不锈钢酸洗污泥-黏土基陶粒的制备及性能研究

利用热力学软件FactSage中Equilib模块计算不锈钢酸洗污泥掺量的增加对制备陶粒结晶相的影响,得到合适的污泥烧制陶粒的掺量配比,即m(污泥)∶m(黏土)=20∶80;通过陶粒烧制试验,对该配比烧制的陶粒颗粒进行密度与抗压性能测试,得1100℃时烧制陶粒颗粒膨胀性较好,颗粒内部孔洞较为均匀,抗压强度平均为810N;陶粒对重金属Cr、Ni浸出结果显示,浸出液中Cr、Ni元素远小于国标中的限定量,表明陶粒对这两种元素的固化效果较好。     

钢桥面疲劳细节的车辆动力冲击响应研究

选取佛陈新桥(三跨变截面连续钢箱梁桥)为研究对象,以35t标定三轴车进行跑车试验,结合有限元计算,对正交异性钢桥面疲劳细节的车桥动力性能展开研究.首先,将试验结果进行滤波处理,过滤掉噪声信号;然后,采用雨流法提取各个测点的应变幅值和循环次数;最后,按不同的疲劳细节计算出相应的冲击系数,并进行分析.研究发现:徐行与常速工况下,钢桥面均出现明显的车桥耦合现象.由于各疲劳细节处的局部刚度与构造的差异,各疲劳细节测点车桥动力冲击响应各不相同.其中,面板、U肋与隔板测点的冲击系数分别为0.219,0.245和0.394,均大于我国《正交异性钢桥面系统设计与维护指南》和美国AASHTO规定的0.15.研究结果表明目前的设计规范低估了车辆对钢桥面的动力冲击响应.     

带约束拉杆双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙抗震性能数值模拟及参数分析

为了研究带约束拉杆的双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙的抗震性能,进行了16个该形式组合剪力墙的反复加载试验,并采用OpenSees程序对带约束拉杆的双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙试件进行数值模拟.在试验及数值模拟的基础上,对影响该形式组合剪力墙抗震性能的主要参数进行分析.结果表明,高宽比、轴压比以及约束拉杆间距对剪力墙的抗震性能影响显著.随着高宽比的增大,组合剪力墙的初始刚度以及屈服荷载和峰值荷载减小显著,其后期刚度退化和耗能能力降低;轴压比对组合剪力墙抗震性能的影响主要表现在后期刚度的退化程度;约束拉杆间距的减小可以提高组合剪力墙的承载力,减弱后期的刚度退化程度,增大其耗能能力.     

Kinetics and formation mechanisms of intragranular ferrite in V-N microalloyed 600 MPa high strength rebar steel

To systematically investigate the kinetics and formation mechanisms of intragranular ferrite (IGF), isothermal heat treatment in the temperature range of 450℃ to 600℃ with holding for 30 s to 300 s, analysis of the corresponding microstructures, and observation of the precipitated particles were conducted in V-N microalloyed 600 MPa high strength rebar steel. The potency of V(C,N) for IGF nucleation was also analyzed statistically. The results show that the dominant microstructure transforms from bainite (B) and acicular ferrite (AF) to grain boundary ferrite (GBF), intragranular polygonal ferrite (IPF), and pearlite (P) as the isothermal temperature increases from 450℃ to 600℃. When the holding time at 600℃ is extended from 30 s to 60 s, 120 s, and 300 s, the GBF content ranges from 6.0vol% to 6.5vol% and the IPF content increases from 0.5vol% to 2.8vol%, 13.1vol%, and 13.5vol%, respectively, because the ferrite transformation preferentially occurs at the grain boundaries and then occurs at the austenite grains. Notably, V(C,N) particles are the most effective nucleation site for the formation of IPF, accounting for 51% of the said formation.     

Effects of sphere size on the microstructure and mechanical properties of ductile iron–steel hollow sphere syntactic foams

The effects of sphere size on the microstructural and mechanical properties of ductile iron–steel hollow sphere (DI–SHS) syntactic foams were investigated in this study. The SHSs were manufactured by fluidized-bed coating via the Fe-based commercial powder–binder suspension onto expanded polystyrene spheres (EPSs). Afterwards, the DI–SHS syntactic foams were produced via a sand-mold casting process. The microstructures of specimens were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy- dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The microscopic evaluations of specimens reveal distinct regions composed of the DI matrix, SHS shells, and compatible interface. As a result, the microstructures and graphite morphologies of the DI matrix depend on sphere size. When the sphere size decreases, the area fractions of cementite and graphite phases are observed to increase and decrease, respectively. Compression tests were subsequently conducted at ambient temperature on the DI–SHS syntactic foams. The results reveal that the compression behavior of the syntactic foams is enhanced with increasing sphere size. Furthermore, the compressed specimens demonstrate that microcracks start and grow from the interface region.     

