先进高强钢DP590焊缝的组织特征和力学性能改善

The effects of the welding current mode in resistance spot welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of advanced high-strength steel dual-phase 590 (DP590) sheets were investigated. Results showed that a rough martensitic structure was formed in the weld zone of the sample welded via the single-pulsed mode, whereas the microstructure in the heat-affected zone consisted of a very rough martensitic microstructure and rough ferrite. However, using the secondary pulse mode led to the formation of tempered martensite in the weld zone. The maximum load and the energy absorption to failure of the samples with the secondary pulsed cycle were higher than those of the samples with the single-pulsed mode. Tensile shear results indicated that the secondary pulsed mode could significantly change the mode of failure upon shear tension testing. Therefore, the obtained results suggest that the use of secondary pulsed mode can improve the microstructural feature and mechanical properties of advanced high-strength steel DP590 welds.     

原位纳米增强高强韧钢氢脆性能研究

We investigated the critical influence of in-situ nanoparticles on the mechanical properties and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of high-strength steel. The results reveal that the mechanical strength and elongation of quenched and tempered steel (919 MPa yield strength, 17.11% elongation) are greater than those of hot-rolled steel (690 MPa yield strength, 16.81% elongation) due to the strengthening effect of in-situ Ti₃O₅–Nb(C,N) nanoparticles. In addition, the HE susceptibility is substantially mitigated to 55.52%, approximately 30% lower than that of steels without in-situ nanoparticles (84.04%), which we attribute to the heterogeneous nucleation of the Ti₃O₅ nanoparticles increasing the density of the carbides. Compared with hard TiN inclusions, the spherical and soft Al₂O₃–MnS core–shell inclusions that nucleate on in-situ Al₂O₃ particles could also suppress HE. In-situ nanoparticles generated by the regional trace-element supply have strong potential for the development of high-strength and hydrogen-resistant steels.     

高低刃脚异形钢围堰水力作用数值研究

建造桥梁深水桥墩多采用围堰施工,作用于围堰的水荷载是控制围堰结构设计及其下沉施工安全性和稳定性的关键因素,当前设计规范对围堰水力作用的考虑十分粗略。为探明某桥墩高低刃脚异形钢围堰施工过程中的水荷载特征,采用计算流体动力学方法分析围堰绕流流场,基于河道横断面地形资料足尺构建三维流体域,运用重叠网格技术高效建模模拟钢围堰下沉过程。研究结果表明,围堰两侧存在局部流动加速且呈不对称分布,围堰深水侧水流速度相对更大,围堰下方下游侧流速随河流深度增加呈降低趋势;围堰外表面压强除迎流侧为正压外,其余大部分均为负压,各区域负压随着下沉深度增加而逐步增大;下沉初期绕流场受围堰及护筒双重影响,随着围堰逐渐下沉至河床底,护筒影响逐步消失;流场各区域湍流强度随着下沉深度的增加整体呈现出先增大后减小的变化规律,最终最大湍流强度区域稳定于堰尾。围堰阻力系数及侧向力系数几乎不受来流流速影响,进一步验证了其无量纲性;阻力及侧向力随来流流速增大而增大;阻力随入水深度增大而增大,侧向力也整体表现出类似规律,但在入水深度8 m处受围堰异形区段三维流动效应影响,出现侧向力局部极小值的反常现象。     

In-depth analysis of the fatigue mechanism induced by inclusions for high-strength bearing steels

A numerical study of stress distribution and fatigue behavior in terms of the effect of voids adjacent to inclusions was conducted with finite element modeling simulations under different assumptions.Fatigue mechanisms were also analyzed accordingly.The results showed that the effects of inclusions on fatigue life will distinctly decrease if the mechanical properties are close to those of the steel matrix.For the inclusions,which are tightly bonded with the steel matrix,when the Young’s modulus is larger than that of the steel matrix,the stress will concentrate inside the inclusion;otherwise,the stress will concentrate in the steel matrix.If voids exist on the interface between inclusions and the steel matrix,their effects on the fatigue process differ with their positions relative to the inclusions.The void on one side of an inclusion perpendicular to the fatigue loading direction will aggravate the effect of inclusions on fatigue behavior and lead to a sharp stress concentration.The void on the top of inclusion along the fatigue loading direction will accelerate the debonding between the inclusion and steel matrix.     

