人脂肪组织来源干细胞生物学特性研究

为进一步研究脂肪组织来源的干细胞增殖和多向分化潜能,用改进的方法分离脂肪组织来源的干细胞,通过cck-8检测细胞的增殖能力、流式细胞仪检测干细胞相关表面标记的表达、RT-PCR对干细胞相关基因的表达进行分析;并对分离得到的细胞向脂肪、软骨、骨及心肌细胞诱导,观察其多向分化能力.结果显示:采用改进的方法,从400～600 mg脂肪组织可收获约5×105个脂肪组织来源的干细胞,并且细胞可以重叠生长1个月以上,期间细胞表现出几个对数增殖期;所有增殖的细胞其干细胞相关表面标记都呈阳性表达;转录因子Nanog、Oct-4、Sox-2和Rex-1也呈强阳性表达;ADSCs向脂肪、骨、软骨和心肌细胞诱导分化后能够分别表达脂滴、碱性磷酸酶和矿化结节、富含黏多糖的软骨细胞外基质,以及少量心肌特异性连接蛋白Connexin-43,表明ADSCs具有向多个胚层细胞分化的能力.此外,为获得更多具有强增殖能力的细胞,根据生长曲线,对细胞进行每14 d传代而非传统的5 d传代,发现所得到的细胞仍保持强的增殖能力、干细胞表型以及更强的多向分化潜能.     

空天飞行器跨大气层再入建模及姿态控制

为满足空天飞行器ASV(aerospace vehicle)再入轨迹优化、姿态控制等问题的需要,研究了ASV再入跨大气层飞行时的数学模型。所建数学模型所涉及的气动力和力矩系数是迎角、马赫数及控制舵面偏角的函数;反作用控制系统RCS(reaction contrlsystem)推进器属于开关型的,控制量可近似为常值开关型的量。考虑ASV在空气稀薄、气动舵面低效或失效且推力系统关机不能提供推力矢量的情况,设计了ASV飞行姿态控制系统,并通过仿真验证了所设计的控制系统在一定条件下的合理性和有效性。     

Wnt signaling: multiple functions in neural development

Wnt signaling has proven to be essential for neural development at various stages and across species. Wnts are involved in morphogenesis and patterning, and their proliferation-promoting role is a key function in stem cell maintenance and the expansion of progenitor pools. Moreover, Wnt signaling is involved in differentiation processes and lineage decision events during both central and peripheral nervous system development. Additionally, several reports point to a role of Wnt signaling in axon guidance and neurite outgrowth. This article reviews and consolidates the existing evidence for the functions of Wnt signaling in neural development.Received 10 December 2004; received after revision 19 January 2005; accepted 21 January 2005     

广义Browder-Hartman-Stanpacchia型似-变分不等式

主要证明了对沿线节上、下半连续的集值η-拟单调算子的Browder-Hartman-Stampacchia型似－变分不等式解的存在性定理。这些定理分别从几方面改进和推广了Bae-Kim-Tan和Shin-Tan等人的结果。     

A microenvironment,rather than chemical,initiates the cardiomyogenic differentiation of marrow stromal cells

To investigate the potential of cardiomyogenic differentiation of rat hone marrow stromal cells (MSCs), they were exposed to 5-azacytidine treatments (single/repeat) at varying concentrations (3, 5, 10μmol/L) and the fates of the cells were analyzed by immunocytochemistry, Western blot and the reporter gene of enhanced cyan fluorescent protein (ECFP) under the control of ventricular myosin light chain 2 (MLC2v) promoter. MSCs were also cocultured with cardiomyocytes for periods up to 16 days, and the expression of cardiac myosin heavy chain(MHC) and troponin Ⅰ (Tn I) proteins was analyzed. After the induction with 5-azacytidine, neither spontaneously beating ceils nor myotubes were found; MHC and Tn I proteins were also undetectable and no ECFP-positive MSCs were detected. But when cocultured with cardiomyocytes, spontaneously contracting MSCs were observed and cardiac specific proteins could be detected. The results proved that the novel effects of 5-azacytldine on the cardiomyogenic differentiation of MSCs should be questioned and a direct intercellular communication with cardiomyocytes is necessary for MSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocytes.     

BrdU标记骨髓间充质干细胞的研究

目的:探讨5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷(5-Bromo-21-deoxyuridine,BrdU)标记骨髓间充质干细胞(Mesenchymal stem cells.MSCs)的可行性.方法:分离培养骨髓MSCs,经BrdU标记不同时间,免疫细胞化学鉴定.结果:MSCs的CD44、CD54免疫细胞化学染色阳性率达90%以上.BrdU标记的阳性细胞率随标记时间延长而逐渐增高,标记72h阳性率达85%以上.结论:以10μmol/L的BrdU标记骨髓MSCs的最佳时间是72h.     

干细胞研究进展

由于干细胞具有自我更新和多向分化潜能的功能,使得人们用干细胞治疗多种疾病成为可能.就干细胞的研究概况、研究技术、干细胞技术的市场前景以及干细胞研究面临的问题等作一概述.     

华中五味子根、茎次生木质部的比较解剖

对华中五味子根、茎次生木质部的观察表明,其根、茎次生木质部的解剖特征基本相同:散孔材;导管分子相对较长,其末端略倾斜,单穿孔;侧壁纹孔类型为梯状具缘纹孔和单纹孔,梯状、对列或互列;仅具纤维管胞,无韧型纤维;木薄壁组织离管型和傍管型;木射线均存在异形Ⅱ型.华中五味子次生木质部既表现出明显的原始特征,如散孔材,导管分子相对较长,单孔率高,梯状具缘纹孔,仅具纤维管胞,无韧型纤维,木射线为异形Ⅱ型;同时又表现出一些较为进化的特征,如导管分子以单穿孔为主,端壁倾斜度较小,单纹孔,木薄壁组织傍管型,说明五味子科是最原始类群中进化程度较高的类群.与根相比,华中五味子茎的次生木质部导管短宽,导管分布频率大,单孔率高,纤维短而窄,射线短而窄.茎次生木质部的这种“小型化”与其特定的功能和生境相适应.     

利用内源性干细胞原位再生晶状体治疗婴幼儿白内障

 利用内源性干细胞进行组织器官的修复和再生是再生医学研究的最终目标。婴幼儿白内障是幼儿致盲性眼病的首要病因,目前尚无有效治疗手段。本研究组从哺乳动物内成功分离并获得了晶状体上皮干细胞,证明Pax6和Bmi1是维持其分化和自我更新的关键因子,并以保留内源性干细胞为目标,设计了全新的白内障术式。相较于传统术式,新术式最大程度地保留了内源性干细胞、基底膜和微环境,在新西兰兔、食蟹猴和先天性白内障患儿内实现了功能性晶状体的再生。研究结果为白内障提供了全新的治疗策略并为组织再生及内源性干细胞的应用提供了全新的范例。