循环应力对高牌号无取向电工钢磁性能的影响

以30WGP1600无取向电工钢为研究对象,采用磁性测量仪检测循环拉应力对试验钢磁性能的影响规律,利用Bitter粉纹法、EBSD和TEM等分析手段,分别观察了不同循环应力下试样的磁畴、织构和位错结构的变化特征。结果表明,最大循环应力Smax小于材料的弹性极限强度(300 MPa)时,去除应力后试验钢的磁性能基本恢复;Smax≥300 MPa时,试验钢的磁畴结构和织构发生变化,磁性能开始恶化,其铁损P1.0/50、矫顽力和饱和磁致伸缩系数均随着Smax的增大而增加,而磁感应强度B50则随之降低,并且变化速率均越来越快。     

Nanoscale precipitates and comprehensive strengthening mechanism in AISI H13 steel

The effects of heat treatment on the precipitates and strengthening mechanism in AISI H13 steel were investigated. The results showed that the presence of nanoscale precipitates favorably affected grain refinement and improved the yield strength. The volume fraction of precipitates increased from 1.05% to 2.85% during tempering, whereas the average precipitate size first decreased then increased during tempering. Contributions to the yield strength arising from the various mechanisms were calculated quantificationally, and the results demonstrated that grain refinement and dislocation density most strongly influenced the yield strength. In addition, under the interaction of average size and volume fraction, precipitates’ contribution to the yield strength ranged from 247.9 to 378.5 MPa. Finally, a root-mean-square summation law of σ = σ_g + σ_s + (σ_d2 + σ_p2)1/2, where σ_g, σ_s, σ_d, and σ_p represent the contributions of fine-grain strengthening, solid-solution strengthening, dislocation strengthening, and precipitation strengthening, respectively, was confirmed as the most applicable for AISI H13 steel, which indicates a strong link between precipitates and dislocations in AISI H13 steel.     

Experimental and numerical study on plasma nitriding of AISI P20 mold steel

In this study, plasma nitriding was used to fabricate a hard protective layer on AISI P20 steel, at three process temperatures (450°C, 500°C, and 550°C) and over a range of time periods (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 h), and at a fixed gas N₂:H₂ ratio of 75vol%:25vol%. The morphology of samples was studied using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the formed phase of each sample was determined by X-ray diffraction. The elemental depth profile was measured by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, and glow dispersive spectroscopy. The hardness profile of the samples was identified, and the microhardness profile from the surface to the sample center was recorded. The results show that ε-nitride is the dominant species after carrying out plasma nitriding in all strategies and that the plasma nitriding process improves the hardness up to more than three times. It is found that as the time and temperature of the process increase, the hardness and hardness depth of the diffusion zone considerably increase. Furthermore, artificial neural networks were used to predict the effects of operational parameters on the mechanical properties of plastic mold steel. The plasma temperature, running time of imposition, and target distance to the sample surface were all used as network inputs; Vickers hardness measurements were given as the output of the model. The model accurately reproduced the experimental outcomes under different operational conditions; therefore, it can be used in the effective simulation of the plasma nitriding process in AISI P20 steel.     

Corrosion behavior of low alloy steels in a wet–dry acid humid environment

The corrosion behavior of corrosion resistant steel (CRS) in a simulated wet–dry acid humid environment was investigated and compared with carbon steel (CS) using corrosion loss, polarization curves, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA), N₂ adsorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the corrosion kinetics of both steels were closely related to the composition and compactness of the rust, and the electrochemical properties of rusted steel. Small amounts of Cu, Cr, and Ni in CRS increased the amount of amorphous phases and decreased the content of γ-FeOOH in the rust, resulting in higher compactness and electrochemical stability of the CRS rust. The elements Cu, Cr, and Ni were uniformly distributed in the CRS rust and formed CuFeO₂, Cu₂O, CrOOH, NiFe₂O₄, and Ni₂O₃, which enhanced the corrosion resistance of CRS in the wet–dry acid humid environment.     

Conductive and corrosion behaviors of silver-doped carbon-coated stainless steel as PEMFC bipolar plates

Ni–Cr enrichment on stainless steel SS316L resulting from chemical activation enabled the deposition of carbon by spraying a stable suspension of carbon nanoparticles; trace Ag was deposited in situ to prepare a thin continuous Ag-doped carbon film on a porous carbon-coated SS316L substrate. The corrosion resistance of this film in 0.5 mol·L-1 H₂SO₄ solution containing 5 ppm F- at 80℃ was investigated using polarization tests. The results showed that the surface treatment of the SS316L strongly affected the adhesion of the carbon coating to the stainless steel. Compared to the bare SS316L, the Ag-doped carbon-coated SS316L bipolar plate was remarkably more stable in both the anode and cathode environments of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and the interface contact resistance between the specimen and Toray 060 carbon paper was reduced from 333.0 mΩ·cm2 to 21.6 mΩ·cm2 at a compaction pressure of 1.2 MPa.