和扫描电镜-能谱分析发现钾蒸气和焦炭中灰分大量结合形成钾霞石后体积膨胀、裂纹扩展导致碱金属富集区域钾在焦炭上的吸附和破坏能力均远大于钠,因此建议尽量采用低灰分焦炭并严格控制入炉钾负荷.进一步研究体系中不同钾蒸气含量对气化反应的影响规律,得出当钾蒸气与焦炭的气固质量比率超过3%后焦炭反应性陡升.依据碱金属富集区域钾、钠在焦炭上的不同吸附和破坏性,建立了钾、钠各自入炉上限及总量上限的量化控制模型.     

Preparation, characterization and photodegradation of methylene blue based on TiO2 microparticles modified with thiophene substituents

The new microparticles,2-formylthiophene(FT)/TiO2 and(E)-1,2-bis(5-formyl-2-thienyl) ethylene(EBFTE)/TiO2 were synthesized with a silane coupling agent.The prepared TiO2 composites were characterized using Ultraviolet-Vis absorption(UV-Vis),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM) and thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA).Methylene blue was used as a model material to examine the photocatalytic activities of the prepared catalysts under both Ultraviolet-Vis(UV) and visible(Vis) light.The enhanced photocatalytic activities were observed in the presence of(FT)/TiO2 and EBFTE/TiO2 under Vis light.It suggests that FT or EBFTE plays a block or active role in the photodegradation mechanisms under UV and Vis light irradiation,respectively.     

Thermal degradation of BaAl2Si2O8：Eu2＋ phosphor excited by near ultraviolet light

Eu2+ doped BaAl2Si2O8 phosphor was synthesized by one-step calcination of precursors that were prepared by chemical co-precipitation.The thermal degradation properties of BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+ were investigated by photoluminescence,lifetime and chromaticity coordinate measurements.BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+ is efficiently excited by incident light of 250-400 nm,which matches the emission of near ultraviolet LED chips well.BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+ exhibits broad blue emission at 470 nm because of the 4f65d1-4f7(8S7/2) transition of Eu2+ ions,and the emission band shows an unusual blue shift with bandwidth broadening and emission intensity decreasing as the annealing temperature is increased.The luminescence decay and CIE chromaticity coordinates of BaAl2Si2O8:Eu2+ were determined to investigate its application in white LEDs.     

分子印迹壳聚糖/TiO2光助催化剂选择性降解孔雀石绿

以钛酸丁酯、壳聚糖为原料,孔雀石绿为模板分子,用溶胶-凝胶法制备了孔雀石绿分子印迹的壳聚糖/纳米TiO2催化剂( MA-CHS/TiO2),在紫外灯照射下催化降解孔雀石绿等底物,考察了印迹型催化剂对孔雀石绿等底物的光催化降解性能,并与相关非印迹型体系作比较,利用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)方法对其结构进行了表征.结果表明,印迹型催化剂具有明显的选择催化效应,在降解目标分子底物时,表现出比非印迹型更高的催化活性,其光催化降解速率常数可比非印迹型增加约69％;而在降解非目标分子底物时,印迹型催化剂不具选择催化效应,其催化活性与非印迹型相似.