Dynamic mass variation and multiphase interaction among steel,slag, lining refractory and nonmetallic inclusions: Laboratory experiments and mathematical prediction

The mass transfer among the multiphase interactions among the steel, slag, lining refractory, and nonmetallic inclusions during the refining process of a bearing steel was studied using laboratory experiments and numerical kinetic prediction. Experiments on the system with and without the slag phase were carried out to evaluate the influence of the refractory and the slag on the mass transfer. A mathematical model coupled the ion and molecule coexistence theory, coupled-reaction model, and the surface renewal theory was established to predict the dy-namic mass transfer and composition transformation of the steel, the slag, and nonmetallic inclusions in the steel. During the refining process, Al2O3 inclusions transformed into MgO inclusions owing to the mass transfer of [Mg] at the steel/refractory interface and (MgO) at the slag/re-fractory interface. Most of the aluminum involved in the transport entered the slag and a small part of the aluminum transferred to lining re-fractory, forming the Al2O3 or MgO·Al2O3. The slag had a significant acceleration effect on the mass transfer. The mass transfer rate (or the re-action rate) of the system with the slag was approximately 5 times larger than that of the system without the slag. In the first 20 min of the re-fining, rates of magnesium mass transfer at the steel/inclusion interface, steel/refractory interface, and steel/slag interface were x, 1.1x, and 2.2x, respectively. The composition transformation of inclusions and the mass transfer of magnesium and aluminum in the steel were predicted with an acceptable accuracy using the established kinetic model.     

截面形式对R UHPC梁抗弯承载力的影响

为明确截面形式对UHPC抗拉强度在钢筋超高性能混凝土(R-UHPC)梁抗弯承载力贡献的影响,考虑实测得到的7种不同钢纤维掺量UHPC的抗拉和抗压性能,对矩形、箱形和T形R-UHPC梁进行抗弯承载力计算,构建并分析抗拉强度贡献率、抗压强度利用率等指标.结果表明:UHPC根据其硬化段长短和其极限应变与钢筋屈服应变的关系,可划分为U0、 U1和U2类材料. UHPC抗拉强度的贡献率与截面形式有关:矩形梁箱形梁T形梁,对U1和U2类UHPC的矩形梁或箱形梁,宜考虑其抗拉强度对梁抗弯承载力的贡献.材料设计时,若考虑UHPC抗拉强度的作用,宜采用U2类材料.截面设计时, UHPC抗拉强度的贡献,矩形梁应考虑,箱形梁可考虑, T形梁可不考虑,宜采用箱形、 I形或工形梁截面以提高抗拉强度贡献. UHPC抗压强度利用率,随纤维掺量的增大而下降,利用率在45.5%～60.2%范围.工程应用时,可应用UHPC-NC叠合梁或预应力UHPC梁以提高抗压强度利用率.     

预应力钢丝绳-聚合物砂浆面层抗弯加固持荷RC梁数值分析及承载力计算

建立预应力钢丝绳-聚合物砂浆面层抗弯加固钢筋混凝土(RC)梁的有限元模型(FEM),并利用已有的试验数据验证模型的准确性.基于有限元模型,进行不同持荷比下加固梁的力学性能研究.结果表明:建立的有限元模型可较好地解决持荷条件下钢丝绳-聚合物砂浆面层与RC梁之间单元不协调变形等问题;随着持荷比的提高,加固梁的极限承载力提高幅度逐渐减小;当预加载低于未加固梁极限承载力的20%时,混凝土损伤较小,不考虑预加载的影响;当预加载高于未加固梁极限承载力的20%时,需考虑加固材料滞后应变对加固试件极限承载力的影响.基于平截面假定和钢丝绳滞后应变,提出抗弯加固持荷RC梁的极限承载力计算公式,其计算结果与数值分析结果吻合良好.     

内配螺旋箍筋方钢管高强混凝土柱的轴压试验

为研究内配螺旋箍筋方钢管高强混凝土柱的轴压性能,对内填混凝土强度为112 MPa的3个内配螺旋箍筋方钢管混凝土(SCCFST)试件和1个方钢管混凝土(CFST)试件进行单调轴压加载,试验参数为螺旋箍筋的体积配箍率和屈服强度.结果表明:相较于CFST试件,SCCFST试件的轴压承载力基本没有提高,但峰值后性能有明显改善;每一次螺旋筋的断裂会导致SCCFST试件承载力显著下降;SCCFST柱承载力实测值与CFST柱承载力计算值的吻合程度较好.     

内配螺旋箍筋方钢管超高强混凝土柱的偏压受力性能

为研究内配螺旋箍筋方钢管超高强混凝土柱的偏压受力性能,对2个内配螺旋箍筋方钢管混凝土柱和1个普通方钢管混凝土柱进行偏心受压试验,试件内填混凝土的轴心抗压强度为111 MPa.结果表明:组合柱承载力的下降主要是由混凝土压溃导致;螺旋箍筋对提高组合柱承载力的作用不明显,但可显著提高组合柱的延性.     

模块建筑参数化平面优化及智能化结构设计方法

以五层钢结构模块建筑住宅为例,探索钢结构模块建筑参数化平面多目标优化和结构智能化设计的完整链条.提出一种钢结构模块建筑参数化平面建模和设计方法;依托Rhinoceros&Grasshopper建模平台,编写Python脚本语言实现智能化结构设计;最后结合Ladybug&Honeybee建筑能耗性能模拟插件和Karamba有限元结构设计插件以及Octopus数据处理平台,基于建筑总能耗和结构用钢量2个目标分别对建筑平面不同房间长宽尺寸和结构构件尺寸进行设计和优化,生成满足结构承载力要求的Pareto最优解集,得出各参数变量与目标函数的相关性系数.